ANSI ESTA E1.2-2012 Entertainment Technology - Design Manufacture and Use of Aluminum Trusses and Towers (Formerly PLASA E1.2).pdf

1、 ANSI E1.2 - 2012 Entertainment Technology Design, Manufacture and Use of Aluminum Trusses and Towers Document number Rig/2011-2031r2 2017 ESTA All right reserved. This page intentionally blank. 2017 ESTA page i ANSI E1.2 - 2012 Entertainment Technology Design, Manufacture and Use of Aluminum Trusse

2、s and Towers This edition of ANSI E1.2 was approved by the American National Standards Board of Standards Review on January 15, 2013. This standard was originally published when the Entertainment Services and Technology Association was operating under the name of PLASA North America. ESTA has revert

3、ed to its original name, and this document has been rebranded with the current corporate name and logo. No changes have been made to the contents of the standard. 2017 ESTA 2017 ESTA page ii Notice and disclaimer ESTA does not approve, inspect, or certify any installations, procedures, equipment or

4、materials for compliance with codes, recommended practices or standards. Compliance with a ESTA standard or recommended practice is the sole and exclusive responsibility of the manufacturer or provider and is entirely within their control and discretion. Any markings, identification or other claims

5、of compliance do not constitute certification or approval of any type or nature whatsoever by ESTA. ESTA neither guarantees nor warrants the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein and disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damage or injury of any nature

6、whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this document. In issuing and distributing this document, ESTA does not either (a) undertake to render professional or other services for or on behalf o

7、f any person or entity, or (b) undertake any duty to any person or entity with respect to this document or its contents. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reason

8、able care in any given circumstance. Note: Draft or proposed standards or recommended practices are subject to change. Conformance to a draft or proposed standard or recommended practice is no assurance that the product or service complies with the final approved standard or practice or any other ve

9、rsion thereof. Published by: Entertainment Services and Technology Association 630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 609 New York, NY 10036 USA Phone: 1-212-244-1505 Fax: 1-212-244-1502 Email: standardsesta.org 2017 ESTA page iii The ESTA Technical Standards Program The ESTA Technical Standards Program was create

10、d to serve the ESTA membership and the entertainment industry in technical standards related matters. The goal of the Program is to take a leading role regarding technology within the entertainment industry by creating recommended practices and standards, monitoring standards issues around the world

11、 on behalf of our members, and improving communications and safety within the industry. ESTA works closely with the technical standards efforts of other organizations within our industry, including USITT and VPLT, as well as representing the interests of ESTA members to ANSI, UL, and the NFPA. The T

12、echnical Standards Program is accredited by the American National Standards Institute. The Technical Standards Council (TSC) was established to oversee and coordinate the Technical Standards Program. Made up of individuals experienced in standards-making work from throughout our industry, the Counci

13、l approves all projects undertaken and assigns them to the appropriate working group. The Technical Standards Council employs a Technical Standards Manager to coordinate the work of the Council and its working groups as well as maintain a “Standards Watch” on behalf of members. Working groups includ

14、e: Control Protocols, Electrical Power, Event Safety, Floors, Fog and Smoke, Followspot Position, Photometrics, Rigging, and Stage Lifts. ESTA encourages active participation in the Technical Standards Program. There are several ways to become involved. If you would like to become a member of an exi

15、sting working group, as have over four hundred people, you must complete an application which is available from the ESTA office. Your application is subject to approval by the working group and you will be required to actively participate in the work of the group. This includes responding to letter

16、ballots and attending meetings. Membership in ESTA is not a requirement. You can also become involved by requesting that the TSC develop a standard or a recommended practice in an area of concern to you. The Rigging Working Group, which authored this Standard, consists of a cross section of entertai

17、nment industry professionals representing a diversity of interests. ESTA is committed to developing consensus-based standards and recommended practices in an open setting. 2017 ESTA page iv Contact Information Technical Standards Manager Karl G. Ruling Entertainment Services and Technology Associati

18、on 630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 609 New York, NY 10036 USA 1-212-244-1505 karl.rulingesta.org Assistant Technical Standards Manager Erin Grabe Entertainment Services and Technology Association 630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 609 New York, NY 10036 USA 1-212-244-1505 erin.grabeesta.org Technical Standards Council

