1、Designation: F2856 12 (Reapproved 2016) An American National StandardStandard Practice forTransfilling and Safe Handling of Small CO2Cylinders forUse in Paintball1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2856; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、 adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice is intended to satisfy the demand forinformation on t
3、he basic procedures for the safe handling andtransfilling of small (not bulk) paintball CO2cylinders com-monly used with a paintball marker for propulsion of apaintball. This standard does not address issues dealing withthe transfilling, storage, and handling of supply cylinders thatmay be used in t
4、ransfilling smaller cylinders.1.2 The CO2fill procedures are written for the pressurecycling cylinder transfilling method most commonly used bypaintball field and/or store operators.1.3 This practice should not be confused with federal, state,provincial, or municipal specifications or regulations; i
5、nsur-ance requirements; or national safety codes.1.4 This practice does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with the safe handling andtransfilling of small paintball cylinders. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safetypracti
6、ces and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations, such as and not limited to DOT, CGA, and OSHA,prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1979 Specification for Paintballs Used in the Sport ofPaintballF2030 Specification for Paintball Cylinder Burst Disk As-sembliesF2553 S
7、pecification for Warnings on Refillable CO2Cylin-ders Used In the Sport of Paintball2.2 CGA Standards:3CGA G-6.3 Carbon Dioxide Cylinder Filling and HandlingProceduresCGA C-6-2005 Standards for visual inspection of steelcompressed gas cylindersCGA C-6.1 2006 Standards for visual inspection of highpr
8、essure aluminum compressed gas cylindersCGA G-6.8 2007 Transfilling and safe handling of smallcarbon dioxide cylindersTB-14 Torque Guidelines For Sealing CGA Valve OutletConnections2.3 Other Standards:CFR 49 Parts 100 to 18543. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 auth
9、orized retester, nfacility registered with andapproved by DOT for the requalification of cylinders.3.1.2 blow-down valve, nvalve which is part of a fillstation assembly, and which is intended to vent gas from thepaintball cylinder and fill station being filled.3.1.3 fill station, ndevice designed to
10、 attach to a supplycylinder and to a paintball cylinder, which facilitates transfill-ing the paintball cylinder.3.1.4 paintball, nspherical ball, commonly with a diam-eter of 17.3 mm (0.68 in.), comprised of a shell and a fill,designed to be expelled from a paintball marker and conform-ing to Specif
11、ication F1979.3.1.5 valve twist test, ntest done by hand where as the usergrasp the valve with one hand and the bottle with the other andattempts to turn the valve by hand in a counter- clockwisedirection (left).3.1.5.1 DiscussionIf the valve does move, the valve andbottle should not be filled and s
12、hould be repaired and/orserviced by the manufacturer or its authorized representative. Ifthe valve does not move then the valve passes the test and may1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility
13、ofSubcommittee F08.24 on Paintball and Equipment.Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originallyapproved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F2856 12. DOI:10.1520/F2856-12R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM
14、Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Compressed Gas Association, 4221 Walney Road, 5th Floor,Chantilly, VA 20151.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superi
15、ntendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1be filled provided it passes all other requirements. The testshould only be d
16、one when the cylinder is empty and withoutany tools.3.2 Acronyms:3.2.1 DOTdepartment of transportation3.2.2 RINretester identification number3.2.3 TCtransport Canada4. General Considerations4.1 Persons, who are transfilling carbon dioxide (CO2),must be trained in the hazards associated with liquid c
17、arbondioxide. Contact between exposed skin and cold piping, orcarbon dioxide can cause frost burns or can present otherhazardous situations.4.2 Always wear heavy gloves and eye protection whilefilling cylinders.4.3 Always have the MSDS at the location that the fillingtakes place.4.4 Always read and
