ANSI INCITS ISO 19113-2002 Geographic information Quality principles.pdf

1、 Reference numberISO 19113:2002(E)ISO 2002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO19113First edition2002-12-01Geographic information Quality principles Information gographique Principes qualit Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard.Date of

2、 ANSI Approval: 7/7/2003Published by American National Standards Institute,25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036Copyright 2003 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI).All rights reserved.These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (I

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9、-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2002 All rights reservedISO 19113:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance . 1 3 Normative references . 1 4 Terms and definitions. 2 5 Principles for describing the

10、quality of geographic data . 4 5.1 Components of data quality description 4 5.2 Data quality elements and data quality subelements . 5 5.3 Data quality overview elements. 7 6 Identifying the quality of geographic information . 8 6.1 Identifying quantitative quality information . 8 6.2 Identifying no

11、n-quantitative quality information . 10 7 Reporting quality information 10 7.1 Reporting quantitative quality information 10 7.2 Reporting non-quantitative quality information 10 Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite 11 Annex B (informative) Data quality concepts and their use. 14 Annex C (informa

12、tive) Data quality elements, data quality subelements and data quality overview elements. 19 ISO 19113:2002(E) iv ISO 2002 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prep

13、aring International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in

14、liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task

15、of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention

16、is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 19113 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics. ISO 19113:2002(E) I

17、SO 2002 All rights reserved vIntroduction Geographic datasets are increasingly being shared, interchanged and used for purposes other than their producers intended ones. Information about the quality of available geographic datasets is vital to the process of selecting a dataset in that the value of

18、 data is directly related to its quality. Data users confront situations requiring different levels of data quality. Extremely accurate data is required by some data users for certain needs and less accurate data are sufficient for other needs. Information about the quality of geographic data is bec

19、oming a decisive factor for its utilization as technological advances allow the collection and use of geographic datasets whose quality can exceed that which is needed and requested by data users. The purpose of describing the quality of geographic data is to facilitate the selection of the geograph

20、ic dataset best suited to application needs or requirements. Complete descriptions of the quality of a dataset will encourage the sharing, interchange and use of appropriate geographic datasets. A geographic dataset can be viewed as a commodity or product. Information on the quality of geographic da

21、ta allows a data producer or vendor to validate how well a dataset meets the criteria set forth in its product specification and assists a data user in determining a products ability to satisfy the requirements for their particular application. The objective of this International Standard is to prov

22、ide principles for describing the quality for geographic data and concepts for handling quality information for geographic data. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19113:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1Geographic information Quality principles 1 Scope This International Standard establishes the princi

23、ples for describing the quality of geographic data and specifies components for reporting quality information. It also provides an approach to organizing information about data quality. This International Standard is applicable to data producers providing quality information to describe and assess h

24、ow well a dataset meets its mapping of the universe of discourse as specified in the product specification, formal or implied, and to data users attempting to determine whether or not specific geographic data is of sufficient quality for their particular application. This International Standard shou

25、ld be considered by organizations involved in data acquisition and purchase, in such a way that it makes it possible to fulfil the intentions of the product specification. It can additionally be used for defining application schemas and describing quality requirements. As well as being applicable to

26、 digital geographic data, the principles of this International Standard can be extended to identify, collect and report the quality information for a geographic dataset, its principles can be extended and used to identify, collect and report quality information for a dataset series or smaller groupi

27、ngs of data that are a subset of a dataset. Although this International Standard is applicable to digital geographic data, its principles can be extended to many other forms of geographic data such as maps, charts and textual documents. This International Standard does not attempt to define a minimu

28、m acceptable level of quality for geographic data. 2 Conformance Any product claiming conformance with this International Standard shall pass all the requirements described in the abstract test suite presented in Annex A. 3 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable fo

29、r the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 19108:2002, Geographic information Temporal schema ISO 19109:1), Geographic information Rules for ap

30、plication schema ISO 19114:1), Geographic information Quality evaluation procedures ISO 19115:1), Geographic information Metadata 1) To be published. ISO 19113:2002(E) 2 ISO 2002 All rights reserved4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

31、4.1 accuracy closeness of agreement between a test result and the accepted reference value ISO 3534-1 NOTE A test result can be observations or measurements. 4.2 conformance fulfilment of specified requirements ISO 19105 4.3 conformance quality level threshold value or set of threshold values for da