19、 Chairpersons Mike Garl Mike Garl Consulting LLC 1-865-389-4371 Mike Wood Mike Wood Consulting LLC 1-512-288-4916 Rigging Working Group Chairpersons Bill Sapsis Sapsis Rigging, Inc. 1-215-228-0888 x206 billsapsis- Christine Kaiser Syracuse Scenery Stage Technologies Group; CP Tray Allen; James Tho

20、mas Engineering, Inc.; MP Dana Bartholomew; Fisher Technical Services, Inc.; CP William Beautyman; Limelight Productions, Inc.; DR Keith Bohn; Vitec Group plc; MP Ron Bonner; PLASA EU; G Vincent J. Cannavale; Motion Laboratories; CP Joseph Champelli; ZFX Flying Inc.; CP Benjamin Cohen; Reed Rigging,

21、 Inc.; DR Kimberly Corbett; Schuler Shook; DE Stu Cox; ZFX Flying Inc.; CP Dan Culhane; SECOA; CP Bruce Darden; Rigging Innovators, Inc.; CP Don Dimitroff; Vitec Group plc; MP Brad Dittmer; Stage Labor of the Ozarks; U Scott Fisher; Fisher Technical Services, Inc.; CP Adrian Forbes-Black; Total Stru

22、ctures Inc.; MP Howard Forryan; Harting KGAA; G Mike Garl; Vitec Group plc; MP Ed Garstkiewicz; Harting KGAA; G Ethan William Gilson; Advanced Lighting and Production Services; U William B. Gorlin; M.G. McLaren, P.C.; G Jerry Gorrell; Theatre Safety Programs; G Pat Grenfell; Mainstage Theatrical Sup

23、ply; DR Joshua Grossman; Schuler Shook; DE Joel A Guerra; Texas Scenic Company; DR Rod Haney; I.A.T.S.E. Local 891; U Tim Hansen; Oasis Stage Werks; DR Pete Happe; Walt Disney Company; U Herb Hart; Columbus McKinnon Corp.; MP David Herrmann; Motion Laboratories; CP Peter Herrmann; Motion Laboratorie

24、s; CP Wendy Holt; Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers; G Joseph Jeremy; Niscon Inc.; CP Rodney F. Kaiser; Wenger Corp.; CP Christine L. Kaiser; Syracuse Scenery DR Theresa Kelley; Total Structures Inc.; MP Kandie Koed; Total Structures Inc.; MP Jerald Kraft; SECOA; CP Edwin S.; Krame

25、r; I.A.T.S.E. Local 1; U Kyle Kusmer; Steven Schaefer Associates; G Roger Lattin; I.A.T.S.E. Local 728; U Michael Lichter; Electronic Theatre Controls, Inc.; MP Dan Lisowski; University of Wisconsin - Madison; U Joseph McGeough; Foy Inventerprises, Inc.; CP Orestes Mihaly; Production Resource Group;

26、 DR Jeff T. Miller; Walt Disney Company; U 2017 ESTA page vi John (Jack) Miller; I Weiss; CP Rick Montgomery; R MP Reid Neslage; H MP Mark Newlin; Xtreme Structures and Fabrication; MP James Niesel; Arup; DE Richard J. Nix; Steven Schaefer Associates; G Shawn Nolan; Production Resource Group; DR Tra

27、cy Nunnally; Hall Associates Flying Effects; CP Edward A. (Ted) Paget; Daktronics Inc. ; CP Miriam Paschetto; Geiger Engineers; G Rocky Paulson; Freeman Companies; DR Troy Post; R MP Woody Pyeatt; A V Pro, Inc.; DR Gregory Quinkert; Motion Laboratories; CP John Ringelman; Freeman Companies; DR Rick

28、Rosas; Texas Scenic Company; DR Shawn Sack; Columbus McKinnon Corp.; MP Bill Sapsis; Sapsis Rigging, Inc.; U Steven C. Shaw; Aerial Rigging; DR Stephen G. Surratt; Texas Scenic Company; DR Peter V. Svitavsky; Wenger Corp.; CP Harvey Sweet; Electronic Theatre Controls, Inc.; MP Will Todd; Vitec Group

