ANSI B11 STD B11.3-2012 Safety Requirements for Power Press Brakes《机床.动力压弯机的安全性要求》.pdf

1、i ANSI B11.3 - 2012 American National Standard for Machines Safety Requirements for Power Press Brakes Secretariat and Accredited Standards Developer: B11 Standards, Inc. POB 690905 Houston, TX 77269 APPROVED: 20 JULY 2012 by the American National Standards Institute COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT Cop

2、yright 2012 by B11 Standards, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of B11 Standards, Inc.AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS By approvi

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18、y contact the Secretariat for current status information on this, or other B11 standards. Published by: B11 Standards, Inc., www.b11standards.org POB 690905, Houston TX 77269 USA Copyright 2012 by B11 Standards Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America No part of this publica

19、tion may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.American National Standard B11.32012 2012 B11 Standards, Inc. Page 3 Table of Contents Page FOREWORD . 7 HISTORY . 7 EFFECTIVE DATE. 8 DEVELOPMENT 8 INTRODUCTION

20、. 10 1 SCOPE . 13 1.1 General 13 1.2 Exclusions . 13 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES . 14 2.1 Informative references . 15 3 DEFINITIONS . 16 4 RESPONSIBILITY 20 4.1 Supplier responsibilities 20 4.2 User responsibilities . 21 4.3 Personnel responsibilities . 21 5 RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS . 21 6 DESIGN, CONSTRU

21、CTION, RECONSTRUCTION, AND MODIFICATION 23 6.1 General requirements for all press brakes 23 6.1.1 Hazards associated with broken components 23 6.1.2 Tool fastening provisions 23 6.1.3 Opening of tool space 24 6.1.4 Press brake capacity data plate. 24 6.1.5 Pressure rating of components . 24 6.1.6 St

22、ored and residual energy 24 6.1.7 Performance of safetyrelated function(s) 25 6.1.8 Stopping performance monitor . 25 6.1.9 Presence-Sensing Device Initiation (PSDI) . 28 6.2 Electrical controls . 30 6.2.1 Disconnect means 30 6.2.2 General requirements for stop functions, circuits and actuators 30 6

23、.2.3 Motor start actuator 34 6.2.4 Motor starter . 35 6.2.5 Top stop control . 35 6.2.6 Return (stop-return) control . 35 6.2.7 Voltage 35 6.2.8 Grounds 36 6.2.9 External and line interferences 36 6.3 Requirements for mechanical press brakes . 36 6.3.1 Ram counterbalance systems . 36 AMERICAN NATION

24、AL STANDARD B11.3 2012 2012 B11 Standards, Inc. Page 4 6.3.2 Clutches and brakes 36 6.3.3 Cycle control of mechanically actuated or air operated press brakes 38 6.3.4 Mode control 39 6.3.5 Actuating means 45 6.3.6 Motorized ram adjustment . 46 6.4 Requirements for hydraulic press brakes . 47 6.4.1 R

25、eturn (stop-return) control . 47 6.4.2 Ram counterbalance system . 47 6.4.3 Foot pedal (mechanical). 47 6.4.4 Unintended actuation by foot treadle 48 6.4.5 Mode control for hydraulic press brakes 48 6.4.6 Actuating means 54 6.4.7 Hydraulic components and circuits 55 6.5 Requirements for pneumatic pr

26、ess brakes . 58 6.5.1 Return (stop-return) control . 58 6.5.2 Ram counterbalance systems . 58 6.5.3 Air-controlling equipment 58 6.5.4 Actuating means 59 6.5.5 Pneumatic components and circuits . 59 7 LAYOUT, INSTALLATION, TESTING AND START-UP . 61 7.1 General 61 7.1.1 Lockout/Tagout 61 7.1.2 Lighti

27、ng . 62 7.2 Layout 62 7.2.1 Production operations . 62 7.2.2 Set-up and maintenance 62 7.3 Installation . 62 7.3.1 Foundation . 62 7.3.2 Lifting of machine components . 62 7.3.3 Anchoring . 62 7.3.4 Safety considerations 62 7.4 Testing and start-up for press brakes . 63 7.4.1 Procedures . 63 7.4.2 A

28、ssigned personnel . 63 7.4.3 Safeguarding 63 8 SAFEGUARDING. 63 8.1 Hazards associated with press brake production systems other than point-of-operation hazards . 63 8.2 Hazards associated with falling or broken components 64 8.3 Performance of the safetyrelated function(s) . 65 8.4 Perimeter safegu

29、arding 66 8.5 Hazards associated with point of operation . 66 8.5.1 Safeguarding provisions 66 8.6 Guards: fixed, adjustable, and interlocked . 67 8.6.1 Design and construction 67 8.6.2 Installation and operation 69 8.7 Point of operation safeguarding devices 72 American National Standard B11.32012

30、2012 B11 Standards, Inc. Page 5 8.7.1 Movable barrier devices . 72 8.7.2 Presence-sensing safeguarding device 74 8.7.3 Pull-back safeguarding device 79 8.7.4 Restraint safeguarding device (holdout) . 80 8.7.5 Two-hand control safeguarding device . 81 8.7.6 Single control safeguarding device . 83 8.7

31、.7 Close proximity point of operation AOPD safeguarding device 84 8.8 Safe speed safeguarding 88 8.9 Safe distance safeguarding . 89 8.10 Auxiliary safety aids . 90 9 SET-UP, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE . 91 9.1 General 91 9.2 Machine set-up procedures . 91 9.2.1 Die set-up procedures 92 9.3 Operation