32、ta quality results used to determine how well a dataset meets the criteria set forth in its product specification or user requirements ISO 19114 4.4 data quality date date or range of dates on which a data quality measure is applied 4.5 data quality element quantitative component documenting the qua

33、lity of a dataset ISO 19101 NOTE The applicability of a data quality element to a dataset depends on both the datasets content and its product specification, the result being that all data quality elements may not be applicable to all datasets. 4.6 data quality evaluation procedure operation(s) used

34、 in applying and reporting quality evaluation methods and their results 4.7 data quality measure evaluation of a data quality subelement EXAMPLE The percentage of the values of an attribute that are correct. 4.8 data quality overview element non-quantitative component documenting the quality of a da

35、taset ISO 19101 NOTE Information about the purpose, usage and lineage of a dataset is non-quantitative quality information. 4.9 data quality result value or set of values resulting from applying a data quality measure or the outcome of evaluating the obtained value or set of values against a specifi

36、ed conformance quality level EXAMPLE A data quality result of “90” with a data quality value type of “percentage” reported for the data quality element and its data quality subelement “completeness, commission” is an example of a value resulting from applying a data quality measure to the data speci

37、fied by a data quality scope. A data quality result of “true” with a data quality value type of “boolean variable” is an example of comparing the value (90) against a specified acceptable conformance quality level (85) and reporting an evaluation of a kind, pass or fail. 4.10 data quality scope exte

38、nt or characteristic(s) of the data for which quality information is reported ISO 19113:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 3NOTE A data quality scope for a dataset can comprise a dataset series to which the dataset belongs, the dataset itself, or a smaller grouping of data located physically withi

39、n the dataset sharing common characteristics. Common characteristics can be an identified feature type, feature attribute, or feature relationship; data collection criteria; original source; or a specified geographic or temporal extent. 4.11 data quality subelement component of a data quality elemen

40、t describing a certain aspect of that data quality element 4.12 data quality value type value type for reporting a data quality result EXAMPLE “boolean variable”, “percentage”, “ratio” NOTE A data quality value type is always provided for a data quality result. 4.13 data quality value unit value uni

41、t for reporting a data quality result EXAMPLE “metre” NOTE A data quality value unit is provided only when applicable for a data quality result. 4.14 dataset identifiable collection of data ISO 19115 NOTE A dataset may be a smaller grouping of data which, though limited by some constraint such as sp

42、atial extent or feature type, is located physically within a larger dataset. Theoretically, a dataset may be as small as a single feature or feature attribute contained within a larger dataset. 4.15 dataset series collection of datasets sharing the same product specification ISO 19115 4.16 feature a

43、bstraction of real world phenomena ISO 19101 NOTE A feature may occur as a type or an instance. Feature type or feature instance should be used when only one is meant. 4.17 feature attribute characteristic of a feature ISO 19101 NOTE A feature attribute has a name, a data type and a value domain ass

44、ociated with it. A feature attribute for a feature instance also has an attribute value taken from the value domain. 4.18 feature operation operation that every instance of a feature type may perform ISO 19110 EXAMPLE 1 An operation upon the feature type “dam” is to raise the dam. The result of this

45、 operation is to raise the level of water in a reservoir. EXAMPLE 2 An operation by the feature type “dam” might be to block vessels from navigating along a watercourse. NOTE Feature operations provide a basis for feature type definitions. ISO 19113:2002(E) 4 ISO 2002 All rights reserved4.19 metadat

46、a data about data ISO 19115 4.20 product specification description of the universe of discourse and a specification for mapping the universe of discourse to a dataset 4.21 quality totality of characteristics of a product that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs ISO 19101 4.22 uni

47、verse of discourse view of the real or hypothetical world that includes everything of interest ISO 19101 5 Principles for describing the quality of geographic data 5.1 Components of data quality description This International Standard can be used when identifying and reporting quality information; e

48、valuating the quality of a dataset; developing product specifications and user requirements; specifying application schemas. ISO 19114 and ISO 19115 describe schemas for reporting quality information. ISO 19114 provides the framework for evaluating the quality of a dataset. ISO 19109 describes the d

49、evelopment of application schemas. A quality description can be applied to a dataset series, a dataset or a smaller grouping of data located physically within the dataset sharing common characteristics so that its quality can be evaluated. The quality of a dataset shall be described using two components: data quality elements; data quality overview elements. Data quality elements, together with data quality subelements and the descriptors of a data quality subelement, describe how well a datase