ANSI ESD S13.1-2015 the Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items Electrical Soldering Desoldering Hand Tools.pdf

1、 ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 Revision and re-designation of ESD STM13.1-2000 For the Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items Electrical Soldering/Desoldering Hand Tools Electrostatic Discharge Association 7900 Turin Road, Bldg. 3 Rome, NY 13440 An American National Standard Approved December

2、 23, 2015 ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 ESD Association Standard for the Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items - Electrical Soldering/Desoldering Hand Tools Approved June 23, 2015 EOS/ESD Association, Inc. ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 Electrostatic Discharge Association (ESDA) standards and publicati

3、ons are designed to serve the public interest by eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating the interchangeability and improvement of products and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining the proper product for his particular needs. The existence of su

4、ch standards and publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of the Association from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such standards and publications. Nor shall the fact that a standard or publication that is published by the Association preclude its vo

5、luntary use by non-members of the Association, whether the document is to be used either domestically or internationally. Recommended standards and publications are adopted by the ESDA in accordance with the ANSI Patent policy. Interpretation of ESDA Standards: The interpretation of standards in-so-

6、far as it may relate to a specific product or manufacturer is a proper matter for the individual company concerned and cannot be undertaken by any person acting for the ESDA. The ESDA Standards Chairman may make comments limited to an explanation or clarification of the technical language or provisi

7、ons in a standard, but not related to its application to specific products and manufacturers. No other person is authorized to comment on behalf of the ESDA on any ESDA Standard. THE CONTENTS OF ESDAS STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS,” AND ESDA MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, E

8、XPRESSED OR IMPLIED, OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO SUCH CONTENTS. ESDA DISCLAIMS ALL REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. ESDA STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE CONSIDERED TECHNIC

9、ALLY SOUND AT THE TIME THEY ARE APPROVED FOR PUBLICATION. THEY ARE NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR A PRODUCT SELLERS OR USERS OWN JUDGEMENT WITH RESPECT TO ANY PARTICULAR PRODUCT DISCUSSED, AND ESDA DOES NOT UNDERTAKE TO GUARANTEE THE PERFORMANCE OF ANY INDIVIDUAL MANUFACTURERS PRODUCTS BY VIRTUE OF SUCH STAND

10、ARDS OR PUBLICATIONS. THUS, ESDA EXPRESSLY DISLAIMS ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR DAMAGES ARISING FROM THE USE, APPLICATION, OR RELIANCE BY OTHERS ON THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THESE STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS. NEITHER ESDA, NOR ITS MEMBERS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES OR OTHER REPRESENTATIVES WILL BE LIABLE FOR

11、DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THE USE OR MISUSE OF ESDA STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. THIS IS A COMPREHENSIVE LIMITATION OF LIABILITY THAT APPLIES TO ALL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOSS OF DATA, INCOME OR PROFIT, LOSS

12、OF OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY AND CLAIMS OF THIRD PARTIES. Published by: Electrostatic Discharge Association 7900 Turin Road, Bldg. 3 Rome, NY 13440 Copyright 2015 by ESD Association All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherw

13、ise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-58537-286-2CAUTION NOTICE DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES DISCLAIMER OF GUARANTY LIMITATION ON ESDAs LIABILITY ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 i (This foreword is not part of ESD Association Standard ANSI/ESD S1

14、3.1-2015.) FOREWORD Electrical overstress (EOS) and electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage or degrade certain electronic components and assemblies. The intent of this standard is to provide test requirements for soldering/desoldering hand tools used in ESD Safe work areas or on materials that are

15、deemed to be ESD sensitive. The methods described herein can be used during procurement, qualification and verification of soldering/desoldering hand tools to verify that electrical integrity has not been compromised that could result in EOS/ESD damage. There has been no attempt to define how the so

16、ldering irons are to be used. This standard1 was originally approved on May 21, 2000 and was designated ESD STM13.1-2000. ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 is a revision and redesignation of ESD STM13.1-2000 and was approved on June 23, 2015. At the time ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 was prepared, the 13.0 Hand Tools Subco

