ANSI INCITS ISO IEC 2382-9-1995 Information Processing Systems - Vocabulary - Part 9 Data Communication《信息技术.词汇.第9部分 数据通信》.pdf

1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE ISOIIEC 2382-9 Second edition Deuxikme Edition 1995-1 l-01 Information technology - Vocabulary - Part 9: Data communication Technologies de Iinformation - Vocabulaire - Partie 9: Communication de donnbes Reference number Numkro de r6fkence ISO/IEC 2382-9:1

2、995(E/F) Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard.Date of ANSI Approval: 1/13/99Published by American National Standards Institute,25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036Copyright 2002 by Information Technology Industry C

3、ouncil (ITI).All rights reserved.These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council(ITI). Not for resale. No par

4、t of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, withoutthe prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW,Washington, DC 20005.Printed in the United States of AmericaCopyright Ame

5、rican National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSINot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISOAEC 2382-9:1995(E/F) Contents Page Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _- iv Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6、 . _._._._._ vi Section I: General I.1 Scope . 1.2 Normative references . I.3 Principles and rules followed I .3.1 Definition of an entry . 1.3.2 Organization of an entry I .3.3 Classification of entries . 1.3.4 Selection of terms and wording of definitions . 1.3.5 Multiple meanings . 1.3.6 Abbrevia

7、tions 1.3.7 Use of parentheses . 1.3.8 Use of brackets . 1.3.9 Use of terms printed in italic typeface in definitions and the use of an asterisk . 1.3.10 Spelling . 1.3.11 Organization of the alphabetical index 1 1 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 Section 2: Terms and definitions 09 Data communication 6 09.0

8、1 General . 6 09.02 Signals 6 09.03 Transmission - General Terms 8 09.04 Transmission facilities . 10 09.05 Transmission techniques 1 1 09.06 Data link 15 09.07 Data network . 21 09.08 User facilities . 24 Figure 1 . 28 Figure 2 . 29 Figure 3 . 30 Figure 4 . 31 Figure 5 . 32 Figure 6 . 33 Alphabetic

9、al indexes English _._._._._._._._.,.,., 34 French . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ 38 Q ISO/IEC 1995 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any for

10、m or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher./Droits de reproduction r6servcs. Sauf prescription differente, aucune pat-tie de cette publication ne peut i%re reproduite ni utilisee sous quelque forme que ce soit e

11、t par aucun pro Chaque article contient des Mments essentiels definis en 1.3.1 et, si necessaire, des elements supplementaires. Larticle peut done comprendre dans Iordre les oldments suivants : a) un numero de reference (le meme, quelle que soit la langue de publication de la presente partie de IISO

12、/CEI 2382); b) the term or the generally preferred term in the language. The absence of a generally preferred term for the concept in the language is indicated by a symbol consisting of five points (.); a row of dots may be used to indicate, in a term, a word to be chosen in each particular case; b)

13、 le terme, ou le terme prefork en g les points de suspension peuvent etre employ c) the preferred term in a particular country (identified according to the rules of IS0 3166); d) the abbreviation for the term; c) le terme prefer dans un certain pays (identifie selon les regles de IISO 3166); d) Iabr

14、tSviation pouvant etre employee a la place du terme; e) permitted synonymous term(s): f) the text of the definition (see 1.3.4); g) one or more examples with the heading “Example(s)“; h) one or more notes specifying particular cases in the field of application of the concepts with the heading “NOTE(

15、S)“; i) a picture, a diagram, or a table which could be common to several entries. e) le terme ou les termes admis comme synonymes; f) le texte de la definition (voir 1.3.4); g) un ou plusieurs exemples precedes du titre Gxempie(s) ; h) une ou plusieurs notes precisant le domaine dapplication de la

16、notion, prkedees du titre , alors que certains spkialistes des t6l6communications pGf Ti is the significant interval for the i-th channel expressed in seconds; pli is the predefined number of significant conditions in the i-th channel. 09.05.17 debit binaire Vitesse Ti est Iintefvalle significatif e

