ANSI ATIS 0600003-2007 Battery Enclosure and Rooms Areas.pdf

1、 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS ATIS-0600003.2007 BATTERY ENCLOSURE AND ROOMS/AREAS ATIS is the leading technical planning and standards development organization committed to the rapid development of global, market-driven standards for the information, entertainment and communicat

2、ions industry. More than 250 companies actively formulate standards in ATIS 20 Committees, covering issues including: IPTV, Service Oriented Networks, Home Networking, Energy Efficiency, IP-Based and Wireless Technologies, Quality of Service, Billing and Operational Support. In addition, numerous In

3、cubators, Focus and Exploratory Groups address emerging industry priorities including “Green”, IP Downloadable Security, Next Generation Carrier Interconnect, IPv6 and Convergence. ATIS is the North American Organizational Partner for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), a member and major

4、 U.S. contributor to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio and Telecommunications Sectors, and a member of the Inter-American Telecommunication Commission (CITEL). For more information, please visit . AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Approval of an American National Standard requires revie

5、w by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected inter

6、ests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their exist

7、ence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circ

8、umstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secr

9、etariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw th

10、is standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Notice of Disclaimer b) Provide engineering methods for the management and control of the battery room and enclosure environment; a

11、nd c) Provide guidance for the battery room and enclosure design. 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this American National Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All stan

12、dards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this American National Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. ATIS-0600003.2007 2 ANSI/IEEE C2-2002, National Electrical Safety Code.1IEEE 1578-200

13、7, IEEE recommended practice for battery electrolyte spill containment and management.1CENELEC EN 50272-2:2001, Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations. Stationary batteries.2GR-487-CORE: Generic Requirements for Electronic Equipment Cabinets.3DIN 57510, VDE specificati

14、on for electric storage batteries and battery plants.4GR-63-CORE, Network-Equipment Building System (NEBS) Requirements: Physical Protection.3OSHA (CFR 29, part 1910), Occupational Safety and Health Standards.5ASTM B810, Standard Test Method for Calibration of Atmospheric Corrosion Test Champers by

15、Change in Mass of Copper Coupons.6ATIS-0600330.2008, Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries Used in the Telecommunications Environment.73 DEFINITIONS NOTE - See also informative Annex H. 3.1 Battery “Jar”: Container that houses or encloses the battery elements. 3.2 Containment: A barrier, either perman

16、ent or temporary, to enclose and confine an electrolyte spill to the desired area. 3.3 Controlled Environment Vaults (CEVs): Environmentally controlled structures that house telecommunications equipment. “Active” containment: A barrier (either permanent or temporary) that is in place prior to an ele

17、ctrolyte spill to prevent any liquid from spreading beyond the containment area. “Passive” containment: Stored products/barriers that can be used to provide containment, but arent currently in use in an “active” containment role. These stored products are usually maintained in storage containers des

18、igned for electrolyte spill containment use and are generally referred to as spill kits. 3.4 Valve Regulated Lead Acid batteries (VRLAs): Type of battery, completely encased, with no free electrolyte. The electrolyte in VRLA cells is either absorbed in the separator material or gelled. 1This documen

19、t is available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). . 2Available at . 3Telcordia documents are available from Industry Direct Sales, Telcordia, 8 Corporate Place, PYA 3A-184, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-4156, or: . 4Available at . 5Available at . 6This document is available f

20、rom the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Phone: (610) 832-9585, Fax: (610) 832-9555, . 7This document is available from the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS), 1200 G Street N.W., Suite 500, Washington,

21、 DC 20005. ATIS-0600003.2007 3 4 REQUIREMENTS 4.1 Maintenance The room or enclosure should allow unobstructed access and working space for battery maintenance and replacement. 4.2 Electrolyte and 2) those with diameters greater than 2.5 mm are called coarse particles. The sum of the particulate conc

