ANSI IEEE 664-1993 Guide for Laboratory Measurement of the Power Dissipation Characteristics of Aeolian Vibration Dampers for Single Conductors.pdf

1、The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2394, USACopyright 1993 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 1993. Printed in the United States of AmericaISBN 1-55937-366-0No part of this publ

2、ication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE Std 664-1993 (R2007)(Revision of IEEE Std 664-1980)IEEE Guide for Laboratory Measurement of the Power Dissipation Characteristics of Aeolian Vibration Dam

3、pers for Single ConductorsSponsorTransmission and Distribution Committeeof theIEEE Power Engineering SocietyReaffirmed September 26, 2007Approved September 15, 1993IEEE Standards BoardAbstract: The current methodologies, including apparatus, procedures, and measurement accura-cies, for determining t

4、he dynamic characteristics of vibration dampers and damping systems aredescribed. Some basic guidance is provided regarding a given methods strengths and weakness-es. The methodologies and procedures described are applicable to indoor testing only.Keywords: aeolian, decay method, forced response met

5、hod, inverse standing wave ratio (ISWR)method, overhead conductors, power dissipation characteristics, power method, vibration dampersIEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Committees of theIEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE StandardsBoard. Memb

6、ers of the committees serve voluntarily and without compensation.They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The standards developed withinIEEE represent a consensus of the broad expertise on the subject within the Instituteas well as those activities outside of IEEE that have expressed an in

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13、e matter has previously received formal consideration. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to:Secretary, IEEE Standards Board445 Hoes LaneP.O. Box 1331Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331USAIEEE Standards documents are adopted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic

14、sEngineers without regard to whether their adoption may involve patents on articles,materials, or processes. Such adoption does not assume any liability to any patentowner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the standardsdocuments.iiiIntroduction(This introduction is not

15、a part of IEEE Std 664-1993, IEEE Guide for Laboratory Measurement of the Power Dissipa-tion Characteristics of Aeolian Vibration Dampers for Single Conductors.)This guide describes current methodologies for the testing of vibration dampers in the laboratory. Includedwithin the scope are specific de

16、scriptions of the apparatus, procedures, and measurement accuracies for thetesting of vibration dampers.At the time this guide was completed, the Working Group on Overhead Conductor Dynamics had the follow-ing membership:Dale Douglass, Chair John Torok, Vice ChairThomas J. Alderton Claude Hardy Jerr

17、y RedingJames E. Applequist D. G. Havard A. S. RichardsonE. H. Bennett J. H. Mallory Neil P. SchmidtW. L. Calhoun A. R. McCulloch Tapani O. SeppaDennis Doss Maurice Murphy Paul SpringerEd Dziedzic Ron Oedemann Ken W. SteeleJohn E. Flynn M. A. Pasha David SunkleTin Fong J. C. Pohlman J. Ridley Thrash

18、Kenneth Griffing Douglass O. Proctor H. Brian WhitePeter Hagerdorn P. D. Quinn William ZollarsC. B. RawlinsAt the time this guide was completed, the Task Group on the Revision of IEEE Std 664 had the followingmembership:John Torok, ChairDale Douglass A. S. Richardson Paul SpringerDenis Noiseux David

19、 SunkleThe following persons were on the balloting committee:James E. Applequist George G. Karady R. J. PiwkoJames J. Burke Nestor Kolcio J. PoffenbergerVernon L. Chartier Thomas J. McDermott W. Edward ReidDale Douglass Franklin D. Myers Dennis ReisingerEdwin J. “Tip” Goodwin G. B. Niles Neil P. Sch

20、midtI. S. Grant Stig L. Nilsson B. R. ShperlingJ. G. Kappenman J. M. Van NameivWhen the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on September 15, 1993, it had the followingmembership:Wallace S. Read, Chair Donald C. Loughry, Vice ChairAndrew G. Salem, SecretaryGilles A. Baril Jim Isaak Don T. Mic