17、mmittee had the following members: Kurt Edwards, Chair Lubrizol Conductive Polymers Cheryl Checketts R Ph: 315-339-6937; Fax: 315-339-6793; www.esda.org ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 2 Per IPC-TM-650 2.5.33.2 3: “The AC frequency range measured is in the 20 Hz to 20 MHz range, which covers the currently known

18、 equipment base. If soldering systems with oscillator or microprocessor frequencies higher than 20 MHz are to be qualified, then wider band width measuring equipment should be considered. Failure to do so is likely to qualify equipment that might otherwise be disqualified.” 6.1 Soldering/Desoldering

19、 Hand Tool Tip-to-Ground Resistance Measurement 6.1.1 CAUTION PREPARING THE APPARATUS INCLUDES MAKING CONNECTIONS TO THE SAFETY GROUND (GREEN OR GREEN WITH A YELLOW STRIPE WIRE) OF THE AC PLUG OR GROUND REFERENCE POINT (SEE ANNEX A FOR EXAMPLES). CARE MUST BE TAKEN TO AVOID CREATING A SHORT CIRCUIT

20、TO THE HOT OR NEUTRAL ELECTRICAL SPADES OF THE AC PLUG WHICH IS IN CLOSE PROXIMITY OF THE GROUNDING PRONG. (SEE FIGURE 2.) 6.1.2 Hot Soldering Iron Tip Method 1 The determination of tip-to-ground resistance is accomplished by using a current source and a millivoltmeter to measure the resistance betw

21、een the soldering tip and the equipment grounding prong (green or green with a yellow stripe wire) of the AC power cords plug. 6.1.2.1 Test Apparatus 6.1.2.1.1 Test Electrode The test electrode shall be single-sided or double-sided printed copper clad circuit board material (commonly referred to as

22、2 oz. copper clad), or solid copper, 1.6 mm (0.062 inch) thick, or equivalent. Tin the electrode prior to use. To tin the electrode, apply a small amount of solder to a small area near the end of the electrode that will be used as the point of contact for measurements (see Figure 1). NOTE: The elect

23、rode is designed to be able to sustain heat incurred while being wet with solder from the hot soldering iron tip of the unit under test. This electrode is designed to be replaceable since it will deteriorate after repeated testing. The length of interconnecting wires should be kept as short as possi

24、ble to ensure the highest accuracy in test results. Figure 1: Test Electrode 3 IPC, 3000 Lakeside Drive, 105 N, Bannockburn, IL 60015; Ph: 847-615-7100; Fax: 847-615-7105, www.ipc.org Tinned Area for Touching Hot Tip 50.8 mm (2 inches) 1.6 mm (0.062 inch) 12.7 mm (0.5 inch) ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 3 6.1

25、.2.1.2 Constant Current Source Source shall provide 10 milliamperes DC + 0.1 milliampere. NOTE: A constant current may be delivered by a power supply set to the constant current mode (see Figures 2 and 3) or by the alternate method of using a power supply with a series resistor to limit the current

26、for a given voltage (see Figure 4). Figure 2: Resistance Measurement Pictorial Figure 3: Resistance Measurement Schematic and Test Setup Method 1 ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 4 Power SupplyVs= 10 to 40 VRs= Vs/ 10 mAConstant Current Source ResistanceFigure 4: Alternate Constant Current Source Method 1 6.1.2.