18、understand all fill station instructions.4.5 Ensure that there is proper ventilation in the filling area.4.6 Warning posters should be posted near the filling opera-tion. These shall be of appropriate size and posted in a clearlyvisible location. See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.4.7 The receiving cylinder (pai
19、ntball cylinder) must be of arefillable type (that is, not disposable) and the net weight orvolume of gas that it can safely hold stamped on the shoulderor marked on the cylinder.FIG. 1 Example of Warning Poster AF2856 12 (2016)24.8 Supply cylinders must be secured and supported, suchas fastened to
20、a wall or similar immovable structure (that is, notfree standing).4.9 It is recommended that siphon type bulk tank be used forfilling.Avoid using inverted bulk tanks unless done properly, asshown in CGA G-6.8.4.10 Warning signs should be placed at the entrance toconfined areas where high concentrati
21、ons of carbon dioxide gascan accumulate. These shall be of appropriate size and postedin a clearly visible location.5. Fill Stations5.1 Fill stations and related equipment should be rated to atleast 1800 psi working pressure.5.2 The transfer hose shall be compatible with liquid CO2and shall have a m
22、inimum service pressure of 3000 psi.5.3 Fill stations shall be supplied with instructions foroperation by the manufacturer or distributor of the product. SeeFig. 3 and Fig. 4.FIG. 2 Example of Warning Poster BF2856 12 (2016)35.4 Fill stations should be marked or tagged with thefollowing safety warni
23、ngs:5.4.1 Read owners manual before using.5.4.2 Use only with CO2.5.4.3 Close bulk tank valve when not in use.5.4.4 Vent down system.6. Cylinder Inspection6.1 Conduct a valve twist test on empty cylinders todetermine if the valve is securely attached to the cylinder. Anycylinders which have valves t
24、hat can be twisted by hand, orwhich show signs of the valve having been partially removed,must not be filled. The owners of such cylinders should beFIG. 3 Example of Fill Station Instruction Sheet AFIG. 4 Example of Fill Station Instruction Sheet BF2856 12 (2016)4warned to have the valve repaired by
25、 the manufacturer or itsauthorized representative, prior to using the cylinder or attach-ing it to a marker. See Fig. 5.6.2 Look for a rotation indication mark between valve andbottle. Ensure line matches between two pieces. IF THE LINEDOES NOT MATCH DO NOT FILL THE CYLINDER. SeeFig. 6.6.3 If no lin
26、e is present place a non removable, non etchingmarking between the valve and bottle for future checks.Apaintpen is a good item to use to apply the rotation indication mark.6.4 Visually inspect the cylinder condition before each fill.6.4.1 Cylinders must be stamped on the shoulder with aDOT (Departme
27、nt of Transportation) and potentially a TC(Transport Canada) mark, working pressure, manufacturerscode or name, serial number, hydrostatic test date and ratedCO2capacity. If no stamping is present or stamping has beenaltered or non legible, do not use the cylinder. See Fig. 7.6.4.2 The pressure rati
28、ng stamped on the cylinder must be atleast 1800 psi.6.4.3 Cylinders must be in good condition: free of stickers,large dents, scrapes, bulges, obvious corrosion, pits, evidenceof fire damage and leaks.6.4.4 Cylinders should not be buffed or polished.6.4.5 Cylinders having valves without a rupture dis
29、k orpressure relief mechanism must not be filled.6.4.6 Pressure relief or rupture disk assembly should betight, and all pressure relief passages should be clear ofobstructions. See Fig. 8.6.4.6.1 Cylinders must have correct burst disk as per Speci-fication F2030; 3AL-1800 CO2cylinders require a 3000
30、 psi(3K) burst disk.6.4.7 The valve and external threading must not bedamaged, and must be free of foreign material. The valveo-ring must be in good condition in order to fill. Damagedvalves or components must be cleaned or repaired by themanufacturer or its authorized representative, prior to filli
31、ngthe cylinder.6.5 Cylinders must NOT be filled if any one of the follow-ing conditions exists:6.5.1 Cylinders are outside the valid test date range.6.5.1.1 Requalification period for CO2cylinders used inpaintball is five (5) years for 3AL aluminum and 3A and 3AAsteel bottles. There is no maximum li
32、fe for a 3AL, 3A, and3AA cylinders as long as the cylinder passes visual andhydrostatic inspections.6.5.2 Aluminum cylinders not exceeding 5 cm (2 in.)outside diameter and less than 61 cm (2 ft) in length are exemptfrom hydrostatic retesting.6.5.3 Presence of water or other liquids in the cylinder.6
