ANSI IEEE C37.011-2011 Guide for the Application of Transient Recovery Voltage for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers《交流高压断路器瞬时恢复电压的应用指南》.pdf

1、g3IEEETranHighg3SponsoreSwitchgeIEEE 3 Park AvenNew York, USA 28 Nov 201IEEE PIEEE StdIEEE StdGuidsient-Voltd by the ear Commue NY 10016-51 ower +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clear

2、ance Center. iv Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C37.011-2011, IEEE Guide for the Application of Transient Recovery Voltage for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers. This application guide has been revised to align the new transient recover

3、y voltage (TRV) requirements introduced in IEEE Std C37.04b and IEEE Std C37.06.aThe main changes implemented in this guide concern the following: g127 Presentation of classes S1 and S2 for circuit breakers with rated maximum voltages less than 100 kV g127 Revision of 4.2.1 to better explain the int

4、erpolation of TRVs for interrupting currents between 30% and 60% of rating g127 Revision of 4.2.4 on line faults that is expanded and updated, using mainly the work done by CIGRE WG A3-19 (see CIGRE Technical Brochure 408 B5b) g127 Expansion of 4.4.2 on reactor limited faults Notice to users Laws an

5、d regulations Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable re

6、gulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made available for a wide variety of both

7、public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the IEE

8、E does not waive any rights in copyright to this document. aInformation on references can be found in Clause 2. bThe numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex D. v Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. Updating of IEEE documents Users of IEEE standards should be aware

9、that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any amendment

10、s, corrigenda, or errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE Standards Association web site at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp, or c

11、ontact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA web site at http:/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL:

12、 http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds/interps/index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility tha

13、t implementation of this guide may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this guide, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims fo

14、r which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Claims or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discri

15、minatory. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. vi Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights

16、reserved. Participants At the time this guide was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the Revision of IEEE C37.011 Working Group had the following membership: Denis L. Dufournet, Chair Roy Alexander Michael Anderson Mauricio Aristizabal George Becker W. J. (Bill) Bergman Stan Bill

17、ings Anne Bosma Arben Bufi Gilbert Carmona Patrick DiLillo Kenneth Edwards Helmut Heiermeier Jingxuan (Joanne) Hu Stephen Lambert Jim van de Ligt Hua Y. Liu Georges F. Montillet Jeffrey Nelson Mirko Palazzo Roderick Sauls Devki Sharma Michael Skidmore John Toney Keith Wallace Xi Zhu The following me

18、mbers of the individual balloting committee voted on this guide. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. William J. Ackerman Michael Anderson Mauricio Aristizabal Ficheux Arnaud Peter Balma Thomas Barnes Robert Barnett G. Bartok George Becker Robert Behl W. J. (Bill) Bergm

19、an Stan Billings Frank Blalock William Bloethe Antone Bonner Anne Bosma Jeffrey Bragg Steven Brown Ted Burse Eldridge Byron Gilbert Carmona Chih Chow Jerry Corkran Michael Crawford John Crouse Alireza Daneshpooy Gary Donner Randall Dotson Denis Dufournet Edgar Dullni Donald Dunn Douglas Edwards Kenn

20、eth Edwards Gary Engmann James Fairris Marcel Fortin Mietek Glinkowski William Goldbach Edwin Goodwin Keith Gray Thomas Grebe Randall C. Groves Helmut Heiermeier Gary Heuston E. Horgan Randy Horton Jingxuan (Joanne) Hu R. Jackson Andrew Jones Laszlo Kadar Gael Kennedy Yuri Khersonsky James Kinney Jo

21、seph L. Koepfinger Jim Kulchisky Saumen Kundu Carl Kurinko Chung-Yiu Lam Stephen Lambert John Leach Hua Y. Liu Peter Meyer Georges F. Montillet Arun Narang Jeffrey Nelson Michael S. Newman Joe Nims Ted Olsen Miklos Orosz Mirko Palazzo David Peelo Iulian Profir Johannes Rickmann Michael Roberts Charl

22、es Rogers Tim Rohrer Thomas Rozek Steven Sano Roderick Sauls Bartien Sayogo Devki Sharma Gil Shultz Hyeong Sim Michael Skidmore H. Smith James Smith Jerry Smith R. Kirkland Smith Gary Stoedter David Stone Michael Swearingen Norbert Trapp Joe Uchiyama John Vergis Waldemar Von Miller John Wang John We

23、bb James Wilson Larry Yonce Richard York Xi Zhu vii Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this guide on 31 October 2011, it had the following membership: Richard H. Hulett, Chair John Kulick, Vice Chair Robert M. Grow, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary

24、 Masayuki Ariyoshi William Bartley Ted Burse Clint Chaplin Wael Diab Jean-Philippe Faure Alexander Gelman Paul Houz Jim Hughes Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Thomas Lee Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen Gary Robinson Jon Walter Rosdahl Sam Sciacca Mike Seavey Curtis Siller Phil Winston Howard L.

