ANSI B11 STD B11.TR6-2010 Machines C Safety Control Systems for Machine Tools.pdf

1、ANSI Technical Report B11.TR6 2010 1 B11.TR6-2010 ANSI Technical Report for Machines Safety Control Systems for Machine Tools Registered: 5 DECEMBER 2010 by the American National Standards Institute, Inc. Secretariat and Accredited Standards Developer, prepared by: B11 Standards, Inc. 42293 Young La

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21、R6 2010 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Introduction and Overview of the ANSI B11 Series 13 1 Scope . 15 2 References . 15 3 Definitions 16 4 General Design Considerations for Mechanical, Fluid Power and Electrical Technologies 21 4.1 ANSI B11.TR6 Circuit Analysis Tables 21 4.2 Practical Use of TR6 22 4.2.

22、1 General 22 4.2.2 Applying TR6 to a Sample Application 22 4.3 Reset Function of the Safety Circuit 24 4.4 Start Function 24 4.5 Testing & Verification of the Safety Function . 24 4.5.1 Category 2 Periodic Test . 24 4.6 Fault Consideration . 24 4.6.1 Fault Analysis 25 4.6.2 Fault Exclusion 25 4.7 Re

23、sponse Time 25 4.8 Mechanical Considerations (general) 25 4.9 Fluid Power (Pneumatics & Hydraulics) 25 4.9.1 General Considerations . 25 4.9.2 Basic Methodology for Safety Interfacing 25 4.9.3 Pressure Vessels and Accumulators 26 4.9.4 Stored Energy (Trapped Pressure) . 26 4.9.5 Reapplication of Pre

24、ssure . 26 4.9.6 Hoses and Fittings . 27 4.9.7 Fluid Power Valve Crossover Considerations . 28 4.9.8 Single Channel Fluid Power Device 28 ANSI Technical Report B11.TR6 2010 4 4.9.9 Single Channel Fluid Power Device with Monitoring. 28 4.9.10 Dual channel fluid power . 29 4.9.11 Dual Channel fluid po

25、wer with Monitoring . 29 4.9.12 Dual Channel Cross Monitoring Valve 29 4.9.13 Response Time Considerations 29 4.9.14 Fault Reset Function . 29 4.9.15 Position Fault . 29 4.9.16 Diminished Performance Fault 29 4.9.17 Failure Modes to be Considered . 29 4.9.18 Non-Safety Devices . 30 4.10 Pneumatics 3

26、0 4.10.1 Basic Pneumatic System Considerations . 30 4.10.2 Safety Shut-Off and Exhaust Valve . 30 4.10.3 Filtration . 31 4.10.4 Regulator . 31 4.10.5 Lubrication . 31 4.10.6 Air Valve Mufflers 32 4.10.7 Environmental Influences 32 4.11 Hydraulics 32 4.11.1 Basic Hydraulic System Considerations . 32

27、4.11.2 General 32 4.11.3 Accumulators . 33 4.11.4 Fluid Management . 33 4.11.5 Filtration . 34 4.11.6 Relief/Pressure Reducing Valve 36 4.12 Electrical Interfacing Considerations (General) 36 4.12.1 Basic Methodology of Safety Interfacing . 36 4.12.2 Protective Stop Circuits . 36 4.12.2.1 Single-Cha

28、nnel Control . 36 4.12.2.2 Dual-Channel Control . 37 4.12.3 Safety Interface Module (SIM) . 37 4.12.4 Interfacing the Protective (Safety) Stop 38 4.12.4.1 Positive Logic . 38 4.12.4.2 PES/PLC Interfacing . 38 4.12.5 Electro-Mechanical Contact Considerations . 39 4.12.6 Failure Modes 39 4.12.7 Power

29、Supplies 39 4.12.8 Environmental Influences 39 4.13 Safety-Related Performance . 40 5 Input Devices (safeguarding devices and complementary equipment) . 42 ANSI Technical Report B11.TR6 2010 5 5.1 Emergency Stop Devices 42 5.1.1 Lowest Risk Reduction (Category 1) . 43 5.1.1.1 Single Channel E-Stop U