27、1.3 Resistive Element A 2.0 ohm 1%, 1/2 watt minimum fixed resistor, and a zero to 0.1 ohm shorting wire. 6.1.2.1.4 DC Millivoltmeter The meter shall be capable of measuring zero to 60 millivolts DC with a resolution of 1 millivolt DC, and an accuracy of 1%. 6.1.2.1.5 DC Milliammeter The meter shall

28、 be capable of measuring zero to 20 milliamperes with a resolution of 0.1 milliamperes, and an accuracy of 1%. 6.1.2.1.6 Ohmmeter The ohmmeter shall be capable of measuring zero to 100 ohms with a resolution of 10 milliohms, and an accuracy of 1%. The ohmmeter should have a set of sharp pointed lead

29、s that accepts alligator clips. Make sure the meter lead resistance is zeroed out before making measurements. 6.1.2.2 HAZARD WARNING: IT IS NOT REQUIRED TO DISCONNECT THE GROUNDING CONDUCTOR OF THE UNIT UNDER TEST. BREAKING THE CONNECTION TO GROUND MAY CAUSE AN ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD. CAUTION: THE FO

30、LLOWING PROCEDURE INVOLVES WORKING WITH ITEMS (HEATER, IRON TIP, AND TEST ELECTRODE) HAVING HOT SURFACES. 6.1.2.3 Resistance Measurement Procedure 6.1.2.3.1 The test apparatus is checked by separately placing two resistive elements, (a shorting wire 0.1 ohms and a 2.0 ohm + 1% resistor) across the t

31、est apparatus electrodes. These resistance measurements shall be within 4%. 6.1.2.3.2 Connect the test apparatus as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. The test apparatus negative electrode shall make an electrical connection to the ground reference point of the unit under test. The unit under test shal

32、l be turned on and adjusted (if applicable) to achieve normal operating temperature. ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 5 6.1.2.3.3 Clean the tip by wiping on a wet sponge. Touch the HOT soldering iron tip of the unit under test to the tinned area of the test electrode. Apply solder to form a good electrical conta

33、ct. Wait for the measurement to stabilize, typically less than 5 seconds. 6.1.2.3.4 Calculate and record the measurement - each 1 millivolt on the millivoltmeter equals 0.1 ohms. (Example: a read-out of 10 millivolt DC indicates 1.0 ohms.) 6.1.2.3.5 The results shall be equal to or less than 2.0 ohm

34、s (see Section 8.0). 6.1.3 Cold Soldering Iron Tip Method 2 The tip-to-ground resistance is measured by using an ohmmeter to check the resistance between the soldering tip and the safety grounding prong (green or green with a yellow stripe wire) of the AC power cords plug. (See Figure 5.) NOTE: Whil

35、e cold testing is acceptable, hot testing is preferred. Also, low output voltages ( 1.0 volt) on some ohmmeters, especially digital meters, may result in a higher measurement because of contact resistance due to oxides on surfaces. VOMRUN IT UND ER TEST+-SOLDER IRON T IPOhmmeterGround Prong of AC Pl

36、ugFigure 5: Resistance Measurement Schematic and Test Setup Method 2 6.1.3.1 Apparatus 6.1.3.1.1 An ohmmeter with a set of sharp pointed leads that accepts alligator clips and is capable of measuring 0.1 to 2 ohms with + 1.0% accuracy. 6.1.3.1.2 Resistive element; a 2.0 ohm + 1%, 1/2 watt minimum fi

37、xed resistor. 6.1.3.2 Resistance Measurement Procedure NOTE: This is a check of the measurement equipment. 6.1.3.2.1 Set ohmmeter to its most sensitive ohm range. Use the leads with the alligator clips attached. Clip the precision 2 ohm resistor between the leads and record the ohmmeter measurement.

38、 6.1.3.2.1.1 The meter shall read 2 ohms 4% (between 1.92 and 2.08 ohms). 6.1.3.2.2 Disconnect the iron from the AC power outlet and let it cool to room temperature. NOTE: Be sure the solder tip or element is installed into the handle securely. ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 6 6.1.3.2.3 Attach the positive lea

39、d of the ohmmeter with an alligator clip to the safety grounding prong of the unplugged power cord. 6.1.3.2.4 Press the negative meter probe firmly against the tinned surface of the soldering irons tip. 6.1.3.2.5 Record the resistance measurement. 6.1.3.2.6 Switch the positive and negative lead posi

