ANSI INCITS ISO IEC 13249-1-2000 Information technology - Database languages - SQL multimedia and application packages - Part 1 Framework.pdf

1、Reference numberISO/IEC 13249-1:2000(E)ISO/IEC 2000INTERNATIONALSTANDARDISO/IEC13249-1First edition2000-09-01Information technology Databaselanguages SQL multimedia andapplication packages Part 1:FrameworkTechnologies de linformation Langages de bases de donnes Multimdia SQL et paquetages dapplicati

2、on Partie1: Cadre gnralAdopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard.Date of ANSI Approval: 2/5/01Published by American National Standards Institute,25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036Copyright 2002 by Information Technolo

3、gy Industry Council (ITI).All rights reserved.These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council(ITI). Not for r

4、esale. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, withoutthe prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW,Washington, DC 20005.Printed in the United States of America

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8、n below. ISO/IEC 2000All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronicor mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs membe

9、r bodyin the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 Gb7 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.chWeb www.iso.chPrinted in Switzerlandii ISO/IEC 2000 All rights reservedISO/IEC 13249-1:2000(E) ISO/IEC 2000 All rights reserved iiiContents

10、PageForeword.ivIntroduction.v1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions .13.1 Definitions taken from ISO/IEC 907513.2 Definitions provided in this part of ISO/IEC 13249.23.3 Definitions provided in other parts of ISO/IEC 13249 34 Concepts.34.1 Concepts taken from ISO/IEC 907534.2 Requi

11、rements for generic kinds of data44.3 Use of ISO/IEC 9075.44.4 Implementation of ISO/IEC 13249.54.5 Use of ISO/IEC 13249.55 Parts of ISO/IEC 13249 65.1 Part 1: Framework (SQL/MM Framework) .65.2 Part 2: Full-Text (SQL/MM Full-Text)65.3 Part 3: Spatial (SQL/MM Spatial) 65.4 Part 5: Still Image (SQL/M

12、M Still Image)66 Notations and conventions used in other parts.66.1 Notation 66.2 Conventions .66.2.1 Clause structure.66.2.2 Organization of specifications .76.2.3 Data type, attribute and SQL-invoked routine identifiers76.2.4 Parameter identifiers .76.2.5 Meta-variables76.2.6 Symbols 76.2.7 Except

13、ions76.2.8 Status codes.87 Implementation requirements 87.1 Schemas .87.2 USAGE privileges on user-defined types87.3 UNDER privileges on user-defined types87.4 EXECUTE privileges on routines .98 Conformance98.1 Implementations 98.2 Relationship to other International Standards .98.3 Claim of conform

14、ance .108.4 Extensions and options 10Annex A (informative) ISO/IEC JTC 1 formal procedures .11ISO/IEC 13249-1:2000(E)iv ISO/IEC 2000 All rights reservedForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission)form the specialized system

15、for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IECparticipate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by therespective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committeescollabor

16、ate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, inliaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.In the field of information technolo

17、gy, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting.Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a

18、 vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO/IEC 13249 may be the subject ofpatent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.International Standard ISO/IEC 13249-1 was prepared by Joint Technical Commi

19、ttee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Informationtechnology, Subcommittee SC 32, Data management and interchange.ISO/IEC 13249 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Databaselanguages SQL multimedia and application packages:Gbe Part 1: FrameworkGbe Part 2: Full-TextGbe Part 3:

20、 SpatialGbe Part 5: Still ImageParts other than this part specify requirements, and all are dependent on various parts of ISO/IEC 9075 and alsoon this part of ISO/IEC 13249.Annex A of this part of ISO/IEC 13249 is for information only.ISO/IEC 13249-1:2000(E) ISO/IEC 2000 All rights reserved vIntrodu

21、ctionThe organization of this part of ISO/IEC 13249 is as follows:a) Clause 1, “Scope“, specifies the scope of this part of ISO/IEC 13249.b) Clause 2, “Normative references“, identifies additional standards that, through reference in ISO/IEC 13249,constitute provisions of this part of ISO/IEC 13249,

22、 and hence to all parts of ISO/IEC 13249.c) Clause 3, “Terms and definitions“, specifies terms and definitions used in ISO/IEC 13249.d) Clause 4, “Concepts“, describes the concepts used in ISO/IEC 13249.e) Clause 5, “Parts of ISO/IEC 13249“, summarises the content of each of the parts of ISO/IEC 132

23、49.f) Clause 6, “Notation and conventions used in other parts“, defines the notation and conventions used in otherparts of ISO/IEC 13249.g) Clause 7, “Implementation requirements“, describes the requirements relating to the implementation ofISO/IEC 13249.h) Clause 8, “Conformance“, specifies the con

24、formance requirements for all or some of the parts of ISO/IEC13249.i) Annex A is an informative Annex. It describes the formal procedures for maintenance and interpretation ofISO/IEC 13249.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 13249-1:2000(E) ISO/IEC 2000 All rights reserved 1Information technology Databas

25、e languages SQL multimediaand application packages Part 1:Framework1 ScopeISO/IEC 13249 defines a number of packages of generic data types common to various kinds of data used inmultimedia and other subject areas, to enable that data to be stored and manipulated in an SQL database. Eachpackage is de

26、fined as a part of ISO/IEC 13249.This part of ISO/IEC 13249 defines those concepts, notations and conventions that are common to two or moreother parts of ISO/IEC 13249. In particular it describes the way ISO/IEC 9075 is used in other parts to define theuser-defined types and their behaviour appropr

27、iate to each subject area.2 Normative referencesThe following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions ofthis part of ISO/IEC 13249. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of thesepublications do not apply. Howe

28、ver, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO/IEC 13249 are encouraged toinvestigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Forundated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC

