1、ANSI/OPEI B71.6-2000for Powered Shredder/Grinders, Shredder/Baggers,Chippers, and Walk-Behind Chipper/Vacuums Safety SpecificationsANSI/OPEIB71.6-2000ANSI/OPEI B71.6-2000Revision ofANSI/OPEI B71.6-1990American National Standardfor Powered Shredder/Grinders, Shredder/Baggers,Chippers, and Walk-Behind
2、 Chipper/Vacuums Safety SpecificationsSecretariatOutdoor Power Equipment Institute, Inc.Approved February 29, 2000 American National Standards Institute, Inc.Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for appr
3、oval havebeen met by the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly andmaterially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana simple majority, but not necessarily una
4、nimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from
5、 manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have t
6、he right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American N
7、ational Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by ca
8、lling or writing the AmericanNational Standards Institute.American National StandardPublished byAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc.11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036Copyright 2000 by American National Standards InstituteAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced i
9、n anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the United States of AmericaiContentsPageForeword ii1 Scope . 12 Normative references . 13 Definitions. 24 Controls 35 Shields and guarding requirements 36 Servicing. 47 Electrical
10、requirements . 48 Label requirements. 59 Safety signs and instructions 510 Performance tests 511 Tests for fuel lines and fuel tanks. 8Figures1 Probe 1: Simulated foot 92 Probe 2: Simulated arm 93 Probe 3: Power drive guards 104 Test arrangement . 105 Safety signs 116 Safety instruction for shredder
11、s 11AnnexesA Rationale 15B Bibliography 18iiForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard B71.6-2000.)This standard is the second revision of the American National Standard for PoweredShredder/Grinder and Shredder/Baggers - Safety Specifications. The first standardwas approved an
12、d published by the American National Standards Institute in 1982,the first revision in 1990. The principle purpose of this current revision is to bringsafety requirements to the current state-of-art and to fulfill ANSIs five-year reviewprocess.There are two annexes in this standard. Annexes A and B
13、are informative and are notconsidered part of this standard.Consensus for this standard was achieved by the use of the Canvass Method.Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sentto the Outdoor Power Equipment Institute, 341 South Patrick Street, Alexandria, VA223
14、14.The following organizations recognized as having an interest in the standardization ofsafety requirements for shredder/grinders, shredder/baggers, chippers, and walk-be-hind chipper/vacuums were contacted prior to the approval of this revision of thestandard. Inclusion in the list does not necess
15、arily imply that the organization con-curred with the submittal of the proposal to ANSI.Alliance of American InsurersAmerican Association of NurserymenAmerican Consulting and TestingAmerican Insurance Group, Inc.Brave IndustriesConsumer Product Safety CommissionConsumers Union of U.S., Inc.The Davy
16、Tree Expert Co.Engine Service Association, Inc.Environmental Protection AgencyEquipment Manufacturers AssociationGarden Centers of AmericaGolf Course Superintendents Association of AmericaLawn except that for two-wire, nongrounded systems, the overload protectionmay be located in either line (see AN
17、SI/SAE J156, ANSI/SAE J553, and ANSI/SAE J554).7.2.4 Terminals and uninsulated electrical partsTerminals and uninsulated electrical parts shall be protected against short-circuiting by a fuel can or toolsduring normal servicing, refueling, and lubrication.7.3 High-tension ignition cableAll high-tens
18、ion ignition cable shall meet the requirements of ANSI/SAE J2031.ANSI/OPEI B71.6-200058 Label requirements8.1 Machine identificationThe basic machine and each major attachment should be provided with identification giving the modelnumber and/or serial number and the name and address of a U.S. or Can
19、adian source of replacementparts and service.8.2 Label durabilityRequired labels shall be certified by the machine manufacturer to meet the following label and durabilityrequirements. Permanent safety signs are considered to have a reasonable life if the sign has good colorand legibility for a perio