30、sing a Control Relay (Category 1) 43 5.1.2 Low / Intermediate Risk Reduction (Category 2) 44 5.1.2.1 Dual Channel E-Stop Using Redundant Control Relays (Category 2) . 44 5.1.3 Intermediate / High Risk Reduction (Category 3) 45 5.1.3.1 Dual Channel E-Stop Using FGR Relays and Cross Monitoring (Catego

31、ry 3) . 45 5.1.3.2 Multiple Dual Channel E-Stop with a Safety Relay Interface Module (Category3) . 46 5.1.4 Highest risk reduction (Category 4) . 47 5.1.4.1 Single Button Dual Channel E-Stop with a SIM (Category 4) 47 5.1.4.2 Single Button Dual Channel E-Stop* w/ Self Monitoring and a SIM (Category

32、4). 48 5.2 Contact Interlocking 49 5.2.1 Description of Positive-Opening Interlock Switches 49 5.2.2 Type 1 and Type 2 Considerations . 50 5.2.2.1 Failure Modes . 50 5.2.2.1.1 Type 1 . 50 5.2.2.1.2 Type 2 . 50 5.2.2.2 Categories 50 5.2.3 General Considerations . 50 5.2.3.1 Physical installation 50 5

33、.2.3.2 Electrical interface 50 5.2.3.2.1 PES/PLC Control System Monitoring . 51 5.2.3.2.2 Monitoring Series Connected Positive-Opening Interlocking Switches . 51 5.2.4 Basic Circuit (Category B) . 52 5.2.4.1 Basic Interlocked Guard Monitoring Circuit (Category B) 52 5.2.5 Lowest Risk Reduction (Cate

34、gory 1) . 53 5.2.5.1 Interlocked Guard Monitoring Circuit Single Channel (Category 1) . 53 5.2.6 Low / Intermediate Risk Reduction (Category 2) 54 5.2.6.1 Series Connection of Interlocks to a SIM (Category 2) 54 5.2.6.2 Interlocked Guard Monitoring Single Channel w/ a SIM and PES (Category 2) 55 5.2

35、.7 Intermediate / High Risk Reduction (Category 3) 56 5.2.7.1 Single Interlock to a SIM (Category 3) 56 5.2.7.2 Series Connection of Interlocks to a SIM (Category 3) 57 5.2.8 Highest Risk Reduction (Category 4) 58 5.2.8.1 Interlocked Guard Monitoring Dual Channel w/ Relay/Contactor and Reset Button

36、(Category 4) . 58 5.2.8.2 Interlocked Guard Monitoring Dual Channel w/ a SIM (Category 4) . 59 5.3 Guard Interlocking with Non-Contact Switches (without a Locking Function) . 60 5.3.1 Description of Non-Contact Interlock Switches . 60 5.3.2 General Considerations . 60 5.3.3 Inductive Switches . 60 5

37、.3.4 Optical Switches 60 5.3.5 Magnetic Switches 60 5.3.6 Transponder Switches . 61 5.3.7 Basic Risk Reduction (Category B) . 61 5.3.7.1 Non-Contact Interlocked Guard Monitoring using Standard Retro-Reflective Photo Sensor (Category B) . 61 5.3.7.2 Non-Contact Interlocked Guard Monitoring using Stan

38、dard Magnetic Sensor (Category B) 62 5.3.8 Intermediate / High Risk Reduction (Category 3) 63 ANSI Technical Report B11.TR6 2010 6 5.3.8.1 Non-Contact Interlocked Guard Monitoring Circuit (Category 3) 63 5.3.8.2 Interlocked Guard Monitoring Dual Channel with a SIM (Category 3) . 64 5.3.9 Highest Ris

39、k Reduction (Category 4) 65 5.3.9.1 Interlocked Guard Monitoring Dual Channel with a SIM (Category 4) . 65 5.3.9.2 Interlocked Guard Monitoring Dual Channel with a SIM (Category 4) . 66 5.3.9.3 Interlocked Guard Monitoring Dual Channel with a SIM (Category 4) . 67 5.3.9.4 Interlocked Guard Monitorin

40、g Dual Channel with a SIM (Category 4) . 68 5.4 Guardlocking Interlocks . 69 5.4.1 General Considerations . 69 5.4.2 Low / Intermediate Risk Reduction (Category 2) 69 5.4.2.1 Power to Release, Inline Guardlocking Interlock (Category 2) . 69 5.4.3 Intermediate / High Risk Reduction (Category 3) 70 5.

