ANSI ISEA Z87.1-2015 American National Standard Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protection Devices.pdf

1、 ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2015 Revision of ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2010 American National Standard Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protection Devices Secretariat International Safety Equipment Association Approved May 28, 2015 American National Standards Institute, Inc. American National Standard

2、An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufac-turer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respec

3、t preclude anyone, whether they have approved the standard or not, from manu-facturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions.

4、 The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstanc-es give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no persons shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American

5、 National Standards Institute. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaf-firm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of p

6、ublication. Pur-chasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by call-ing or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published by International Safety Equipment Association 1901 North Moore Street, Suite 808, Arlington, Virginia 22209 USA Copyrigh

7、t 2015 by ISEA All rights reserved. No part of this publication (with the exception of Annex J, Selection Chart) may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America Foreword (Thi

8、s Foreword is not a part of ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2015) This document is the latest edition of a standard for eye and face protection that dates back to 1922. Originally part of a government standard that also included respiratory and head protection, the standard first appeared under the Z87.1 designatio

9、n in 1968, and has been revised five times since then in response to advances in technology, as well as the changing workplace environment. ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2015 represents another milestone in this standards evolution, building on the many years of work that have gone into prior revisions. The docum

10、ent continues to focus on product performance and harmonization with global standards in an effort to allow new and inno-vative designs responsive to workplace hazards, end-user needs and regulatory obligations. Since the 2010 revision was a dramatic shift away from product configuration requirement

11、s and toward a hazard-based structure, much of the revised language in ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2015 reflects the effort to fine-tune this approach. Streamlined language for resolution testing provides clarity to test methods to ensure they can be accurately executed, and updated test patterns to complement

12、the language. These patterns can be downloaded from ISEAs website at www.safetyequipment.org. Other key updates address the emergence of new technologies that are challenging outdated design restrictions, or which past editions did not contemplate. This includes the acknowledgement of protectors kno

13、wn as “magnifiers” and “readers” that have lenses, or portions of lenses, that incor-porate magnification properties. The 2015 revision also eliminates minimum thickness require-ments for non-prescription protectors that pass the requirements for impact rated protectors, and eliminates the need to c

14、onduct drop-ball testing for a protector that is first tested to and meets the im-pact-rated requirements. Requirements for angular dependence of luminous transmittance for weld-ing filters have been added to address visual effect that welders can find both alarming and dis-tracting. Such requiremen

15、ts are consistent with criteria in similar global standards. As the standard continues to focus on specific hazard protection, additional emphasis has been placed on enabling users to select protectors appropriate for the working environment, and present-ing end-users with information to assist in t

16、he selection process. Examples of acceptable and un-acceptable markings for protectors that meet the requirements of the standard are included. In ad-dition, information related to conducting an assessment for potential eye and face hazards and pro-tector use and selection considerations has been ex

17、panded. Suggestions for improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the International Safety Equipment Association, 1901 N. Moore Street, Suite 808, Arlington, VA 22209, iseasafetyequipment.org. This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the Accredited Sta

18、ndards Committee on Safety Standards for Eye Protection, Z87. Committee approval of the standard does not necessarily im-ply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard, the Z87 Committee had the following members: J.P Sankpill, Chairman Jack B. Hirschman

19、n, Jr., Vice-Chairman Organization Represented Name of Representative American Optometric Association Gregory Good, O.D., Ph.D. Neil Hodur, O.D. American Society of Safety Engineers Jack B. Hirschmann, Jr. American Welding Society Philip M. Johnson David Sliney Individual Member Michael Kertis Indiv

20、idual Member Jack Laptad International Safety Equipment Association Jud Crosby Cristine Z. Fargo International Staple, Nail and Tool Association Rick Allen Mark Hickok Jones and Company Bruce Hey John Halliburton Kimberly-Clark Professional Joann M. Kline, JD The Laboratory Safety Institute James Ka

