ANSI INCITS ISO 2382-3-1987 Information processing systems - Vocabulary - Part 03 Equipment technology.pdf

1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION MEXAYHAPOAHAR OPI-AHMSAL(MR IlO CTAHAAPTMSAWl Information processing systems - Vocabulary - Part 03: Equiptient technology Syst bl the term or the generally preferr

2、ed term in the language. The absence of a generally accepted term for the concept in the language is indicated by a symbol consisting of five points I . . .I; a row of dots may be used to indicate, in a term, a word to be chosen in each particular case; c) the preferred term in a particular country

3、(identified ac- cording to the rules of ISO/R 639, Symbols for languages, countries and authorities); Section un : Gh6raMs 1 Objet et domaine dapplication La presente Norme internationale a pour objet de faciliter les echanges internationaux dans les systemes de traitement de Iinformation. A cet eff

4、et, elle presente un ensemble bilingue de termes et de definitions ayant trait ?I des notions choisies dans ce domaine, et definit les relations pouvant exister entre les dif- ferentes notions. Les definitions ont Bte Btablies de man b) le terme, ou le terme prefer8 en g c) le terme prefere dans un

5、certain pays Iidentifie selon les regles de IISO/R 639, lndicatifs de langue, de pays et dau toritf5); d) Iabreviation pouvant Btre employee a la place du terme; d) the abbreviation for the term; 2 IS0 2382-3: 1987 (E/F) e) permitted synonymous term(s); f) the text of the definition (see 2.4); g) on

6、e or more examples with the heading “Example(s)“; h) one or more notes specifying particular cases in the field of application of the concepts, with the heading “NOTE(S)“; i) a picture, a diagram, or a table which could be common to several entries. e) le terme ou les termes admis comme synonymes; f

7、) le texte de la definition (voir 2.4); g) un ou plusieurs exemples precedes du titre ( ExempleM ); h) une ou plusieurs notes precisant le domaine dapplica- tion de la notion, precedee(s) du titre (NOTE(S); i) une figure, un schema ou un tableau, pouvant etre com- muns a plusieurs articles. 2.3 Clas

8、sification of entries A two-digit serial number is assigned to each part of this Inter- national Standard, beginning with 01 for “fundamental terms: The entries are classified in groups to each of which is assigned a four-digit serial number. The first two digits being those of the part of this Inte

9、rnational Standard. Each entry is assigned a six-digit index number. The first four digits being those of the part of this International Standard and the group. In order that versions of this International Standard in various languages are related, the numbers assigned to parts, groups and entries a

10、re the same for all languages. 2.4 Selection of terms and wording of definitions The selection of terms and the wording of definitions have, as far as possible, followed established usage. When there were contradictions, solutions agreeable to the majority have been sought. 2.5 Multiple meanings Whe

11、n, in one of the working languages, a given term has several meanings, each meaning is given a separate entry in order to facilitate translation into other languages. 2.6 Abbreviations As indicated in 2.2, abbreviations in current use are given for some terms. Such abbreviations are not used in the

12、texts of the definitions, examples or notes. 2.7 Use of parentheses In some terms, a word or words printed in bold typeface are placed between parentheses. These words are part of the com- plete term, but they may be omitted when use of the abridged term in a technical context does not introduce amb

13、iguity. In the text of another definition, example, or note in this International Standard, such a term is used only in its complete form. 2.3 Classification des articles Chaque partie de la presente Norme internationale recoit un numero dordre a deux chiffres, en commencant par 01 pour le chapitre

14、atermes fondamentauxx. Les articles sont repartis en groupes qui recoivent chacun un numero dordre a quatre chiffres, les deux premiers chiffres Btant ceux du numero de partie de la presente Norme interna- tionale. Chaque article est rep its particular field of application, or its grammatical form.

15、2.8 Use of brackets When several closely related terms can be defined by texts that differ only in a few words, the terms and their definitions are grouped in a single entry. The words to be substituted in order to obtain the different meanings are placed in brackets, i.e. 1 I, in the same order in

16、the term and in the definition. In order to avoid uncertainty regarding the words to be sub- stituted, the last word that according to the above rule could be placed in front of the opening bracket is, wherever possible, placed inside the bracket and repeated for each alternative. 2.9 Use of terms p

17、rinted in italic typeface in definitions and use of asterisk A term printed in italic typeface in a definition, an example, or a note is defined in another entry in this International Standard, which may be in another part. However, the term is printed in italic typeface only the first time it occur

18、s in each entry. Italic typeface is also used for other grammatical forms of a term, for example, plurals of nouns and participles of verbs. The basic forms of all terms printed in italic typeface are listed in the index at the end of the part (see 2.11). An asterisk is used to separate terms printe

