ANSI INCITS ISO IEC 9594-1-2001 Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory Overview of concepts models and services (Adopted by INCITS).pdf

1、Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard.Date of ANSI Approval: 12/24/2003Published by American National Standards Institute,25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036Copyright 2003 by Information Technology Industry Council

2、 (ITI).All rights reserved.These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council(ITI). Not for resale. No part of t

3、his publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, withoutthe prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW,Washington, DC 20005.Printed in the United States of AmericaReference numberISO

4、/IEC 9594-1:2001(E)ISO/IEC 2001INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC9594-1Fourth edition2001-12-15Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Overview of concepts, models and services Technologies de linformation Interconnexion de systmes ouverts (OSI) Lannuaire: Aperu gnral des conc

5、epts, modles et services ISO/IEC 9594-1:2001(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer pe

6、rforming the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this

7、 PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Centra

8、l Secretariat at the address given below. ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO

9、 at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Published by ISO in 2002 Printed in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved ISO

10、/IEC 9594-1:2001(E) ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved iiiCONTENTS Page 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards . 1 3 Definitions . 2 3.1 OSI Reference Model definitions . 2 3.2 Directory model definitions 2 3.3 Distributed Operation definitions . 3

11、 3.4 Replication definitions. 3 3.5 Basic directory definitions 3 4 Abbreviations. 3 5 Conventions . 4 6 Overview of the Directory 4 7 The Directory Information Base (DIB) 6 8 The Directory service . 7 8.1 Introduction. 7 8.2 Service qualification 8 8.3 Directory interrogation. 8 8.4 Directory modif

12、ication. 9 8.5 Other outcomes 9 9 The distributed Directory 9 9.1 Functional model. 9 9.2 Organizational model. 10 9.3 Operation of the model 10 10 Access control in the Directory. 12 11 Service administration 13 12 Replication in the Directory 13 12.1 Introduction. 13 12.2 Forms of Directory replic

13、ation . 14 12.3 Replication and consistency of Directory information. 14 12.4 Views of replication. 15 12.5 Replication and Access Control 16 13 Directory protocols. 16 14 Systems management of the Directory 16 14.1 Introduction. 16 14.2 Management of the DIT domain. 16 14.3 Management of Directory

14、components. 17 Annex A Applying the Directory . 18 A.1 The Directory environment 18 A.2 Directory service characteristics. 18 A.3 Patterns of use of the Directory 18 A.4 Generic applications 20 Annex B Amendments and corrigenda. 22 ISO/IEC 9594-1:2001(E) iv ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved Foreword

15、ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical commi

16、ttees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the w

17、ork. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International S

18、tandards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the ele

19、ments of this part of ISO/IEC 9594 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Users and implementors should note the existence of a “defect resolution” procedure in ISO/IEC JTC 1 to identify and correct errors in Inte

20、rnational Standards through the publication of Technical Corrigenda. Identical corrections are made to the corresponding ITU-T Recommendations through Corrigenda and may also be made in the form of Implementors Guides. Details of Technical Corrigenda to International Standards are available on the I

21、SO website; published Technical Corrigenda can be obtained via the ISO webstore or from the ISO and IEC national bodies. Corrigenda and Implementors Guides to ITU-T Recommendations can be obtained from the ITU-T website. ISO/IEC 9594-1 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Informa

22、tion technology, Subcommittee SC 6, Telecommunications and information exchange between systems, in collaboration with ITU-T. The identical text is published as ITU-T Rec. X.500. This fourth edition of ISO/IEC 9594-1 constitutes a technical revision of the third edition (ISO/IEC 9594-1:1998), which

23、is provisionally retained in order to support implementations based on the third edition. ISO/IEC 9594 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Part 1: Overview of concepts, models and services Part 2: Models Part 3:

24、Abstract service definition Part 4: Procedures for distributed operation Part 5: Protocol specifications Part 6: Selected attribute types Part 7: Selected object classes Part 8: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks Part 9: Replication Part 10: Use of systems management for administration

25、of the Directory Annex A forms a normative part of this part of ISO/IEC 9594. Annex B is for information only. ISO/IEC 9594-1:2001(E) ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved vIntroduction This Recommendation | International Standard together with other Recommendations | International Standards, has been pr

26、oduced to facilitate the interconnection of information processing systems to provide directory services. A set of such systems, together with the directory information that they hold, can be viewed as an integrated whole, called the Directory. The information held by the Directory, collectively kno

27、wn as the Directory Information Base (DIB), is typically used to facilitate communication between, with or about objects such as application entities, people, terminals and distribution lists. The Directory plays a significant role in Open Systems Interconnection, whose aim is to allow, with a minim