21、ufmann, Ph.D. Christina Dillard 3M Company Doug Rivers, CSP, FSFPE Julie A. Tremblay, CIH MCR Safety J.P. Sankpill National Association of Optometrists Andrew Petty, CIH, CSP and Opticians Nick Mileti National Institute for Occupational James R. Harris, Ph.D. Safety and Health (NIOSH) National Waste

22、 this lens is not necessarily flat. power. See “refractive power“, “resolving pow-er“, and “prismatic power“. prescription lens (Rx). A lens manufactured to the wearers individual corrective prescription. prescription lens carrier. A lens housing for mounting prescription lenses behind a protective

23、lens. prismatic power, “prism“. A measure of the angular deviation expressed in prism diopters () of a light ray after passing along the viewing path through a lens. One prism diopter equals a devia-tion of 1 cm per meter of path length. protector. A complete device meeting, at a min-imum, the requi

24、rements of Section 5 of this standard. reader. A mass produced non-prescriptive spec-tacle that incorporates plus refractive power in a portion of the lens. refractive power, “power“. A measure of the ability of a lens to focus light rays, expressed in diopters (D). removable lenses. Lenses fabricat

25、ed to fit a sin-gle spectacle frame. replaceable lenses. A lens that is intended by the manufacturer to be interchangeable by the user. representative test lenses. Lenses produced of the same materials, coatings, minimum thick-nesses, lens surfacing and framing processes as used by the manufacturer.

26、 resolving power. The measure of the ability of a lens to form separate images of two objects close together. retained. In this standard, the use of the word “retained” means that the lens is not separated or visibly displaced from the frame by more than 25% of its intended mounting structure or sup

27、-port. safety plate. The lens portion of the device that provides impact protection in the lens region of the protector. This is not a cover lens. scale. A designator in which the first character indicates the type of radiation protector and the second character is a number which increases with more

28、 attenuation. The radiation protector characters are U for an ultraviolet radiation atten-uator, R for infrared radiation attenuator and L for visible radiation attenuator. screen. A mesh or gauze material made of any suitable substance (e.g. metal wire, plastic fila-ment or fiber). ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-

29、2015 Page 5 shade, S. Related to luminous transmittance, TL (expressed as a fraction, not as a percent) by the equation: 1137 10 LTL ogSshall. In this standard, the use of the word “shall“ indicates a mandatory requirement. shell. A component of a welding helmet or hand-shield that covers the wearer

30、s face, ears and neck. should. In this standard, the use of the word “should“ indicates a recommendation. sideshield. A component of a spectacle that pro-vides lateral protection. special purpose filters/lenses. Filters and lenses which meet the requirements of Table 10, but may or may not meet the

31、requirements of Table 6, 7, 8 or 9. They are designed for specific appli-cations. spectacle. A protector intended to shield the wearers eyes from certain hazards, as indicated by the spectacles marking. switching index. The response time of an auto-matic darkening welding filter lens is defined as:

32、)3( 01 2 )(1 TTtt dttTTn d e xS w i t c h i n g I where: t = 0 is the time at which the arc ignites, T1 is the luminous transmittance at the designat-ed light state, T2 is the luminous transmittance at the designated dark state, tT=3T2 is the time at which the luminous transmittance falls to three t

33、imes the luminous transmittance in the dark state. NOTE: During short term exposure to light, the dis-comfort of bright light is approximately proportional to the product of the illuminance at the eye and time. The time dependence of the darkening process can differ for different designs of filters

34、where the lumi-nous transmittance varies with time. It is therefore appropriate to define the response time of an automatic darkening filter lens as an integral of the luminous transmittance over time and not merely by the initial and final luminous transmittance. temple. A spectacle component that

35、extends par-tially around the head or behind the ear of the wearer. tinted lens. A lens with color such as amber, smoke, or cobalt which may not meet the re-quirements of Table 6, 7, 8 or 9. type tests. One or more tests performed on an item to approve a material, construction, model or design to de

