ANSI INCITS ISO 19115-2-2009 Geographic information - Metadata - Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data.pdf

1、 INCITS/ISO 19115-2-20092009 (ISO 19115-2-2009, IDT) Geographic information Metadata Part 2: Extensions for imagery and gridded data INCITS/ISO 19115-2-20092009 PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed

2、 but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in th

3、is area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for

4、 use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard. Date of ANSI Approval: 6/23/20

5、09 Published by American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036 Copyright 2009 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). All rights reserved. These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), Internationa

6、l Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). Not for resale. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ITI. All

7、requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. Printed in the United States of America ii ITIC 2009 All rights reserved INCITS/ISO 19115-2-20092009 ITIC 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Conform

8、ance .1 2.1 Conformance requirements .1 2.2 Metadata profiles.1 3 Normative references1 4 Terms and definitions .2 5 Symbols and abbreviated terms5 5.1 Abbreviations.5 5.2 UML notations5 5.3 UML model relationships6 5.4 UML model stereotypes7 6 Imagery and gridded data metadata8 6.1 Metadata for geo

9、spatial imagery and gridded data requirement .8 6.2 Imagery and gridded data metadata packages 8 6.3 Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams .12 6.4 Data dictionary.12 Annex A (normative) Imagery and gridded data metadata schemas 13 Annex B (normative) Imagery and gridded data metadata data diction

10、ary22 Annex C (normative) Conformance 40 Bibliography43 INCITS/ISO 19115-2-20092009 iv ITIC 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standa

11、rds is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also tak

12、e part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is

13、 to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibilit

14、y that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 19115-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics. ISO 19115 consists of the following parts,

15、under the general title Geographic information Metadata: Geographic information Metadata Part 2: Extensions for imagery and gridded data INCITS/ISO 19115-2-20092009 ITIC 2009 All rights reserved vIntroduction Imagery and gridded data are important information sources and products used within a geosp

16、atial environment by geographic information systems. The production of imagery and gridded data follows one or more process chains that begin with remote sensing data, scanned maps, field data collection or other sensing methods and end with the creation of the end data products. The production proc

17、ess needs to be documented in order to maintain quality control over the end products. In addition, metadata about the geometry of the measuring process and the properties of the measuring equipment need to be retained with the raw data in order to support the production process. Within the suite of

18、 ISO geographic information standards, ISO 19115 defines the guidelines for describing geographic information and services. While the ISO 19115 metadata model does provide some provisions for imagery and gridded data, the requirements were not fully developed at the time ISO 19115:2003 was drafted.

19、To permit the development of ISO 19115 to proceed, inclusion of metadata definitions for imagery and gridded data was deferred until the framework for these data was more fully specified within the suite of ISO geographic information standards. Additionally, other standards that implement metadata f

20、or imagery and gridded data have been surveyed and are described in ISO/TR 19121. The object of this part of ISO 19115 is to provide the additional structure to more extensively describe the derivation of geographic imagery and gridded data. This structure is intended to augment ISO 19115. AMERICAN

21、NATIONAL STANDARD INCITS/ISO 19115-2-20092009 ITIC 2009 All rights reserved 1Geographic information Metadata Part 2: Extensions for imagery and gridded data 1 Scope This part of ISO 19115 extends the existing geographic metadata standard by defining the schema required for describing imagery and gri

22、dded data. It provides information about the properties of the measuring equipment used to acquire the data, the geometry of the measuring process employed by the equipment, and the production process used to digitize the raw data. This extension deals with metadata needed to describe the derivation

23、 of geographic information from raw data, including the properties of the measuring system, and the numerical methods and computational procedures used in the derivation. The metadata required to address coverage data in general is addressed sufficiently in the general part of ISO 19115. 2 Conforman

24、ce 2.1 Conformance requirements Metadata shall be provided as specified in Clause 6 and Annexes A and B of this part of ISO 19115 and ISO 19115:2003, Clause 6 and Annexes A and B. User-defined metadata extensions to this part of ISO 19115 shall be defined and provided as specified in ISO 19115:2003,

25、 Annex C. Any metadata claiming conformance with this part of ISO 19115 shall pass the requirements described in Annex C of this part of ISO 19115 and the abstract test suite presented in ISO 19115:2003, Annex D. 2.2 Metadata profiles Any profile conforming to this part of ISO 19115 shall conform to

26、 the rules for creating a profile given in ISO 19115:2003, C.6. 3 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documen

27、t (including any amendments) applies. ISO/TS 19103:2005, Geographic information Conceptual schema language ISO 19107:2003, Geographic information Spatial schema ISO 19115:2003, Geographic information Metadata ISO/TS 19139:2007, Geographic information Metadata XML schema implementation INCITS/ISO 191

28、15-2-20092009 2 ITIC 2009 All rights reserved4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 19115:2003 and the following apply. 4.1 attribute named property of an entity ISO/IEC 2382-17:1999 NOTE Describes a geometrical, topological, thematic, or ot

29、her characteristic of an entity. 4.2 band range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation that produce a single response by a sensing device ISO/TS 19101-2:2008 4.3 class description of a set of objects that share the same attributes, operations, methods, relationships, and semantics ISO/TS 19103:

30、2005 4.4 coverage feature that acts as a function to return values from its range for any direct position within its spatial, temporal or spatiotemporal domain ISO 19123:2005 EXAMPLE Examples include a raster image, polygon overlay, or digital elevation matrix 4.5 data reinterpretable representation

31、 of information in a formalised manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing ISO/IEC 2382-1:1993 4.6 data type specification of a value domain with operations allowed on values in this domain ISO/TS 19103:2005 4.7 dataset identifiable collection of data ISO 19115:2003 4.8 dataset

32、 series collection of datasets sharing the same product specification ISO 19115:2003 4.9 domain well-defined set ISO/TS 19103:2005 INCITS/ISO 19115-2-20092009 ITIC 2009 All rights reserved 34.10 event action which occurs at an instant ISO 19108:2002 4.11 geolocation information information used to d

33、etermine geographic location corresponding to image location 4.12 georectified corrected for positional displacement with respect to the surface of the earth 4.13 georeferencing process of determining the relation between the position of data in the image coordinates and its geographic or map locati

34、on 4.14 grid network composed of two or more sets of curves in which the members of each set intersect the members of the other sets in an algorithmic way ISO 19123:2005 NOTE The curves partition a space into grid cells. 4.15 grid coordinate system coordinate system in which a position is specified

35、relative to the intersection of curves 4.16 grid coordinates sequence of two or more numbers specifying a position with respect to its location on a grid 4.17 gridded data data whose attribute values are associated with positions on a grid coordinate system 4.18 ground control point point on the ear

36、th that has an accurately known geographic position 4.19 image gridded coverage whose attribute values are a numerical representation of a physical parameter NOTE The physical parameters are the result of measurement by a sensor or a prediction from a model. 4.20 imagery representation of phenomena

37、as images produced by electronic and/or optical techniques ISO 19101-2:2008 NOTE In this part of ISO 19115, it is assumed that the objects and phenomena have been sensed or detected by camera, infrared and multispectral scanners, radar and photometers, or similar devices. INCITS/ISO 19115-2-20092009

38、 4 ITIC 2009 All rights reserved4.21 metadata data about data ISO 19115:2003 4.22 pass single instance of a remote, mobile measuring system going by a target of interest NOTE In this part of ISO 19115, the measuring system will usually be a remote sensing platform. In a navigation context, the measu

39、ring system might be a GPS satellite. 4.23 pixel smallest element of a digital image to which attributes are assigned ISO/TS 19101-2:2008 NOTE It is the smallest unit of display for a visible image. 4.24 platform structure which supports a sensor, or sensors 4.25 polarization restricting radiation,

40、especially light, vibrations to a single plane 4.26 remote sensing collection and interpretation of information about an object without being in physical contact with the object 4.27 resolution (of a sensor) smallest difference between indications of a sensor that can be meaningfully distinguished N

41、OTE For imagery, resolution refers to radiometric, spectral, spatial and temporal resolutions. ISO/TS 19101-2:2008 4.28 sensor element of a measuring system that is directly affected by a phenomenon, body, or substance carrying a quantity to be measured ISO/IEC GUIDE 99:2007) 4.29 sensor model descr

42、iption of the radiometric and geometric characteristics of a sensor ISO19101-2:2008 4.30 spectral resolution specific wavelength interval within the electromagnetic spectrum EXAMPLE Band 1 of Landsat TM lies between 0,45 and 0,52 m in the visible part of the spectrum. 4.31 value element of a type do

43、main INCITS/ISO 19115-2-20092009 ITIC 2009 All rights reserved 5ISO/TS 19103:2005 4.32 value domain set of accepted values ISO/TS 19103:2005 EXAMPLE The range 3-28, all integers, any ASCII character, enumeration of all accepted values (green, blue, white). 5 Symbols and abbreviated terms 5.1 Abbrevi

44、ations IDL Interface Definition Language OCL Object Constraint Language UML Unified Modeling Language 5.2 UML notations The diagrams that appear in this part of ISO 19115 are presented using the Unified Modelling Language (UML) static structure diagram with the ISO Interface Definition Language (IDL

45、) basic type definitions and the UML Object Constraint Language (OCL) as the conceptual schema language. The UML notations used in this part of ISO 19115 are described in Figure 1. AssociationAggregationCompositionGeneralizationDependencyFigure 1 UML notation INCITS/ISO 19115-2-20092009 6 ITIC 2009

46、All rights reserved5.3 UML model relationships 5.3.1 Associations An association is used to describe a relationship between two or more classes. UML defines three different types of relationships, called association, aggregation and composition. The three types have different semantics. An ordinary

47、association shall be used to represent a general relationship between two classes. The aggregation and composition associations shall be used to create part-whole relationships between two classes. The direction of an association must be specified. If the direction is not specified, it is assumed to

48、 be a two-way association. If one-way associations are intended, the direction of the association can be marked by an arrow at the end of the line. An aggregation association is a relationship between two classes in which one of the classes plays the role of container and the other plays the role of

49、 a containee. A composition association is a strong aggregation. In a composition association, if a container object is deleted, then all of its containee objects are deleted as well. The composition association shall be used when the objects representing the parts of a container object cannot exist without the container object. 5.3.2 Generalization A generalization