22、entrations (mg/m3) in each of these two size ranges is referred to as Total Suspended Particulate (TSP). In outdoor air, water-soluble salts contribute as much as 50% of the mass of the fine-mode particles. Although the indoor levels of fine particles are lower than those found outdoors, the percent

23、age of water-soluble salts is generally greater than 50%. In time, these salts will accumulate on equipment surfaces where they can lead to increased corrosion levels, surface leakage, and potential arcing problems, particularly when the relative humidity increases above 40%. Coarse-mode particles h

24、ave their greatest impact on the operation of connector and relay contacts. In most cases, coarse-mode particles do not cause surface leakage or corrosion unless the dust is metallic (and therefore conductive) or contains large amounts of chloride (e.g., road salt or sea salt). 4.4.1.2 Organic Vapor

25、s Organic vapors in a network facility usually originate from indoor sources. Organic vapors can lead to contact activation and rapid erosion, frictional polymer on sliding contacts, and material deterioration. Organic vapors can also affect disk drive and magnetic tape reliability. This section onl

26、y addresses organic contaminants whose boiling points are greater than 3C (37.4F). ATIS-0600003.2007 5 4.4.1.3 Reactive Gases The environment of a network facility can contain reactive gases such as sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, ozone, hydrogen sulfide, and gaseous chlorine at levels that can

27、reach outdoor pollution levels. Most of these gases corrode metal surfaces. Ozone can lead to degradation of polymeric materials and is a factor to be considered in materials selection. Recent studies show ammonia can potentially have an impact on optical fiber strength. 4.5 Contamination Levels 4.5

28、.1 Environmentally Controlled Space It is a requirement that equipment intended for installation in controlled environmental space operate reliably for its intended service life within the average yearly levels of contamination. See Table 5. Conformance to this requirement for reactive gases and hyg

29、roscopic fine particulate can be demonstrated through the test methods given in clause 5. No measures are employed to remove gaseous contaminants in building filtration techniques. Consequently, indoor concentrations of these gases/vapors can approach outdoor levels. Furthermore, due to the indoor s

30、ources of volatile organic compounds and ammonia, these contaminant levels can be considerably higher than outdoor levels. It is an objective that equipment operates reliably within the gaseous contamination levels expressed in Table 5. 4.5.2 Outdoor Contaminant Levels The equipment intended to func

31、tion in an outdoor environment, such as cabinets installed on pads or poles, with little or no filtration should operate reliably for the intended service life at the contaminant levels listed in Table 6. 4.5.3 Measurement of contaminant levels The TSP - Dichot 15 levels are based on measurements wi

32、th a dichotomous sampler that size-fractionates the collected particles into two modes: fine particles (less than or equal to 2.5 mm) and coarse particles (from 2.5 to 15.0 mm). Particles are collected on Teflon membrane filters and weighed to determine TSP. Collection times range from 1 to 7 days.

33、The relative composition of the indoor dust should be approximately the same as the outdoor dust. The percentage of fine particles, including water-soluble salts, may be higher indoors due to filtration efficiency characteristics. Water-soluble salts can be directly determined by water extraction of

34、 the collected particles, followed by ion-chromatographic analysis. Organic vapors can be determined by passive or active sampling followed by Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectroscopic (GC/MS) analysis of the collected compounds. The various gases are determined by standard spectroscopic techniques. AT

35、IS-0600003.2007 6 4.6 Ventilation T is the temperature of the cell (or module) in C; Ibatis the maximum charge current as derived above; N is the number of cells. 4.6.2 Example Hydrogen Evolution Calculation Given the following conditions: Temperature 50C Current (worst case) 10 amps Number of cells

36、 24 Using the Hydrogen evolution information above, the produced hydrogen rate (VH2) is: VH2= 0.418 x 10 x (1 + (50/273) x 24=118.7 l/hr The recommended fan capacity may be calculated utilizing the values above. In order to maintain a hydrogen concentration of 1% or less, fan capacity should be 100

