ANSI IEEE 1584A-2004 Guide for Performing Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations-Amendment 1.pdf

1、IEEE Std 1584a-2004(Amendment toIEEE Std 1584-2002)IEEE Standards1584aTMIEEE Guide for Performing Arc-FlashHazard CalculationsAmendment 13 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USAIEEE Industry Applications SocietySponsored by thePetroleum and Chemical Industry CommitteeIEEE Standards29 November 200

2、4Print: SH95280PDF: SS95280The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2004 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 29 November 2004. Printed in the United States of America.IEEE

3、is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educationalclassroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center.NOTEAttention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may requi

4、re use of subjectmatter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the exist-ence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifyingpatents for which a license may be required by an IEEE sta

5、ndard or for conducting inquiries into the legal valid-ity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved. iiiIntroductionThis amendment to IEEE Std 1584-2002 offers guidelines on how to apply the document based on experi-ence gained by users sin

6、ce its publication. As defined by the IEEE operating procedures, a guide is a document in which alternative approaches to goodpractice are suggested, but no clear-cut recommendations are made. This guide is intended to be used onlyby qualified people. The complexities of electrical power system conf

7、igurations and equipment dictate that,like short-circuit studies and protective-device coordination studies, an arc-flash hazard study should only beundertaken by experienced electrical power system engineers or other well-trained professionals. Those whoare not this qualified are encouraged to use

8、a table method to select personal protective equipment (PPE).A set of cautions and disclaimers is provided in the guide and reproduced in the spreadsheet calculator tohelp users understand the limitations in the technology. Proper PPE based on arc-flash hazard calculations ortables is the last line

9、of defense against arc-flash hazards. Other mitigation techniques, as in the followinglist, provide a much better defense. A facility owner and employees working on equipment should be awareof all the limitations. The warning labels in rated PPE help to do this. However, users should recognize thatf

10、ollowing codes, standards, guides, and recommended practices does not guarantee that all arc-flash injurieswill be avoided.De-energizing remains the first choice as a means of achieving an electrically safe working condition andreducing the possibility of injury, but that is not always possible. Als

11、o, incidents have occurred during theaction of de-energizing equipment to create the safe working condition and during switching to reestablishpower. For these occasions, an arc-flash hazard analysis and the institution of a PPE program provide greatvalue in reducing the likelihood of injuries in an

12、 arc flash.These studies may identify equipment where the possible incident energy levels are so high that PPE is notavailable or not recommended. In those cases, operating procedure or engineering design changes may needto be considered to reduce the exposure or incident energy levels. Developing t

13、hese changes is an importantpart of implementing a studys results. Examples of some of these changes include the following: Changing operating procedures to eliminate or minimize the time that two sources of power are tiedtogether Resetting or replacing existing protective devices to get faster faul

14、t clearing times Adding fast operating relays or current-limiting devices to reduce fault clearing times Adding remote racking and operating capability Installing arc-resistant switchgearNotice to usersErrataErrata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:

15、/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL forerrata periodically.(This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1584a-2004, IEEE Guide for Performing Arc-Flash Hazard CalculationsAmendment 1.)iv Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.Interpretat

16、ionsCurrent interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/index.html.PatentsAttention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject mattercovered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no

17、position is taken with respect to the existence orvalidity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifyingpatents or patent applications for which a license may be required to implement an IEEE standard or forconducting inquiries into the legal validit

18、y or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.ParticipantsWhen the IEEE 1584 Working Group approved this amendment, it had the following membership: Craig M. Wellman, ChairL. Bruce McClung, Vice ChairDaleep C. Mohla, SecretaryThe following members of the individual balloting committe

19、e voted on this amendment. Balloters may havevoted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. Donald BaumanAllen H. BinghamJohn CadickMaryCapelli-SchellpfefferDonald ColaberardinoStephen CressD. Ray CrowChet DavisDaniel DoanPaul DobrowskyMike DohertyJohn GallagherTammy GammonGeorge GregoryDennis John

20、sonErnest JonesKenneth S. JonesHerman “Buddy” KempMike LangLonnie LindellKevin LippertHugh LongacreTommy LucasMichael MartinJohn (Jackie) McalhaneyBen McClungMicheal MelnickDoug MillsAdib NasleAli NasleTom NealJohn NelsonDavid A. PaceMelvin K. SandersVince SaporitaBrian SavariaEdwin ScherryRobert Se

21、itzFarrokh ShokoohConrad St. PierreTony StokesAlan TurnerMarcelo ValdesKenneth P. WhiteKathleen WilmerBill WoodsBrian WrightAlonza W BallardLouis A BarriosJames E BowenFrederick BriedKristine K BuchholzDonanld ColaberardinoGary DiTroiaDaniel DoanPaul DobrowskyGary DonnerBruce G DouglasKimberly Eastw