20、d of at least five years. Exterior durability is based on vertical exposure tests forweatherability in the extreme climate of the United States, or a 2000-hr carbon-arc test in accordance withASTM G23, or a 2000-hr xenon-arc test in accordance with ASTM G26. Other test methods may be used,providing
21、the method ensures equal or superior sign durability.8.3 Additional requirementsLabels shall form a durable bond with the base material surface and shall show no appreciable loss ofadhesion or legibility during weathering exposure or exposure to spilled fuel or oil. When processed andapplied in acco
22、rdance with the label manufacturers recommendations, labels shall be weather resistantin accordance with 8.2 and, following normal cleaning procedures, shall show no appreciable fading,discoloration, cracking, crazing, blistering, or dimensional change. Labels shall not curl at the edges.8.4 Types c
23、onsidered durable8.4.1 Embossed, indented, cast, or molded label shall be considered sufficient to meet the requirementsof 8.1.8.4.2 Metal plates more than 0.48 mm (0.019 in) thick with embossed or etched lettering, and fastenedwith rivets or equivalent fastening means, shall be considered sufficien
24、t to meet the requirements of 8.1.8.5 Silk screeningSilk screening or other types of marking, when used, shall meet the applicable requirements of 8.1 and8.2.9 Safety signs and instructions9.1 On product labelingA durable label, as shown in figure 5(a), or a similar statement of these safety practic
25、es shall be provided.This safety label shall carry the signal word “DANGER“ and conform to the format and color requirementsof ANSI Z535.4. Additional statements of safety practices are allowed and the signal word shall conformto 5.3.2 of ANSI Z535.4. Additional safety pictorials such as shown in Fi
26、gure 5(b) or in ISO 11684 maybe used.9.2 Safety instructionsA manufacturer shall supply, with the equipment, instructions for operation such as those shown in figure6. Instructions may be tailored to the specific shredder design.10 Performance tests10.1 Test conditions10.1.1 The machine shall be com
27、pletely assembled and shall rest on a horizontal surface. The machineshall be operated at the maximum speed specified by the manufacturer. A different machine may be usedfor each test. However, in each test, the unit shall be operating at the manufacturers maximum specifiedoperating speed.10.1.2 Any
28、 feed or outlet opening shield or guard that can be removed without the use of tools shall beremoved when conducting the throwback, probe, or thrown-object tests.ANSI/OPEI B71.6-2000610.1.3 Screens or grids that may be removed without the use of tools shall be positioned (or removed) toachieve the m
29、inimum (or worst) test conditions in the throwback, probe, and thrown-object tests.10.1.4 Machines using a bagging attachment shall be tested and accepted as specified in 10.4.1 and10.4.2.10.1.5 Any feed or outlet opening shield or guard that cannot be removed without the use of tools, butcan be sta
30、tically repositioned without the use of tools shall be placed in the minimum protection positionfor the throwback, probe and thrown-object tests. This requirement does not apply to access doors usedduring maintenance.10.2 Structural integrity tests10.2.1 Test method without debris bagA steel bar of
31、sufficient size shall be inserted into any designated feed opening or manufactured accessopening causing a sudden stop of the rotor. If the machine does not stop within 15 seconds, the test shallbe considered completed.10.2.1.1 Test acceptanceNo portion of the test bar or machine shall be ejected ex
32、cept through the discharge opening. If the ma-chine does not stop in 15 seconds, the test shall be concluded. The machine shall remain standing in itsoperating position. No part of the machine necessary for compliance with this standard shall becomedetached, or deformed so that it no longer complies
33、 with the standard. It is not required that the machinebe suitable for use after test completion.10.2.2 Test method with debris bagA debris bag provided by the manufacturer for use with a chipper shredder or chipper vac shall be testedin accordance with the procedure described in 10.2.2.110.2.2.3.10
34、.2.2.1 Test targetProvide a test target as described in 10.4.1. An additional panel of 350-pound test, double walled corru-gated paperboard shall be placed to delineate the chipper or chipper/vac side of the operator zone. Thistarget shall extend from the ground level of the unit upward to a height
35、of 2100 mm (7 feet).10.2.2.2 Test procedureIntroduce 100 hardened (minimum Rockwell C scale 45) steel balls 13 mm (1/2 inch) diameter, one at atime into inlet or processing chamber allowing discharge into debris bag.10.2.2.3 Test acceptanceFailure of this test shall consist of evidence of any of the