28、um of technical agreement outside of the interconnection standards themselves, the interconnection of information processing systems: from different manufacturers; under different managements; of different levels of complexity; and of different ages. This Recommendation | International Standard intr

29、oduces and models the concepts of the Directory and of the DIB and overviews the services and capabilities which they provide. Other Recommendations | International Standards make use of these models in defining the abstract service provided by the Directory, and in specifying the protocols through

30、which this service can be obtained or propagated. This fourth edition technically revises and enhances, but does not replace, the third edition of this Recommendation | International Standard. Implementations may still claim conformance to the third edition. However, at some point, the third edition

31、 will not be supported (i.e. reported defects will no longer be resolved). It is recommended that implementations conform to this fourth edition as soon as possible. This fourth edition specifies version 1 and version 2 of the Directory protocols. The first and second editions specified only version

32、 1. Most of the services and protocols specified in this edition are designed to function under version 1. However, some enhanced services and protocols, e.g. signed errors, will not function unless all Directory entities involved in the operation have negotiated version 2. Whichever version has bee

33、n negotiated, differences between the services and between the protocols defined in the four editions, except for those specifically assigned to version 2, are accommodated using the rules of extensibility defined in this edition of ITU-T Rec. X.519 | ISO/IEC 9594-5. Annex A, which is an integral pa

34、rt of this Recommendation | International Standard, describes the types of use to which the Directory can be applied. Annex B, which is not an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard, lists the amendments and defect reports that have been incorporated to form this edition of th

35、is Recommendation | International Standard. ISO/IEC 9594-1:2001 (E) ITU-T Rec. X.500 (02/2001 E) 1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 9594-1:2001 (E) ITU-T RECOMMENDATION Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Overview of concepts, models and services 1 Scope The Directory pr

36、ovides the directory capabilities required by OSI applications, OSI management processes, other OSI layer entities, and telecommunications services. Among the capabilities which it provides are those of “user-friendly naming“, whereby objects can be referred to by names which are suitable for citing

37、 by human users (though not all objects need have user-friendly names); and “name-to-address mapping“ which allows the binding between objects and their locations to be dynamic. The latter capability allows OSI networks, for example, to be “self-configuring“ in the sense that addition, removal and t

38、he changes of object location do not affect OSI network operation. The Directory is not intended to be a general-purpose database system, although it may be built on such systems. It is assumed, for instance, that, as is typical with communications directories, there is a considerably higher frequen

39、cy of “queries“ than of updates. The rate of updates is expected to be governed by the dynamics of people and organizations, rather than, for example, the dynamics of networks. There is also no need for instantaneous global commitment of updates; transient conditions, where both old and new versions

40、 of the same information are available, are quite acceptable. It is a characteristic of the Directory that, except as a consequence of differing access rights or unpropagated updates, the results of directory queries will not be dependent on the identity or location of the inquirer. This characteris

41、tic renders the Directory unsuitable for some telecommunications applications, for example some types of routing. For cases where the results are dependent on the identity of the inquirer, access to directory information and updates of the Directory may be denied. 2 Normative references The followin

42、g Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation | International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to revision, and

43、 parties to agreements based on this Recommendation | International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and Standards listed below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The

44、Telecommunication Standardization Bureau of the ITU maintains a list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations. 2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards ITU-T Recommendation X.200 (1994) | ISO/IEC 7498-1:1994, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Basic Reference Model: T

45、he Basic Model. ITU-T Recommendation X.411 (1999) | ISO/IEC 10021-4:1999, Information technology Message Handling Systems (MHS): Message transfer system: Abstract service definition and procedures. ITU-T Recommendation X.501 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-2:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconn

46、ection The Directory: Models. ITU-T Recommendation X.509 (2000) | ISO/IEC 9594-8:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks. ITU-T Recommendation X.511 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-3:2001, Information technology Open Systems Inte

47、rconnection The Directory: Abstract service definition. ITU-T Recommendation X.518 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-4:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Procedures for distributed operation. ISO/IEC 9594-1:2001 (E) 2 ITU-T Rec. X.500 (02/2001 E) ITU-T Recommendation X.519

48、(2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-5:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Protocol specifications. ITU-T Recommendation X.520 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-6:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Selected attribute types. ITU-T Recommendation X.521 (

49、2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-7:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Selected object classes. ITU-T Recommendation X.525 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-9:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Replication. ITU-T Recommendation X.530 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-10:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Use of systems management for administration of the Directory. ITU-T