29、maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.ISO/IEC 9075-1:1999, Information technology Database languages SQL Part 1: Framework(SQL/Framework).ISO/IEC 9075-2:1999, Information technology Database languages SQL Part 2: Foundation(SQL/Foundation).ISO/IEC 9075-4:1999, Information tec

30、hnology Database languages SQL Part 4: Persistent Stored Modules(SQL/PSM).3 Terms and definitions3.1 Definitions taken from ISO/IEC 9075The following terms defined in ISO/IEC 9075 are used either in this part of ISO/IEC 13249 or in other parts ofISO/IEC 13249.a) assignmentb) attributec) cardinalityd

31、) columnISO/IEC 13249-1:2000(E)2 ISO/IEC 2000 All rights reservede) compilation unitf) constructor functiong) data typeh) declared typei) descriptorj) external routinek) identifierl) implementation-definedm) implementation-dependentn) instance (of a value)o) interface (of a structured type)p) mutato

32、r functionq) null valuer) observer functions) rowt) sequenceu) signature (of an SQL-invoked routine)v) SQL-environmentw) SQL-implementationx) SQL-invoked routiney) SQL routinez) subtypeaa) supertypebb) tablecc) type-preserving functiondd) user-defined typeee) white space3.2 Definitions provided in t

33、his part of ISO/IEC 13249For the purposes of this part of ISO/IEC 13249, the following definitions apply.ISO/IEC 13249-1:2000(E) ISO/IEC 2000 All rights reserved 33.2.1generic data typea generic data type is a kind of data not already defined in ISO/IEC 9075 that is used in a wider context than asin

34、gle enterprise and for which there are advantages in standardizing the way it is represented3.2.2meta-variablea meta-variable is a variable which is used to define implementation-dependent or implementation-definedconstants3.2.3multimediamultimedia is any kind of data other than conventional data, e

35、xamples being graphic, audio and visual data3.3 Definitions provided in other parts of ISO/IEC 13249The terms and associated definitions relating to the subject areas of ISO/IEC 13249 are provided by the part ofISO/IEC 13249 that defines the user-defined types for that subject area.4 Concepts4.1 Con

36、cepts taken from ISO/IEC 9075The following concepts defined in ISO/IEC 9075 are used either in this part of ISO/IEC 13249 or in other parts ofISO/IEC 13249.a) arrayb) base tablec) character setd) distinct typee) exception conditionf) falseg) function invocationh) host languagei) methodj) ordering fu

37、nctionk) predefined data typel) privilegem) source typen) SQL-datao) SQL-statementp) structured typeISO/IEC 13249-1:2000(E)4 ISO/IEC 2000 All rights reservedq) transformation functionsr) trues) unknownt) user-defined castu) view4.2 Requirements for generic kinds of dataISO/IEC 9075 defines the Datab

38、ase Language SQL, which is a language used to define and manipulate SQL-data.For the purposes of this part of ISO/IEC 13249, the SQL-data in an SQL-environment is referred to as an SQLdatabase.Using the data definition facilities of ISO/IEC 9075, an enterprise may develop an SQL database based on th

39、ekinds of data chosen for some specific purpose determined by the particular requirements of the enterprise.Many kinds of data are used in a wider context than that of an individual enterprise, in which case there arebenefits in being able to use a generic specification for the definition and manipu

40、lation of these kinds of data.These benefits include the enabling of the following:a) shared understanding of this data;b) exchange of this data;c) provision of common manipulation facilities to process this data.Recognition of these benefits has resulted in the development of international standard

41、s and of publicly availablespecifications for generic data types in a number of subject areas. These subject areas include text, spatial,graphic, audio and video data.Many enterprises have requirements to use such generic data types combined with their own enterprise-specificdata types in an SQL dat

42、abase. These requirements include the manipulation of component elements of a genericdata type, enabling both the construction and recording of user-defined types within an SQL database, and the useof these components in selection and retrieval of data from an SQL database. ISO/IEC 13249 addresses t

43、heserequirements.4.3 Use of ISO/IEC 9075ISO/IEC 9075 includes facilities for defining user-defined types. A user-defined type can be either a distinct type ora structured type. A distinct type is based on some predefined data type. A structured type has attributes specifiedas either SQL data types o

44、r other user-defined types. A structured type may be defined as a subtype of anotherstructured type, with inheritance of its attributes. A column of an SQL table can be defined as a user-defined type.A user-defined type can only be manipulated by associated routines.An attribute has automatically an

45、 associated observer and mutator function to retrieve and change its value.Further routines may be defined in which the body of the routine, being the component that determines behaviouron invocation of the routine, is specified either by SQL statements or by reference to an external routine prepare

46、din some other programming language.Each part of ISO/IEC 13249 defines a number of user-defined types and associated routines, defined according toISO/IEC 9075. The types and routines of each part are intended for use with data for a specific subject area. Eachpart constitutes a package that aims to

47、 satisfy the requirements for including generic data types for that subjectarea in an SQL database. It does not define how data from multiple subject areas may be combined.ISO/IEC 13249-1:2000(E) ISO/IEC 2000 All rights reserved 5Each user-defined type is fully defined using the SQL syntax of ISO/IE

48、C 9075.For each routine there is a specification of its signature, which includes its name and all parameters with their type.A routine body is specified either by SQL statements or by reference to a definition, which is given either in someformal language or as descriptive text.The definition of a

49、user-defined type in a part of ISO/IEC 13249 can include user-defined cast functions to convertbetween a value of the user-defined type and another data type.The definition of a user-defined type in a part of ISO/IEC 13249 can include an ordering function to specify theorder of two values of the user-defined type.4.4 Implementation of ISO/IEC 13249Conformance to any one other part of ISO/IEC 13249 may be claimed by an implementation, in which case it isrequired to provide its users with the capability of using the u