37、times greater than the hydrogen evolution rate. Converting the evolution to CFM is obtained by: 118.7 l/hr / (60 m/hr * 28.317 l/ft3) = 0.0698 CFMH2Therefore, to maintain a concentration of no more than 1% hydrogen, an air exchange rate of more than 6.98 CFM is required. NOTE: This is a conservative

38、 approach because all the float current is not converted into gas. Some of it is used to keep the battery fully charged (to compensate for the self discharge of the plates, and recombination process). This method also allows one to calculate evolution for fault conditions, such as a malfunction of r

39、ectifiers or batteries (cell short or thermal runaway), where all charging current is delivered into a fully charged battery. In this scenario, the rectifiers will remain in current limit continuously and all the current going into the battery will be converted into gas. This type of abnormal condit

40、ion may require immediate attention and enough forced air circulation to mitigate the circumstances in a timely manner. ATIS-0600003.2007 8 5 TESTING 5.1 Hydrogen Concentration for Outside Plant Cabinet This clause describes the test method for determining hydrogen flow rate from battery rooms or en

41、closures. 5.2 Test Procedure Helium or hydrogen may be used to measure the performance of the battery enclosure ventilation system in order to determine the maximum allowable hydrogen evolution rate. If using hydrogen gas appropriate safety measures shall be used: The gas sensors shall be placed in

42、all compartments that are subject to hydrogen evolution from the battery enclosure. The cabinet shall then be placed in an enclosure to prevent air movement around the cabinet during the test. The gas shall be injected into the battery enclosure until a concentration of 1.0% is reached. The rate of

43、gas injection required to maintain a 1.0% concentration under steady state conditions shall be reported. Steady state shall be defined as a maximum variation of 0.25% over a period of one hour. The test shall be performed with the cabinet stabilized at 20 3C (68 5F). For cabinets using a temperature

44、 activated heat exchanger or any other air movement devices, these devices shall not be active during the test. 6 ADDITIONAL CALCULATIONS 6.1 Hydrogen Temperature is 250C Pressure of one atmosphere Hydrogen diffusion coefficient of 0.78 cm2/second 6.1.5.2 Sample Calculation for Vent Area The vent ar

45、ea required to maintain a steady state concentration of hydrogen at 1% by volume (8.2 x 10-5grams/cm3) is calculated as follows: ATIS-0600003.2007 11 ()hour/cm16501.0500,16dWventedHydrogen33=NOTE 1: The rate of vented hydrogen from convection should be subtracted from the above battery hydrogen-gass

46、ing rate when calculating the vent area required by diffusion in the next section. NOTE 2: The hydrogen gas to be vented by diffusion is that evolved from the battery minus that vented by convection. The hydrogen gas produced by diffusion is calculated from the following equation: hour/cm835,1016500

47、0,11diffusionbygasHydrogen3=The vent area is calculated as follows: ()()()2273112in23orcm146102.8360078.038.02.466,24835,102Acm/gramsd,whereddTDLMAAreaVentA=6.1.5.3 Sample Calculation for Fan Capacity (cm3/hour) The fan capacity required to maintain a steady state concentration of hydrogen at 1% by

48、volume is calculated by the following equation: hourftorhourcmFCapacityFandUF/39/000,100,1)(01.0000,11/333=6.1.6 Additional guidelines to calculate ventilation There are two additional guidelines that can be used to calculate ventilation. They are described as follows: ATIS-0600003.2007 12 1. To cal

49、culate battery hydrogen gassing rate, see ATIS-0600330.2008, 5.3 Gassing. For oxygen, divide the hydrogen rate by two (2). The equation in the above standard assumes no gas recombination and as such represents a worst-case condition. 2. Vent area is the area after any screening or obstructions are subtracted. 7 METHODS OF CONTROL 7.1 Electrolyte Containment & Handling Electrolyte containment may be required by the Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) based on the volume of electrolyte w