19、d in italic typeface when two such terms are referred to in separate entries and directly follow each other (or are separated only by a punctua- tion sign). Words or terms that are printed in normal typeface are to be understood as defined in current dictionaries or authoritative technical vocabular

20、ies. 2.10 Spelling In the English language version of this International Standard, terms, definitions, examples, and notes are given in the spelling preferred in the USA. Other correct spellings may be used without violating this International Standard. 2.11 Organization of the alphabetical index Fo

21、r each language used, an alphabetical index is provided at the end of each part. The index includes all terms defined in the part. Multiple-word terms appear in alphabetical order under each of their key words. Dans certains articles, les termes definis sont suivis par des expressions imprimees en c

22、aracteres normaux et placees entre parentheses. Ces expressions ne font pas partie du term mais indiquent des prescriptions demploi, precisent un domaine dapplication particulier ou indiquent une forme grammaticale. 2.8 Emploi des crochets Lorsque plusieurs termes Btroitement apparent&s peuvent Qtre

23、 definis par des textes presque identiques, a quelques mats p&s, les termes et leurs definitions ont et6 group& en un seul article. Les mots a substituer a ceux qui les precedent pour obtenir les differents sens sont places entre crochets (cest-a- dire I) dans le meme ordre dans le terme et dans la

24、defi- nition. En vue deviter toute incertitude sur les mots B rempla- cer, le dernier mot qui, suivant la regle ci-dessus pourrait Btre place devant le crochet douverture, est place, si possible, I Iinterieur des crochets et &pet6 a chaque occasion. 2.9 Emploi dans les definitions de termes imprimes

25、 en caracteres italiques et de Iasterisque Dans le texte dune definition, dun exemple ou dune note, tout terme imprime en caracteres italiques a le sens defini dans un autre article de la presente Norme internationale, qui peut se trouver dans une autre partie. Cependant le terme est imprime en cara

26、cteres italiques uniquement la premiere fois quil appa- rait dans chaque article. Les caracteres italiques sont Bgalement utilises pour les autres formes grammaticales du terme, par exemple, les noms au plu- riel et les verbes au participe. La liste des formes de base de tous les termes imprimes en

27、caracteres italiques est fournie dans Iindex a la fin de la partie (voir 2.11). Lasterisque sert a &parer les termes imprimes en caracteres italiques quand deux termes se rapportent a des articles &par&s et se suivent directement (ou bien sont &pares simplement par un signe de ponctuation). Les mots

28、 ou termes imprimes en caracteres normaux doivent 6tre compris dans le sens qui leur est don& dans les dictionnai- res courants ou vocabulaires techniques faisant autorite. 2.10 Mode decriture et orthographe Dans la version anglaise de la presente Norme internationale, les termes, definitions, exemp

29、les et notes sont Bcrits suivant Iorthographe prevalant aux l?tats-Unis. Dautres or-thographes correctes peuvent etre utilisees sans violer la presente Norme internationale. 2.11 Constitution de Iindex alphabetique Pour chaque langue de travail, un index alphabetique est fourni ?r la fin de chaque p

30、artie. Lindex comprend tous les termes definis dans la partie. Les termes composes de plusieurs mots sont repertories alphabetiquement suivant chacun des mots constituants caracteristiques ou mots-cl&. IS0 2382-3 : 1987 (E/F) Section two: Terms and definitions 03 Equipment technology 03.01 Circuits

31、and signals 03.01 .Ol trigger circuit A circuit that has a number of stable states or unstable states, at least one being stable, and is designed so that a desired tran- sition can be initiated by the application of a suitable pulse. 03.01.02 stable state In a tngger circuit, a state in which the ci

32、rcuit remains until the application of a suitable pulse. 03.01.03 unstable state metastable state quasistable stable In a trigger circuit, a state in which the circuit remains for a finite period of time at the end of which it returns to a stab/e state without the application of a pulse. K.Lo1.04 bi

33、stable (trigger) circuit flip-flop A trigger circuit that has two stable states. 03.01.05 monostable (trigger) circuit A trigger circuit that has one stable state and one unstable state. 03.01.06 delay element A device that yields, after a given time interval, an output* signal essentially similar t

34、o a previously introduced input signal. 03.01.07 delay line A line or network designed to introduce a desired delay in the transmission of a signal. 03.01.08 pulse impulse A variation in the value of a magnitude, short in relation to the time schedule of interest, the final value being the same as t