22、oodH Landis FloydGeorge GregoryErling C HeslaJIm D HillStephen H KerrDanny LiggettBruce McClungMichael McNeilDaleep MohlaWilliam MoylanPaul MyersTom NealDaniel NeeserJohn NelsonArt NeubauerT W OlsenDavid PaceLorraine PaddenGiuseppe PariseJohn PropstMelvin SandersVincent SaporitaMary Capelli Schellpf

23、ef-ferDennis ThonsgardMichael ToneyMichael WactorCraig WellmanDonald W. ZipseCopyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved. vWhen the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this amendment on 23 September 2004, it had the followingmembership:Don Wright, ChairSteve M. Mills, Vice ChairJudith Gorman, Secretary*Me

24、mber EmeritusAlso included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons:Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC RepresentativeRichard DeBlasio, DOE RepresentativeAlan Cookson, NIST RepresentativeNoelle D. HumenickIEEE Standards Project EditorChuck AdamsH. Stephen BergerMark D. BowmanJoseph A. Bruder

25、Bob DavisRoberto de BoissonJulian Forster*Arnold M. GreenspanMark S. HalpinRaymond HapemanRichard J. HollemanRichard H. HulettLowell G. JohnsonJoseph L. Koepfinger*Hermann KochThomas J. McGeanDaleep C. MohlaPaul NikolichT. W. OlsenRonald C. PetersenGary S. RobinsonFrank StoneMalcolm V. ThadenDoug To

26、ppingJoe D. Watsonvi Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.Contents5. Model for incident energy calculations . 15.2 Arcing current 15.6 Current-limiting fuses 15.7 Low-voltage circuit breakers . 17. Comparison of arc-flash calculation methods . 27.1 Table method in NFPA 70E-2000 . 2Arc-flash calc

27、ulator 2Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1IEEE Guide for Performing Arc-Flash Hazard CalculationsAmendment 1NOTEThe editing instructions contained in this amendment define how to merge the material contained herein intothe existing base standard and its amendments to form the comprehensive

28、standard.The editing instructions are shown in bold italic. Four editing instructions are used: change, delete, insert,and replace. Change is used to make small corrections in existing text or tables. The editing instructionspecifies the location of the change and describes what is being changed by

29、using strikethrough (to removeall old material) and underscore (to add new material). Delete removes existing material. Insert adds newmaterial without disturbing the existing material. Insertions may require renumbering. If so, renumberinginstructions are given in the editing instruction. Replace i

30、s used to make large changes in existing text, sub-clauses, tables, or figures by removing existing material and replacing it with new material. Editorial noteswill not be carried over into future editions because the changes will be incorporated into the base standard.5. Model for incident energy c

31、alculations5.2 Arcing currentChange the last paragraph in 5.2 to the following:For applications with a system voltage under 1000 V, calculate a second arc current equal to 85% of Ia, sothat a second arc duration can be determined (see 9.10.4).5.6 Current-limiting fusesInsert the following sentence a

32、s the third sentence:Where applicable, these formulae should be used as opposed to the formulae in 5.2 and 5.3. 5.7 Low-voltage circuit breakers Add a sentence at the end of the first paragraph:Where the time-current curves are available, the equations in 5.2 and 5.3 are preferred.IEEEStd 1584a-2004

33、2 Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.Where the time-current curves are available, the equations in 5.2 and 5.3 are preferred.7. Comparison of arc-flash calculation methods7.1 Table method in NFPA 70E-2004Change 7.1, as shown in the following text:The simplest One method for determining PPE req

34、uirements for arc-flash protection is to use the tables inNFPA 70E-2004. These tables give instant answers and require almost no field data provide guidance fordetermination of hazard risk categories and PPE requirements for various common tasks. It should be notedthat these tables are for specific

35、fault currents and specific clearing times as stipulated in notes at the end ofthe tables. and the tables do not cover all applications or installations of electrical equipment. While thesetables are intended to be conservative for most applications, they may not enable the user to select adequatepr

36、otection.Arc-flash calculator (provided with IEEE Std 1584-2002 as a separate file embedded ina spreadsheet program)Change the formula in the I24 cell of the data-normal sheet in the arc-flash calculator to the following,then repeat the change down the column for each row:=IF(AND(B241,O24=0),(E24/C24)*POWER(10,X24),“Not required“)The formula, which found 85% of the arcing current, did not reflect the possible reduced current in the pro-tective device. The ratio E24/C24 was missing.