40、tions and record a second ohmmeter measurement. 6.1.3.2.7 Both resistance measurements shall be less than 2.0 ohms (see Section 8.0). 6.2 Soldering/Desoldering Hand Tool Tip Voltage Measurement and Leakage Current Verification 6.2.1 CAUTION PREPARING THE APPARATUS INCLUDES MAKING CONNECTIONS TO THE

41、SAFETY GROUND (GREEN OR GREEN WITH A YELLOW STRIPE WIRE) OF THE AC PLUG OR REFERENCE POINT. CARE MUST BE TAKEN TO AVOID CREATING A SHORT CIRCUIT TO THE HOT OR NEUTRAL ELECTRICAL SPADES OF THE AC PLUG WHICH IS IN CLOSE PROXIMITY OF THE GROUNDING PRONG. (SEE FIGURE 2.) 6.2.2 HAZARDS NEVER OPERATE A UN

42、IT UNDER TEST WITH THE SAFETY GROUNDING CONDUCTOR OPEN OR DISCONNECTED. 6.2.3 Apparatus The following measurements are to be made using an instrument or collection of instruments as defined below: (Sections 6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.3) and Section 6.0. The test equipment shall have a bandwidth equivalent to

43、 or greater than frequencies of AC voltage likely to be produced by the soldering/de-soldering tool as specified by the soldering/desoldering tool manufacturer. 6.2.3.1 True RMS Voltage Meter The meter shall be capable of measuring at least zero to 20 millivolts AC with a resolution of 0.1 millivolt

44、 and an accuracy of 1%. 6.2.3.2 The test electrode shall be copper, solid, single sided or double sided printed circuit board material, 1.6 mm (0.062 inch) thick, 2 oz. (0.07 mm thickness) or equivalent (see Figure 1). 6.2.3.3 AC Current Meter The meter shall be capable of measuring zero to 10 milli

45、amperes with a resolution of 100 microamperes, and an accuracy of 10%. 6.2.4 Soldering/Desoldering Hand Tool Tip Voltage Measurement Procedure The soldering/desoldering iron tip voltage, caused by soldering hand tool leakage currents, is measured using the apparatus shown in Figure 6A. ANSI/ESD S13.

46、1-2015 7 Figure 6A: Voltage or Current Measurement Setup 6.2.4.1 Connect the negative meter lead to the ground reference point or grounding conductor of the unit under test, and the positive lead to the test electrode, as shown in Figure 6A. (Also, see Figures 6B and 6C.) PRECAUTION - PREPARING THE

47、APPARATUS INCLUDES MAKING CONNECTIONS TO THE SAFETY GROUND (GREEN OR GREEN WITH A YELLOW STRIPE WIRE) OF THE AC PLUG OR REFERENCE POINT. CARE MUST BE TAKEN TO AVOID CREATING A SHORT CIRCUIT TO THE HOT OR NEUTRAL ELECTRICAL SPADES OF THE AC PLUG WHICH IS IN CLOSE PROXIMITY OF THE GROUNDING PRONG. Fig

48、ure 6B: Soldering Iron Pictorial (Voltage or Current Measurement) ANSI/ESD S13.1-2015 8 Figure 6C: Voltage Measurement Schematic 6.2.4.2 Plug the soldering/desoldering hand tool into the AC power outlet. 6.2.4.3 Turn the power on, and allow the unit under test to reach operating temperature. Allow t

49、emperature controlled soldering/desoldering hand tools to cycle on and off. Apply solder to the test electrode to form good electrical contact. Let the tip dwell on the test electrode while the unit under test is on or cycles power to maintain a soldering temperature. 6.2.4.4 Set the voltmeter to the AC millivoltage range. If the meter has multiple ranges, then set the meter to the range that will cover up to 20 millivolts. 6.2.4.5 Clean the tip by wiping it with a damp sponge. Touch the HOT soldering iron tip of the unit under test to the tinned area of t