32、 . 96 9.3.1 Observations 96 9.4 Maintenance 98 9.4.1 General . 98 9.4.2 Maintenance inspections . 100 9.5 Supervision . 101 9.6 Control of hazardous energy . 101 9.7 Initiation of normal operation. 101 9.8 Safety signs. 102 9.9 Personal protective equipment (PPE) . 102 10 TRAINING 102 10.1 General 1

33、02 10.2 Training elements . 103 10.2.1 Training programs 104 10.3 Operator training. 105 10.4 Maintenance personnel training 105 10.5 Supervisor training . 105 10.6 Re-training . 105 11 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PSDI OPERATION 106 11.1 General 106 11.2 “Pass-through“ hazards . 106 11.3 Multiple op

34、erators . 106 11.4 Presence-sensing device used for PSDI . 106 11.5 Supplemental guards or devices . 107 11.6 Hand tools . 107 11.7 Inspection and maintenance 107 11.8 Operator Training 107 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.3 2012 2012 B11 Standards, Inc. Page 6 ANNEX A FIGURES 109 ANNEX B TASK / HAZAR

35、D IDENTIFICATION . 120 ANNEX C PERFORMANCE OF THE SAFETY-RELATED FUNCTION(S) . 122 ANNEX D EXAMPLE MANUAL TEST PROCEDURE FOR CLOSE PROXIMITY POINT OF OPERATION AOPD SAFEGUARDING DEVICES . 123 ANNEX E SAFEGUARDING FLOWCHART . 124 ANNEX F CHECKLIST 125 ANNEX G EXAMPLE DIE SETTING PROCEDURE . 126 ANNEX

36、 H AUTOMATIC BACKGAGE HAZARDS 130 ANNEX I GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR OPERATOR TRAINING . 131 List of FIGURES Figure 1: Organization of the B11 Series of Documents 10 Figure 2: Typical layout of B11 base standards showing the various responsibilities 12 Figure 5: The Risk Assessment Process . 22 Figure A

37、.1: Example of Material Position Gage and Work Support 109 Figure A.2: Example of a Removable and Adjustable Mechanical Foot Pedal and Locking Lever 109 Figure A.3: Example of Awareness Barrier with Safe Distance Safeguarding 110 Figure A.4: Example of a Movable Barrier Device . 110 Figure A.5: Exam

38、ple of Presence-Sensing Device 111 Figure A.6: Example of Horizontal and Vertical Presence-Sensing Devices . 111 Figure A.7: Example of a Pullback Device . 112 Figure A.8: Example of Restraints with Two Operators 112 Figure A.9: Example of a Restraint 113 Figure A.10: Example of Two Operators with T

39、wo-Hand Control Mounted to Machine . 113 Figure A.11: Example of Two-Hand Control Mounted on Pedestal 114 Figure A.12: Examples of Hand-Feeding Tools . 114 Figure A.13: Example of Hand Tool Feeding . 115 Figure A.14: Example of Safe-Distance Safeguarding . 115 Figure A.15: Proper Holding of Workpiec

40、e 116 Figure A.16: Typical Guards on Sides of Point of Operation 116 Figure A.17: Example of Die Space 117 Figure A.18: Example of Foot Treadle with Guard . 117 Figure A.19: Example of Foot Control . 118 Figure A.20: Protection Zone Dimensions for Close Proximity POO AOPD Safeguarding Devices. 118 F

41、igure A.21: Close Proximity AOPD 119 Figure D: Test Piece for Close Proximity POO AOPD Safeguarding Devices 123 American National Standard B11.32012 2012 B11 Standards, Inc. Page 7 Foreword (This Foreword is informative and not part of the normative requirements of American National Standard ANSI B1

42、1.3-2012.) The primary objective of this standard is to eliminate, control or reduce hazards to individuals associated with power press brakes by establishing requirements for the design, construction, operation and maintenance of these machines. To accomplish this objective, responsibilities have b

43、een assigned to the supplier (e.g., manufacturer, modifier, rebuilder and integrator), the user, and individuals in the working environment. The words “safe“ and “safety“ are not absolutes. An element of safety is attitude. While the objective of this standard is to eliminate, control, or reduce haz

44、ards, this standard recognizes that hazards cannot be practically reduced to zero in any human activity. This standard is not intended to replace good judgment, proper training, and personal responsibility. Operator skill, job monotony, fatigue, and experience are safety factors that should be consi

45、dered by the user. HISTORY The original B11.3 standard was approved in 1973 and revised in 1982 and again in 2002. In the 2002 document, powered folding machines were included in the scope of the standard because they were predominantly similar to press brakes in that they are metal bending machines

46、 and they were not covered by any other standard. During the current revision process, the subcommittee determined that powered folding machines have evolved into multi-axis machines that process metal in numerous ways, many of which are unlike a press brake. Additionally, there is now a type-A stan

47、dard, ANSI B11.0, which can be used in conjunction with the type-B standard ANSI B11.19 to provide guidance for the safe use of machines in general. It is for these reasons that the subcommittee decided to exclude powered folding machines in the scope of the 2012 ANSI B11.3 standard. This current 20

48、12 standard was revised by the B11.3 Subcommittee, processed and administered by the Secretariat, and approved by the B11 Accredited Standards Committee for submittal to the ANSI Executive Standards Council as an American National Standard. New topics included in this revision are the “close proximi

49、ty point of operation AOPD” safeguarding devices, and a safeguarding means called “Safe Speed.” In addition, this revision incorporates the B11 Accredited Standards Committees “FASTT” initiative, which defined common language to be used by the entire series of ANSI B11 standards. Consequently, many definitions of common terms contained in the previous edition of B11.3 can be now be found in the ANSI B11.0 and ANSI B11.19 standards. This initiative also significantly impacted clauses 4, 5, 7, 9 and a brand new clause 10 and Annex I