41、4.3.1 Power to Release, Dual Axis Guardlocking Interlock (Category 3) 70 5.4.4 Highest Risk Reduction (Category 4) 71 5.4.4.1 Power to Release, Inline Guardlocking Interlock (Category 4) . 71 5.4.4.2 Power to Release, Dual Axis Interlock Connected to a SIM (Category 4) 72 5.4.4.3 Power to Release, D

42、ual Axis Interlock Connected to a SIM (Category 4) 73 5.4.4.4 Power to Release, Dual Axis Interlock Connected to a SIM (Category 4) 74 5.5 Optical Presence Sensing Devices 75 5.5.1 General Considerations . 75 5.5.1.1 Light Curtains . 75 5.5.1.2 Single/Multiple Beam Devices (Point or Grid Devices) 76

43、 5.5.1.3 Scanners 76 5.5.2 Lowest Risk Reduction (Category 1) . 77 5.5.2.1 IEC 61496 Type 2 Presence Sensing Device with Control Relay (Category 1) 77 5.5.3 Low / Intermediate Risk Reduction (Category 2) 78 5.5.3.1 IEC 61496 Type 2 Presence Sensing Device with Force-guided Relay (Category 2) 78 5.5.

44、3.2 IEC 61496 Type 2 Presence Sensing Device with Force-guided Relay (Category 2) 79 5.5.4 Intermediate / High Risk Reduction (Category 3) 80 5.5.4.1 IEC 61496 Type 3 Presence Sensing Device with Safety Interface Module (Category 3) 80 5.5.5 Highest Risk Reduction (Category 4) 81 5.5.5.1 IEC 61496 T

45、ype 4 Presence Sensing Device with OSSD (Category 4) . 81 5.5.5.2 IEC 61496 Type 4 Presence Sensing Device with Safety Interface Module (Category 4) 82 5.6 Mats / Edges 83 5.6.1 General considerations . 83 5.6.2 Low / Intermediate Risk Reduction (Category 2) 83 5.6.2.1 Single Safety Mat Using a Safe

46、ty Interface Module (Category 2) 83 5.6.3 Intermediate / High Risk Reduction (Category 3) 84 5.6.3.1 Multiple Safety Mats Using a Safety Interface Module (Category 3) 84 5.7 Two-Hand Control . 85 5.7.1 General Considerations . 85 5.7.1.1 Minimum functional requirements for a Two-hand Control as requ

47、ired by NFPA 79 and IEC 60204-1 (Type III): . 85 5.7.1.2 Physical Installation and Electrical Interface Considerations: 85 5.7.1.3 Two-Hand Control Safety Interface Modules . 86 5.7.2 Lowest Risk Reduction Two Hand Control (Type IIIa Category 1) . 86 5.7.2.1 Two Hand Control (Type IIIa Category 1) 8

48、6 5.7.2.2 Low / Intermediate Risk Reduction Two-Hand Control (Type IIIa Category 1) . 87 5.7.3 Intermediate / High Risk Reduction Two-Hand Control (Type IIIb Category 3) 88 ANSI Technical Report B11.TR6 2010 7 5.7.3.1 Two Hand Control (Type IIIb Category 3) 88 5.7.4 Intermediate / High Risk Reductio

49、n Two-Hand Control (Type IIIb Category 3) 89 5.7.4.1 Two-Hand Control (Type IIIb Category 3) . 89 5.7.5 Highest Risk Reduction Two-Hand Control (Type IIIc Category 4) . 90 5.8 Zero (Stand Still) Speed Detection . 91 5.8.1 General Considerations . 91 5.8.2 Lowest Risk Reduction (Category 1) . 92 5.8.2.1 Single Proximity Sensing (Category 1) 92 5.8.3 Intermediate / High Ri