25、 Wolfman Don Wright *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Representative Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Julie Alessi IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Erin Spi

26、ewak IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development viii Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 2. Normative references 2 3. Transient recovery voltage . 2 3.1 General 2 3.2 Effect of circuit breaker on transient recovery voltage 3

27、 3.3 Method of rating and application. 3 4. Application considerations . 7 4.1 General 7 4.2 Circuit-breaker capability 10 4.3 Exponential (overdamped) TRV 38 4.4 Oscillatory (underdamped) TRV . 40 4.5 Applications where breaker capability is exceeded .50 Annex A (informative) TRV calculation techni

28、ques 51 Annex B (informative) Typical capacitance values for various equipment 73 Annex C (informative) Selection of the first pole-to-clear factors and factors for second and third pole to clear. 80 Annex D (informative) Bibliography . 86 1 Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Guide for t

29、he Application of Transient Recovery Voltage for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protection. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental,

30、 and health practices or regulatory requirements. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Not

31、ices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This application guide covers procedures and calculations necessary to apply the standard transient recovery voltage (TRV)

32、 ratings for ac high-voltage circuit breakers rated above 1000 V. The breaking capability limits of these circuit breakers are determined to a great degree by the TRV. This application guide is not included in other existing circuit-breaker standards. In this document, the TRV ratings are compared w

33、ith typical system TRV duties. Examples of TRV calculation are given with suggested options if the TRV duty exceeds the TRV ratings of the circuit breaker. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of this standard is to provide an application guide on the TRV ratings given in IEEE Std C37.041for ac high-voltage circ

34、uit breakers rated on a symmetrical current basis. Definitions, rating structure, test procedures, and preferred transient voltage ratings and related required capabilities are included in IEEE Std C37.04, IEEE Std C37.06, IEEE Std C37.09, and ANSI C37.06.1. IEEE Std C37.010 applies in other respect

35、s to these circuit breakers. 1Information on references can be found in Clause 2. IEEE C37.011-2011 IEEE Guide for the Application of Transient Recovery Voltage for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers 2 Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents

36、 are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the r

37、eferenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. ANSI C37.06.1, American National Standard Guide for High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on Symmetrical Current Basis Designated Definite Purpose for Fast Transient Recovery Voltage Rise Times.2IEEE Std C37.04, IEEE Standard Rating

38、Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers.3,4IEEE Std C37.04b, IEEE Standard Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basisg650Amendment 2: To Change the Description of Transient Recovery Voltage for Harmonization with IEC 62271-100. IEEE Std C37.06,

39、IEEE Standard for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basisg650Preferred Ratings and Related Required Capabilities for Voltages above 1000 V.IEEE C37.09, IEEE Standard Test Procedure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis. IEEE Std C37.0

40、10, IEEE Application Guide for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis. 3. Transient recovery voltage 3.1 General The recovery voltage is the voltage that appears across the terminals of a pole of a circuit breaker after interruption. This voltage may be considered in t

41、wo successive time intervals: one during which a transient voltage exists (TRV), followed by a second during which a power-frequency voltage alone exists. During the interruption process the arc rapidly loses conductivity as the instantaneous current approaches zero. Within a few microseconds after

42、current zero, current stops flowing in the circuit. The power system response to current interruption generates the TRV. TRV is the difference in the power system response voltages on the source side and on the load side of the circuit breaker. The nature of the TRV is dependent on the circuit being

43、 interrupted, whether primarily resistive, capacitive, or inductive (or some combination). Additionally, distributed and lumped circuit elements will produce different TRV waveshapes. In principle, the response of the load side and source side of the circuit breaker can be analyzed separately and th

44、e results subtracted point by point on a time line. The driving voltage is the instantaneous power-frequency voltage across the circuit elements at the instant of current interruption. The breaking operation is successful if the circuit breaker is able to withstand the TRV and the power-frequency re

45、covery voltage. 2ANSI publications are available from the Customer Service Department, American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA (http:/www.ansi.org/). 3IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445

46、Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (http:/standards.ieee.org/). 4The IEEE standards or products referred to in Clause 2 are trademarks owned by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Incorporated. IEEE C37.011-2011 IEEE Guide for the Application of Transient Recovery Voltage for AC

47、 High-Voltage Circuit Breakers 3 Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. TRVs can be oscillatory, triangular, or exponential, and can occur as a combination of these forms. The most severe oscillatory or exponential recovery voltages tend to occur across the first pole to open of a circuit breaker

48、 interrupting a three-phase symmetrical fault at its terminal when the system voltage is maximum. (See Annex C for more information on the TRV and power-frequency recovery voltage applied on each pole while interrupting a three-phase terminal fault.) The triangular recovery voltages are associated w

49、ith line faults. The initial rate of rise of the recovery voltages for line faults becomes greater the closer the fault is to the circuit breaker; however, the magnitude of this line-side triangular wave decreases as the rate of rise increases. Generally, the source recovery voltage is much slower and only the triangular recovery voltage is effective in the early time period of the TRV. The amplitude of the recovery voltages for these line faults is determined on a single-phase basis during their early time periods. By definition, TRV values defined in the