33、.5.4 Evidence of internal contamination such as rust orother particles.6.5.5 External corrosion exceeding 0.8 mm (0.032 in.) indepth or 25 % of surface area.6.5.6 Dents in aluminum bottles that exceed 1.6 mm (0.062in.) with a diameter less than 50.8 mm (2 in.).FIG. 5 Warning Label From Specification
34、 F2553.FIG. 6 Valve/Cylinder Rotation Indicator MarkingDOT 3AL 1800 M4625 0403 8 oz CO2A051391This cylinder layline of data breaks down like this:DOT Department of Transportation (a Federal Agency)3AL the specification standard the cylinder conforms to1800 the working pressure rating of the cylinder
35、M4625 the manufacturer of the cylinder0403 The hydrostatic test date of the cylinderThe first two digits are the monthThe is the testing agency markThe last two digits are the yearThe above date would be valid to use until April 1, 20088oz CO2 The amount of CO2the cylinder is rated to holdA051391 Th
36、e serial number of the tankAfter hydrostatic testing the retest date will look like this:Stamped on shoulderG704 5 6 07The first two digits are the monthThe G 7 is the re-testing agency RIN (Re-tester ID #)56The RIN number is read in a clock wise direction, G765Contact D.O.T. for RIN informationThe
37、last two digits are the yearThe above date would be valid to use until April 1, 2012FIG. 7 Cylinder StampingF2856 12 (2016)56.5.7 Dents in steel bottles that exceed 1.6 mm (0.062 in.)with a diameter less than 10 times the depth of the dent.6.5.8 Scrapes or gouges that decrease the wall thickness ofa
38、 cylinder.6.5.9 Visible bulges.6.5.10 Cylinders show evidence of polishing, buffing,welding, grinding, sandblasting, plating, or exposure to hightemperature over 350F.6.5.11 Any other condition that seems unsafe to use shouldnot be filled and should be inspected by a certified DOTauthorized re-teste
39、r.7. CO2Fill Procedures7.1 The safety relief device, cylinder wall, and valve bodyassembly of all cylinders to be transfilled must be inspected asdescribed in Section 6. If a condition not described in Section6 is found and is of concern of the person transfilling thecylinder, the cylinder must not
40、be filled.7.2 CO2should only be filled by weight, never pressure.7.3 If so equipped, close the valve on the paintball cylinder.7.4 Attach the CO2fill station to the supply cylinder. Ensurethat the CGA 320 fittings are used and installed correctly.Ensure that only one (1) correct sealing washer is us
41、ed.7.5 Deactivate the universal fill adaptor (UFA). Attach thepaintball cylinder to the CO2fill station using the UFA.7.5.1 Invert the paintball cylinder, open paintball cylindervalve and/or activate the UFAand the blow-down valve to fullydischarge the remaining CO2.7.5.2 Weigh the empty cylinder. D
42、etermine the allowablenet weight of CO2and add this value to the empty cylinderweight. This provides the gross weight of a full cylinder. Thebottle should be cool to the touch in order to receive the CO2.7.5.3 If no venting occurs, add 1 to 2 oz and repeat theinversion and depressurization.7.5.4 Con
43、duct a valve twist test on the depressurized cylin-der as stated in 6.1 and 6.2.7.6 Fill the cylinder to the proper gross weight.7.6.1 To fill the paintball cylinder, open the valve to thepaintball cylinder, activate the UFA, close the blow-downvalve, and open the supply valve to begin transfer of t
44、he CO2.7.7 To complete the transfilling process, close the supplyvalve, de-activate UFA and the valve of the paintball cylinder,and open the blow-down valve to vent the supply line. Checkthe final weight of the paintball cylinder.7.8 If the final weight is below the allowable gross weight ofthe cyli
45、nder, close the transfer valve, open the blow-downvalve to relieve some pressure from the paintball cylinder andrepeat steps above for filling.7.9 If the final weight exceeds the allowable gross weight ofthe cylinder, vent the excess CO2. Do not overfill the cylinder.7.10 Turn off the supply tank, s
46、afely vent down the fillstation and if possible, remove or secure any hoses. Do notleave CO2in the fill station or hoses when not in use.8. Keywords8.1 carbon dioxide; CO2; compressed gas; cylinders; lique-fied; paintball; pressure vessel; rupture disk; transfillingASTM International takes no positi
47、on respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility
48、.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM
49、International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at
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