29、 plc; MP Elmer Veith; Total Structures, Inc.; MP Steve Walker; Steve A. Walker G Charlie Weiner; Charlie Weiner; U Michael Wells; Xtreme Structures and Fabrication; MP Marty Wesstrom; Mountain Productions Inc.; DR Jeff Wilkowski; Thern, Inc.; MP Frank Willard; Syracuse Scenery DR R. Duane Wilson; Am

30、er. Society of Theatre Consultants; DE Robert Young; Arup; DE Art Zobal; Columbus McKinnon Corp.; MP Observer (non-voting) members: Brent Armstong; U William Ian Auld; Auld Entertainment; U Warren A. Bacon; U Rinus Bakker; Rhino Rigs B.V.; G Robert Barbagallo; Solotech Inc.; DR Roger Barrett; Star E

31、vents Group Ltd.; DR F. Robert Bauer; F.R. Bauer G Maria Bement; MGM Grand; U Roy Bickel; G Lee J. Bloch; Bloch Design Group, Inc.; G David Bond; Show Restraint Ltd.; U William Bradburn; Aerial Arts, Inc.; U Louis Bradfield; U Buddy Braile; Bestek Lighting U Barry Brazell; U Andr Broucke; Andr Brouc

32、ke; G David M. Campbell; Geiger Engineers; G Michael J. Carnaby; Mikan Theatricals; DR Daniel J. Clark; Clark-Reder Engineering, Inc.; G Ian Coles; Total Structures, Inc.; MP Gregory C. Collis; I.A.T.S.E. Local 16; G 2017 ESTA page vii Randall W. A. Davidson; Risk International U Robert Dean; ZFX Fl

33、ying Inc.; DR Franois Deffarges; Nexo; MP Cristina Delboni; Feeling Structures; MP Jim Digby; Linkin Park Touring/The Collective; U Noga Eilon-Bahar; Eilon Engineering Industrial Weighing Systems; MP James B. Evans; Mountain Productions Inc.; DR Tim Franklin; Theta-Consulting; G Luca Galante; Alfa S

34、ystem Sas; CP Jay O. Glerum; Jay O. Glerum U Rand Goddard; W.E. Palmer Co.; CP Reuben Goldberg; Technic Services; U Thomas M. Granucci; San Diego State University; U Sean Harding; High Output, Inc.; G Greg Hareld; Kleege Industries; U Dean Hart; Freeman Companies; U Ben Hayes; Freedom Flying; G Marc

35、 Hendriks; Prolyte; MP Ted Hickey; OAP Audio Products; MP Chris Higgs; Total Solutions Group; G Daniel Lynn Houser; Real Rigging Solutions, LLC; U Donald Hoffend III; Avista Designs, LLC; G Wes Jenkins; Down Stage Right Industries; CP Peter Johns; Total Structures, Inc.; MP Ted Jones; Chicago Spotli

36、ght, Inc.; U Kent H. Jorgensen; IATSE Local 80; G Donald A. Hoffend_Jr.; Avista Designs, LLC; G Gary Justesen; Oasis Stage Werks; DR John Kaes; John Kaes; U JoAnna Kamorin-Lloyd; Vincent Lighting Systems; U Nevin Kleege; Kleege Industries; U Ken Lager; Pook, Diemont DR Jon Lagerquist; South Coast Re

37、pertory; U Eugene Leitermann; Theatre Projects Consultants, Inc.; G Jon Lenard; Applied Electronics; MP John Van Lennep; Theatrix Inc.; DR Mylan Lester; Creation Logics Ltd.; U Baer Long; Act 1 Rigging Inc.; G Dennis J. Lopez; Automatic Devices Co.; MP Darren Lucier; North Guard Fall protection Inc.