21、hael*Jos A. Berrios de la Paz Ben C. Johnson Marco W. MigliaroClyde R. Camp Walter J. Karplus L. John RankineDonald C. Fleckenstein Lorraine C. Kevra Arthur K. ReillyJay Forster* E. G. “Al” Kiener Ronald H. ReimerDavid F. Franklin Ivor N. Knight Gary S. RobinsonRamiro Garcia Joseph L. Koepfinger* Le

22、onard L. TrippDonald N. Heirman D. N. “Jim” Logothetis Donald W. Zipse*Member EmeritusAlso included are the following nonvoting IEEE Standards Board liaisons:Satish K. AggarwalJames BeallRichard B. EngelmanDavid E. SoffrinStanley I. WarshawValerie E. ZelentyIEEE Standards Project EditorvContentsCLAU

23、SE PAGE1. Scope 12. Definitions . 13. General technical considerations . 24. Test methods and procedures using a conductor test span 24.1 Test span arrangement and general procedures . 24.2 ISWR method 64.3 Power method 94.4 Decay method 105. Forced response method 125.1 Apparatus and accuracy. 125.

24、2 Test procedure 126. Reporting and procedural recommendations . 137. Bibliography 16Annex List of symbols. 171IEEE Guide for Laboratory Measurement of the Power Dissipation Characteristics of Aeolian Vibration Dampers for Single Conductors1. ScopeThe purpose of this guide is to describe the current

25、 methodologies, including apparatus, procedures, andmeasurement accuracies, for the testing of vibration dampers. In addition, some basic guidance is also pro-vided to inform the potential user of a given methods strengths and weaknesses (see clause 6).Due to the variety of vibration damper designs,

26、 more than one test method may be required to obtain the nec-essary information on dissipation characteristics. This guide is written to describe some of the proceduresfor determining the dynamic characteristics of vibration dampers and damping systems. It is hoped that itwill assist in the standard

27、ization of the methods included as well as result in providing a more detailed per-spective in obtaining reliable information on a vibration dampers dissipation characteristics. Please notethat the methodologies and procedures incorporated in this guide are applicable to indoor testing only andare i

28、n no way associated with the field testing of vibration dampers. By using the appropriate technique(s)outlined, data can be acquired that can be utilized in the application of dampers; however, this topic is con-sidered beyond the scope of this guide. In general, it is hoped that this guide will pro

29、vide an improved under-standing of vibration testing procedures.2. Definitions2.1 decay test method: A test that determines the power dissipation characteristics of a damper by themeasurement of the decay rate of the amplitude of motion of a span following a period of forced vibration ata natural fr

30、equency and a fixed test amplitude.2.2 dynamics characteristics test: See: forced response test method.2.3 forced response test method: A test that determines the power dissipation characteristics of a damperby the measurement of the force and velocity imparted to a damper that is mounted directly o

31、n the shaker.2.4 inverse standing wave ratio test method: A test that determines the power dissipation characteristicsof a damper by the measurement of antinodal and nodal amplitudes on the span at each tunable harmonic.2.5 power test method: A test that determines the power dissipation characterist

32、ics of a damper by themeasurement of the force and velocity imparted to the test span at the point of attachment to the shaker.IEEEStd 664-1993 IEEE GUIDE FOR LABORATORY MEASUREMENT OF THE POWER DISSIPATION23. General technical considerations The basic engineering approach to the control of vibratio

33、n of overhead conductors is to compare the totalpower dissipation characteristics of vibration dampers and of the conductor itself to the projected windpower input to the conductor span. The wind power input can be estimated by using the techniques describedin B1, B2, and B5.1The power lost to self-

34、damping in conventional conductors can be obtained usingthe methods described in IEEE Std 563-1978 B7. For a given conductor span at a given frequency andexcitation level, the difference between the wind power input and the conductor self-damping is the amountof power that ideally should be dissipat