17、n secondes sur la voie i; ni est le nombre predbfini d il peut aussi comprendre un dispositif semblable e un ETCD, aupres du centre de commutation ou du concentrateur. 3 Voir figure 4. 15 Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSINot for ResaleNo reproduc

18、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-lSO/lEC 2382-9:1995(E/F) lSO/lEC 09.06.03 line transmission line A physical transmission medium. NOTES 1 The line is the portion of a data circuit external to the data circuit-terminating equipment and to the data switching exchange. 2 See fi

19、gure 4. 09.06.04 protocol A set of rules that determines the behavior of func- tional units in achieving communication. 09.06.05 character-oriented protocol A data link *protocol in which both user data and data link control functions are coded as specific characters. Example: A basic mode /ink cont

20、rol protocol. 09.06.06 bit-oriented protocol A data /ink protocol in which data-link control func- tions are specified in particular positions of the frame, allowing user data to be transferred as a transparent sequence of bits. Example: The high-level data link control protocol. 09.06.07 data circu

21、it transparency The capability of a data circuit to transfer all data without changing the data content or data structure. 09.06.08 frame (in data communication) transmission frame A data structure that consists of fields, predeter- mined by a protocol, for the transmission of user data and control

22、data. NOTES 7 The composition of a frame, especially the number and types of fields, may vary according to the type of protocol. 2 See figure 5. 09.06.09 information bit A bit used for the representation of user data, rather than for control purposes. 09.06.03 ligne ligne de transmission Support de

23、transmission materiel. NOTES 1 La ligne est la partie dun circuit de don a time-out condition can be cancelled by the receipt of an appropriate time-out cancellation signal. 09.06.29 recovery In data transmission, a process for resolving con- flicting or erroneous conditions arising during the trans

24、fer of data. 09.06.30 basic mode link control Control of data links by means of a character- oriented protocol using the standardized control characters of the 7-bit coded character set for infor- mation interchange. 09.06.31 high-level data link control HDLC (abbreviation) Control of data links by

25、means of a bit-oriented protocol using the frame structure defined in ISOllEC 3309 for information interchange. 09.06.32 data station A functional unit that provides data for transmission, that accepts transmitted data, and that performs all functions necessary for communication with another functio

26、nal unit. NOTE - See figure 4. 09.06.33 data terminal equipment DTE (abbreviation) That part of a data station that serves as a data source, a data sink, or both. NOTES 1 The DTE may be connected directly to a compofer, or may be part of it. 2 See figure 4. 09.06.27 interrogation demande didentifica

27、tion Question posbe par une stafion maitnxse pour demander A une station asset-vie son identitk ou son un however, communication across the LAN boundary may be subject to some form of regulation. 2 See also 25.01 .Ol. 09.07.10 metropolitan area network MAN (abbreviation) A network for connecting loc

28、al area networks located in the same urban area. NOTE - A MAN generally operates at a higher speed than the networks interconnected, crosses administrative boundaries, and supports several access methods. 09.07.11 wide area network WAN (abbreviation) A network that provides communication services to

29、 a geographic area larger than that served by a local area network or a metropolitan area network. 09.07.12 integrated services digital network ISDN (abbreviation) A network that provides or supports a range of different telecommunication services, using digital connections between user-network inte

30、rfaces. NOTE - Examples of these services are telephony, data transmission, *electronic mail, *fax, and video. 09.07.13 store-and-forward A mode of operation of a data network in which data are temporarily stored before they are retransmitted toward the destination. 09.07.07 diffusion sdlective Emis

31、sion des mQmes don par contre, les communications franchissant les limites du r&eau peuvent etre soumises ti des Gglementations extbrieures. 2 Voir aussi 25.01 .Ol 09.07.10 rrheau m6tropolitain MAN (abreviation) RBseau dont le but est de rbunir des rkseaux locaux situ& dans une m&me agglom&ation urb