36、termine if it is capable of meeting the requirements of a product standard. ultraviolet radiation (UV). Electromagnetic energy with wavelengths from 200 to 380 na-nometers. variable tint lens. A lens which darkens or fades by some mechanism, excluding automatic dark-ening welding filters. These are

37、typically photo-chromic lenses and may or may not meet the re-quirements of Table 6, 7, 8 or 9. visible light filter. A filter lens intended for the attenuation of visible light. This may be a sun-glass or special purpose lens. welding goggle. A goggle intended to provide optical radiation protectio

38、n for limited welding applications. welding faceshield. A faceshield intended to provide optical radiation protection for specific welding applications. welding filter lens. A lens specified for use for welding or brazing. welding helmet. A device intended to provide protection specifically to the e

39、yes and face against welding-related optical radiation and weld spatter. welding respirator. A respirator intended to provide optical radiation protection for welding operations. ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2015 Page 6 window. The lens portion of a faceshield (see “lens”). 4. Normative References The following

40、documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute mandatory provisions of this standard. Other re-source materials, which do not contain mandatory provisions, are listed in Annex I. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists - Threshold Limit Values for C

41、hemical Substances and Physical Agents fracture; penetration of the inner surface either by the projectile passing completely through the lens, frame or housing component, or by rupture of the inner lens surface; lens not retained; for the high-velocity test, the unaided eye ob-serves any piece adhe

42、ring to the contact paste, or observes contact paste on the projectile or complete device. In the case of plano protectors with a prescription lens carrier, contact of the prescription lens carri-er with the headform does not constitute a failure. 6.2.2 High Mass Impact When tested in accordance wit

43、h Section 9.11, the complete device shall meet the protector ac-ceptance criteria when impacted by a pointed pro-jectile weighing a minimum of 500 g (17.6 oz) dropped from a height of at least 127 cm (50.0 in.). 6.2.3 High Velocity Impact When tested in accordance with Section 9.12, the complete dev

44、ice shall meet the protector ac-ceptance criteria when impacted by either steel ball traveling at its respective velocities specified in Table 5. Table 5. High Velocity Impact Testing Device type Minimum Velocity 6.35 mm (0.25 in.) diameter steel ball 6.00 mm (0.24 in.) diameter steel ball Welding h

45、elmets 45.7 m/s (150 ft/s) 50.9 m/s (167 ft/s) Spectacles Readers Magnifiers 45.7 m/s (150 ft/s) 50.9 m/s (167 ft/s) Goggles Full facepiece respirators 76.2 m/s (250 ft/s) 84.7 m/s (278 ft/s) Faceshields Loose-fitting respirators 91.4 m/s (300 ft/s) 101.5 m/s (333 ft/s) Note: The paired velocities a

46、nd ball diameters are de-signed to provide impacts of comparable kinetic energy. ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2015 Page 12 6.2.4 Penetration Test (lenses only) When tested in accordance with Section 9.13, lenses for all complete devices shall meet the pro-tector acceptance criteria when penetrated by a weighted

47、needle with minimum a total weight of 44.2 g (1.56 oz) dropped from a height of at least 127 cm (50.0 in.). 6.2.5 Prescription Lens Material Qualifica-tion When tested in accordance with Section 9.14, representative test lenses for use in prescription protectors shall be capable of resisting impact

48、from either a 6.0 mm (0.24 in.) or a 6.35 mm (0.25 in.) diameter steel ball traveling at the re-spective velocities specified in Table 5. When tested in accordance with this section, the lens shall fail if any of the following occurs: posterior displacement of the lens completely through the test ho

49、lder; fracture of the lens; any detachment of a portion of the lens from its inner surface; or any full thickness penetration of a lens. Failure of any lens constitutes a failure. If all test lenses pass, then any prescription lens of the same or greater thickness at its thinnest point, which is made by the same manufacturer, from the same material, with the same coatings and processes may bear the “+” mark. 6.2.6 Prescription Lens Mounting Qualifica-tion When tested in accordance with Section 9.11 and Section 9.12 complete devices using represent