35、ed by the vibration damper B10.This guide is written to quantify the power dissipation characteristics of vibration dampers by applying anappropriate laboratory test method. The four test methods provided in this guide are: Inverse Standing WaveRatio (ISWR), Power, Decay, and Forced Response. It is

36、understood that the methods outlined here may notbe all inclusive and that the development of new methodologies is strongly encouraged. Since there is a vari-ety of damping devices currently commercially available, the appropriateness of the method selected and thequalification/disqualification of a

37、 given product are left strictly up to the end user. In addition, this document is intended as a guide to the practical and economical principal methods that havebeen usefully applied in the past, and which merit consideration by those contemplating the measurement ofthe dissipation characteristics

38、of vibration dampers. A more detailed survey of previously used methods,along with a discussion of errors associated with the laboratory testing environment, can be found in B9.4. Test methods and procedures using a conductor test spanThis clause will outline the methods and procedures for tests usi

39、ng a conductor span B11, B12. The gen-eral apparatus described here will apply to the ISWR, Power, and Decay methods. The methodology andprocedures for the Forced Response method do not require the use of a conductor test span and are providedin clause 5.4.1 Test span arrangement and general procedu

40、resThe test spans construction should be as shown in figure 1. The shakers placement and free span lengthmay affect the number of measurements that can be performed on conductors. For example, it is recom-mended that a minimum of two loops be utilized to obtain satisfactory measurements (three loops

41、 for theISWR method). Considering current typical test span lengths, the testing on large conductors may require ahigher starting frequency than would normally be requested due to insufficient free span length. In addition,for small diameter conductors and shield wires, conditions may arise where a

42、loop will form between theshaker and its nearest termination within the specified test frequency range. This may cause erroneous testresults at these measurement points, thereby leading to discontinuity in the data. This does not nullify theentire test, but rather leaves the overall test subject to

43、interpretation. Some recommendations for the shakersplacement to minimize some of these phenomena are provided in 4.1.3. To ensure test tension stability, test-ing should be performed in an area where the ambient temperature can be controlled within 1 C.4.1.1 Span terminationsThe test span should ha

44、ve the capability of maintaining a constant test tension. 1The numbers in brackets correspond to those in the bibliography in clause 7.IEEECHARACTERISTICS OF AEOLIAN VIBRATION DAMPERS FOR SINGLE CONDUCTORS Std 664-19933Hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders, springs, and pivotal balance beams have been u

45、sed successfully. A rigidnonarticulating clamp similar to that shown in figure 2 should be used to minimize termination energy dissi-pation. Examples of typical termination designs are provided in IEEE Std 563-1978 B7. Terminating fix-tures and rigid clamps should be of sufficient stiffness to ensur

46、e that losses do not occur beyond the testspans extremities. If there is uncertainty about this, care should be taken in assessing these energy losses,and they should be accounted for in the final results. Termination losses can be verified using the methodsoutlined in B8. The termination supports s

47、hould not be used to maintain tension on the span.4.1.2 Test conductor conditioningAll excessive looseness in the strand layers of the test conductor should be worked out. If compression endfittings are used, then they should be reverse compressed to prevent looseness from being worked back intothe

48、span. The stress of the span should be relieved by holding it at the highest tension at which the testing isto be performed for a minimum of 12 hours.4.1.3 ShakerThe shaker utilized should be able to provide a sinusoidal force to the test span. The shakers input rangeshould be sufficient to induce t

49、he range of span amplitudes and frequencies required. Input amplitudes andfrequencies should be controllable to an accuracy of 2% and input frequencies should be stable within0.1%.The armature of the drive unit can be connected to the test span either rigidly or by the use of a “soft” or non-rigid connection. Rigidly affixing the shaker has a tendency to create distortion in the standing wave vibra-tion. Care should be taken when establishing span resonance to minimize this effect. The use of a “soft”connection generally reduces distortion of the