38、; U Sam Lunetta; Michael Andrews; DR Aleksandrs Lupinskis; Real Rigging Solutions, LLC; U Gary Mardling; Kish Rigging; DR Chuck McClelland; Jeamar Winches Inc.; MP Richard C. Mecke; Texas Scenic Company; DR Orestes Mihaly; Production Resource Group; DR Hank Miller; W.E. Palmer Co.; CP Shaun Millingt

39、on; SEW-Eurodrive, Inc.; MP Timothy Mills; Geiger Engineers; G Scott Mohr; R G Martin Moore; Martin Moore; G John “Andrew“ Munro; animaenagerie; U Bob Murphy; Occams Razor Technical Services; G Steve Nelson; Educational Theatre Association; U Rikki Newman; U Michael Patterson; Pook Diemont CP 2017 E

40、STA page viii Rocky Paulson; Freeman Companies; DR G. Anthony Phillips; I.A.T.S.E. Local 16; U Philip J. Pisczak; The National Telephone Supply Company; G Michael Powers; Central Lighting DR Kurt Pragman; Pragman Associates, LLC; G Michael Reed; Reed Rigging, Inc.; DR Mark Riddlesperger; LA ProPoint

41、, Inc.; CP Timo Risku; Akumek; DE Jean-Philippe Robitaille; Show Distribution Group, Inc.; DR Peter A. Scheu; Scheu Consulting Services, Inc.; G Peter “Punch“ Christian Schmidtke ; Hollywood Lighting, Inc.; DR Monica Skjonberg; Skjonberg Controls, Inc.; CP Knut Skjonberg; Skjonberg Controls, Inc.; C

42、P William Scott Sloan; U John C. Snook; Thermotex Industries Inc.; CP Michael L. Savage, Sr.; Middle Dept. Inspection Agency, Inc.; G Rob Stevenson; SEW-Eurodrive, Inc.; MP Joachim Stoecker; CAMCO GmbH; MP Andy Sutton; AFX UK Ltd.; U Katherine Tharp; LA ProPoint, Inc.; CP Stephen Vanciel; U Bill Wat

43、ers; Conductix-Wampfler; MP Michael G. Wiener; Aerial Rigging U Jiantong Wu; Beijing Special Engineering Design G Interest category codes: CP = custom-market producer DE = designer DR = dealer rental company G = general interest MP = mass-market producer U = userANSI E1.2-2012, Entertainment Technol

44、ogy Design, Manufacture and Use of Aluminum Trusses and Towers. Rig/2011-2031r2 page ix CONTENTSCONTENTS ix 1 Scope . 1 2 Definitions 1 3 ENGINEERING 4 3.1 Intent . 4 3.2 Design . 4 3.3 Engineering Analysis . 5 3.4 Engineering Documentation 5 4 MANUFACTURING 5 4.1 Intent . 5 4.2 Material . 5 4.3 Wel

45、ding . 6 4.4 Inspection 6 4.5 Coatings and Surface Finishes . 6 4.6 Identification 6 4.7 User Information . 6 5 USE AND CARE 7 5.1 Intent . 7 5.2 User Information . 7 5.3 Coatings and Surface Finishes . 7 5.4 Applied Loads . 7 5.5 Handling 8 5.6* Erection . 8 6 USER INSPECTION 9 6.1* Intent 9 6.2 In

46、spection Classifications 9 6.3 Inspection Intervals . 9 6.4 Frequent Inspection Procedures . 9 6.5 Periodic Inspection Procedures 10 6.6 Records . 11 6.7 Repairs and Removal from Service 11 Appendix A, Commentary 12An asterisk (*) next to a clause number indicates that there is a matching explanator

47、y clause in the informative Appendix A.ANSI E1.2-2012, Entertainment Technology Design, Manufacture and Use of Aluminum Trusses and Towers. Rig/2011-2031r2 page x FOREWORD (This foreword is not part of the standard. It contains no mandatory requirements.) Prior to the original 2000 version of this s

48、tandard, there were no specific American National Standards covering the design, manufacture and use of aluminum trusses in the entertainment industry. In an attempt to improve safety and standards in the industry, the Entertainment Services and Technology Association (ESTA) convened a series of mee

49、tings to prepare a draft standard. Columbus McKinnon Corporation kindly hosted these meetings at their facilities in Buffalo, New York and Abingdon, Virginia, It is the intention of ESTA that this standard be put forward as the basis for an American National Standard to the American National Standards Institute. It should be noted that other ANSI Standards may be relevant, depending on the application and intended use of the aluminum trusses. The preparation of the standard was entrusted to t