32、aine. NOTE - Un r&eau m&ropolitain fonctionne g&alement a des vitesses plus 6lev6es que les rbseaux qui y sont connect&, traverse des limites administratives et peut utiliser plusieurs methodes dacc&. 09.07.11 rbeau g&al rbeau longue distance /CA/ RBseau fournissant des services de tbl&ommu- nicatio

33、ns g une zone gbographique plus grande que celle couverte par un rbseau local ou un r&seau mbtropolitain. 09.07.12 r-beau numhique in integration de services RNIS (abrbviation) Rbseau qui fournit ou supporte un ensemble de services de tGcommunication au moyen de connexions numbriques entre les inter

34、faces usager- r6seau. NOTE - Comme exemples de ces set-vices on peut titer : la t&phonie, la transmission de don&es et de signaux vidbo, le courfier Blectronique et la t&copie. 09.07.13 stockage et retransmission enregistrement et retransmission Mode de fonctionnement dun r&eau de don&es dans lequel

35、 des donnees sont provisoirement stock&es avant d&re retransmises vers leur destination. 22 Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSINot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-OISOAEC ISOAEC 2382-9:1995( E/F) 09.07

36、.14 data switching exchange DSE (abbreviation) The equipment installed at a single location to perform switching functions between data circuits. 09.07.15 switching The process of temporarily associating functional units, *transmission channels, or telecommunication circuits for providing a connecti

37、on. Examples - Circuit switching, *message switching, *packet swifching. 09.07.16 circuit switching A process that, on demand, connects two or more data terminal equipment and permits the exclusive use of a data circuit between them until the connecfion is released. 09.07.17 message switching In a d

38、ata network, the process of routing messages by receiving, sfonng as necessary, and forwarding complete messages. 09.07.18 packet A sequence of bits arranged in a specific fonnaf, containing control data and possibly user data, and that is transmitted and switched as a whole. 09.07.19 packet switchi

39、ng In a data network, the process of routing and transferring *data by means of addressed packets so that, between two nodes, each transmission channel is allocated dynamically to packets having different addresses. 09.07.20 packet sequencing A process of ensuring that packets are delivered to the r

40、eceiving data terminal equipment (DTE) in the same order as they were submitted by the sending DTE. 09.07.21 packet transfer mode A method of dafa transfer, by means of packet transmission and packet switching, that permits dynamic sharing of network resources among many connections. 09.07.14 centre

41、 de commutation de donnees Ensemble des appareils install&s dans un meme lieu pour assurer des fonctions de commufafion entre des circuits de don&es. 09.07.15 commutation Action dassocier temporairement des unites fonc- fionnelles, des voies de transmission ou des circuits de tel&communication en vu

42、e detablir une con- nexion. Exemples - Commutation de circuits, *commufafion de messages, *commutation de paquefs. 09.07.16 commutation de circuits ctablissement, a la demande, dune liaison entre plusieurs ferminaux de don&es leur permettant Iutilisation exclusive dun circuit de don&es jusqua sa lib

43、eration. 09.07.17 commutation de messages Dans un r6seau de don&es, processus dachemine- ment de messages, par reception, mise en memoire si necessaire et retransmission de messages complets. 09.07.18 paquet Suite de bits comportant des don&es de service et eventuellement des donnees de Iutilisateur

44、, disposes selon un format particulier et emis et commutes comme un tout. 09.07.19 commutation de paquets commutation par paquets Dans un reseau de don&es, acheminement de don&es sous forme de paquefs munis dune adresse de sorte que, entre deux ncauds, chaque voie de transmission puisse Qtre affecte

45、e de facon dynamique a des paquets destines a des adresses differentes. 09.07.20 ordonnancement des paquets remise en ordre des paquets Processus qui assure la remise des paquefs A lequipemenf fenninal de traifemenf de donnees (ETTD) recepteur dans Iordre ou ils ont et6 envoy&s par IETTD emetteur. 0

46、9.07.21 mode de transmission par paquets Methode de transfert de don&es par transmission et commutation de paquefs qui permet le partage dynamique des ressources du rbseau entre de nombreuses connexions. 23 Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSINot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-