36、 following:- Penetration of bystander target- Any strike or penetration of operator zone target- Any opening of zipper or bag seam- Dislodging of debris bag from adapter or falling from its normal operating position.10.3 Throwback test10.3.1 Test cell constructionA test cell no more than 150 mm (6 i
37、nches) from all sides of the machine (excluding handles) shall beconstructed from 350-lb double-wall corrugated fiberboard. It shall extend vertically to a height no morethan 600 mm (24 inches) above the highest point of the feed opening and no higher than 1500 mm (60inches) from the shredder-suppor
38、ting surface. The top of the test cell shall be covered with tissue paperor Kraft paper. The lowest point of the test cell shall extend at least 150 mm (6 inches) below the lowestpoint of the feed opening. Vent openings may be provided, if necessary, to permit machine operation.ANSI/OPEI B71.6-20007
39、10.3.2 Test methodNinety seasoned dowels (commercially available hardwood), 9 mm (3/8 inches) in diameter and 150 mm(6 inches) long, shall be introduced three at a time and dropped at random into the machine. The cuttingelement shall be rotating at the manufacturers maximum specified operating speed
40、.10.3.3 Test acceptanceNo object shall exit by penetration of any test-cell surface. If the machine fails, two retests are permittedon the same or identical machines, and both shall pass.10.4 Thrown-object test10.4.1 Test methodA wall made from 350-lb double-wall corrugated fiberboard shall be place
41、d at a radius of 2400 mm (8feet) from the center of the discharge opening or discharge opening shield. The machine should be ele-vated approximately 600 mm (2 feet) from the horizontal surface. The horizontal surface between theshredder and corrugated wall shall be covered with sand or other absorbe
42、nt material (see figure 4). Onehundred sixpenny nails shall be introduced individually into the feed-intake opening, and penetration ofthe corrugated target shall be recorded.10.4.2 Test acceptanceNo more than 15 objects shall penetrate the target between the area defined from the shredder-supportre
43、ference level 600 mm (2 feet) from the horizontal surface) to 600 mm (2 feet) above the level (see fig-ure 4). None of the test objects shall penetrate the target above that 600-mm (2-foot) level defined. If themachine fails, two tests may be conducted on the same or identical machines, and the mach
44、ine shallpass both. On machines with bags, no nails shall completely exit the bag. Such exiting of nails shall con-stitute a failure. Additionally, the bag shall not become separated from its intended position during thetest. Such a separation shall be considered a failure.10.5 Probe tests10.5.1 Fee
45、d intake openingTwo different probes shall be employed as illustrated in figures 1 and 2. Probe 1 (see figure 1) shall beinserted as far as possible into any feed-intake opening less than 18 inches from the horizontal planeupon which the unit is resting, and shall be pivoted 15 degrees side to side
46、as shown in figure 1. Probe 2(see figure 2) shall be inserted into all areas of any feed-intake opening. The machine shall not be oper-ating during probe testing.10.5.2 Probe test for power-drive guardsThe probe shown in figure 3 shall be used to determine the accessibility of components or surfaces
47、 asdefined in 5.1.1.10.5.3 Test acceptanceContact of any part of the probe with the cutting mechanism or other normally-moving parts shall consti-tute failure.10.6 Audible or visual warningThe rotor shall include an audible or visual warning to alert the operator, after either declutching or shut-ti
48、ng off drive power, that the rotor is coming to rest. If an audible warning is used, it shall consist of a dis-tinct sound level or pitch change.10.7 Handle fastening10.7.1 GeneralThe chipper vac handle shall be fastened to the unit as to prevent unintentional uncoupling during opera-tion. The test
49、in 10.7.2 shall be conducted.ANSI/OPEI B71.6-2000810.7.2 Test methodThe chipper vac shall be positioned on a horizontal supporting surface and restrained from movement atthe wheels and frame enclosure. A static force of 223 N (50 lb) shall be applied to the rearward part ofthe handle on the longitudinal centerline of the chipper vac in a direction toward the front of the unit andparallel to the supporting surface.10.7.3 Test acceptanceThere shall be no failures of the handle or handle supporting structure while static force is applied. Uponremova
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