35、he initial value. 03.01 .o!I pulse train pulse string A series of pulses having similar characteristics. Section deux: Termes et definitions 03 Technologie du matkriel 03.01 Circuits et signaux 03.01 .Ol dispositif B dkclenchements declencheur Dispositif comportant plusieurs &tats stables ou instabl

36、es, dont au moins un Btat stable, et concu de facon que le passage dun &at stable B un autre Btat soit d6clench6 par Iapplication dune impulsion appropri6e. 03.01 .oz Btat stable Etat dans lequel un dispositif B dkclenchements demeure jusqug Iapplication dune impulsion appropri6e. 03.01.03 &at insta

37、ble &at dans lequel un dispositif B declenchements demeure durant un intervalle de temps limit& B Iissue duquel il revient g un &at stable sans application daucune impulsion. 03.01.04 bascule bistable circuit bistable Dispositif 8. dklenchements 3 deux &tats stables. 03.01.05 bascule monostable circ

38、uit monostable Dispositif Ei dklenchements 5 un &at stable et un &at instable. 03.01.06 circuit de retard circuit ti retard Dispositif qui, apr&s r6ception dun signal* dentr&e, donne apr&s un d6lai determine un signal de sortie semblable CI ce signal dentrke. 03.01.07 ligne de retard ligne & retard

39、Ligne ou r6seau concu pour introduire un certain d6lai dans la transmission dun signal 03.01.08 impulsion Variation de la valeur dune grandeur, breve au regard de 16chelle de temps considM?e, la valeur finale Btant Bgale C!I la valeur initiale. 03.01.09 train dimpulsions SBquence dimpulsions ayant d

40、es caract&istiques semblables. 5 IS0 2382-3: 1987 (E/F) 03.01 .I0 clock signal clock pulse A periodic signal used for synchronization or for measuring in- tervals of time. 03.01 .I 1 signal transformation signal shaping The action of modifying one or more characteristics of a signal, such as its max

41、imum value, shape or timing. 03.01 .I2 signal regeneration Signal transformation that restores a signal so that it conforms to its original characteristics. 03.01.13 enabling signal A signal that permits the occurrence of an event. 03.01.14 inhibiting signal A signal that prevents the occurrence of

42、an event. 03.02 Modes of operation and processing 03.0201 parallel Pertaining to a process in which all events occur within the same interval of time, each one handled by a separate but similar functiona/ unit. Example: The parallel transmission of the bits of a computer word along the lines of an i

43、nternal bus. 03.02.02 serial Pertaining to a process in which all events occur one after the other. Example: The serial transmission of the bits of a character ac- cording to the V24 CCITT protocol. 03.02.03 sequential Pertaining to a process in which all events occur one after the other, without an

44、y time lapse between them. 03.02.04 concurrent Pertaining to processes that take place within a common inter- val of time during which they may have to alternately share common resources. Example: Several programs, when executed by multiprogram- ming in a computer having a single instruction control

45、 unit, are concurrent. 03.01 .lO signal dhorloge Signal periodique utilise pour la synchronisation ou pour la mesure du temps. 03.01 .I1 mise en forme de signal Operation consistant a modifier certaines caracteristiques dun signal, telles que la valeur maximale, la forme ou Iechelonne- ment dans le

46、temps. 03.01 .I2 regen&ation de signal Mise en forme de signal destinee a le rendre conforme a ses caracteristiques dorigine. 03.01.13 signal dautorisation Signal qui permet Iapparition dun Bvenement. 03.01.14 signal dinterdiction Signal qui empeche Iapparition dun Bvenement. 03.02 Modes de fonction

47、nement et types de traitement 03.02.01 en parallele Qualifie un processus dont tous les Bvenements surviennent dans le meme intervalle de temps, chaque &nement utilisant une unite fonctionnelle distincte mais similaire. Exemple: La transmission en parallele des bits dun mot- machine sur les lignes d

48、un bus interne. 03.02.02 en serie Qualifie un processus dont tous les Bvenements surviennent lun apres Iautre. Exemple: La transmission en serie des bits dun caractere selon le protocole V24 du CCITT. 03.02.03 sgquentiel Qualifie un processus dont tous les Bvenements surviennent Iun apres Iautre san

49、s aucun intervalle de temps entre eux. 03.02.04 concurrent Qualifie des processus qui se deroulent au tours dun intervalle de temps commun, durant lequel ils peuvent avoir a utiliser en alternance les memes ressources. Exemple: Plusieurs programmes, lors de leur execution en multiprogrammation par une ordinateur A une seule unite de commande, sont concurrents. IS0 2382-3 : 1987 (E/F) 03.02.05 simultaneous In a process, pertaining to two or more events that occur within the same interval of time, each event handled by a se