ANSI ISO 3463-2017 Tractors for agriculture and forestry - Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) - Dynamic test method and acceptance conditions.pdf

1、 ASABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017 Tractors for agriculture and forestry Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) Dynamic test method and acceptance conditions American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicate

2、d to advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural, food, and biological systems. ASABE Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricult

3、ural field equipment, farmstead equipment, structures, soil and water resource management, turf and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, an

4、d Data are informational and advisory only. Their use by anyone engaged in industry or trade is entirely voluntary. The ASABE assumes no responsibility for results attributable to the application of ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data. Conformity does not ensure compliance with applicab

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6、 the revision approval date. Newly developed Standards, Engineering Practices and Data approved after July of 2005 are designated as “ASABE“. Standards designated as “ANSI“ are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires

7、 verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests.

8、Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time.

9、Additionally, procedures of ASABE require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Ml 49085-9659, USA, phone 269-429-0300, fax 269-42

10、9-3852, hqasabe.org S T A N D A R D ASABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 1 ASABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017 Approved September 2017 as an American National Standard Tractors for agriculture and forestry Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) Dyna

11、mic test method and acceptance conditions These materials are subject to copyright claims of ISO and ASABE. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ASABE. All requests pertaining to ASABE/ISO 3463:20

12、06 SEP2017 standard should be submitted to ASABE. This standard was reviewed and approved for adoption by the ASABE Machinery System Agricultural Machinery Common Tests subcommittee. The adoption of this standard was made possible by the signing of 2004 SAE-ASABE copyright agreements, which gave ASA

13、BE a royalty-free license to publish in whole or in part SAE standard document J2194. Approved as an ASABE standard and approved by ANSI September 2017. Keywords: Roll-over, ROPS, Safety, Test procedure, Tractor 0 Foreword 0.1 ASABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017, Tractors for agriculture and forestry Roll-o

14、ver protective structures (ROPS) Dynamic test method and acceptance conditions, is an adoption without modification of the identically titled ISO standard ISO 3463:2006, Tractors for agriculture and forestry Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) Dynamic test method and acceptance conditions. 0.2 AS

15、ABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017 specifies a dynamic test method and the acceptance conditions for roll-over protective structures (cab or frame) of wheeled tractors for agriculture and forestry. It is applicable to tractors having at least two axles for wheels mounted with pneumatic tyres, or having track

16、s instead of wheels, with an unballasted tractor mass of not less than 600 kg, but generally less than 6 000 kg, and with a minimum track width of the rear wheels greater than 1 150 mm. 0.3 Three normative references are listed in ISO 3463:2006. These references have been reviewed and accepted as pa

17、rt of the adoption of the ISO document in ASABE adoption number. 0.4 This standard has been approved as an American National standard by ANSI (American National Standard Institute). The original content of ISO 3463 was based on SAE J2194. The 2004 SAE-ASABE MOU gives ASABE copyright and royalty-free

18、 publishing rights to SAE J2194 and international derivative standards. 0.5 Product labelled to reference ISO 3463 shall be deemed compliant to ASABE/ISO 3463. Text of ISO 3463:2006, Tractors for agriculture and forestry Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) Dynamic test method and acceptance condi

19、tions, follows. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a dynamic test method and the acceptance conditions for roll-over protective structures (cab or frame) of wheeled tractors for agriculture and forestry. It is applicable to tractors having at least two axles for wheels mounted with pneuma

20、tic tyres, or having tracks instead of wheels, with an unballasted tractor mass of not less than 600 kg, but generally less than 6 000 kg, and with a minimum track width of the rear wheels greater than 1 150 mm. ASABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological En

21、gineers 2 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 630, Structu

22、ral steels Plates, wide flats, bars, sections and profiles ISO 5353:1995, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry Seat index point ASTM A370, Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose

23、s of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 roll-over protective structure ROPS framework protecting drivers of agricultural and forestry tractors that minimizes the likelihood of driver injury resulting from accidental overturning during normal operation NOTE: The ROPS is cha

24、racterized by the provision of space for a clearance zone, either inside the envelope of the structure or within a space bounded by a series of straight lines from the outer edges of the structure to any part of the tractor that might come into contact with flat ground and that is capable of support

25、ing the tractor in that position if the tractor overturns. 3.2 tractor mass mass of the unladen tractor in working order with tanks and radiators full, roll-over protective structure with cladding, and any track equipment or additional front-wheel drive components required for normal use NOTE: Not i

26、ncluded are the operator, optional ballast weights, additional wheel equipment, special equipment and loads. 3.3 reference mass mt mass, not less than the tractor mass, selected by the manufacturer for calculation of the energy inputs to be used in the tests 3.4 impact test application of a dynamic

27、load produced by a block acting as a pendulum 3.5 crushing test application of a vertical load through a beam placed laterally across the uppermost members of the roll-over protective structure. 3.6 longitudinal median plane longitudinal plane of symmetry zero Y plane vertical plane Y passing throug

28、h the mid-points of AB, perpendicular to AB, A and B being such that ASABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 3 for each wheel, the vertical plane passing through its axis cuts the mid-plane of the wheel following a straight line which meets the

29、 supporting surface of the vehicle at one point, and A and B are two points thus defined which correspond to two wheels, both of which are either steering or powered wheels, situated respectively at the two ends of the same real or imaginary axle See Figure 1. NOTE 1: The mid-plane of the dual wheel

30、s being equidistant from the inner edge of one wheel and the outer edge of the other, the straight line is, in this particular case, the intersection of the mid-plane of the dual wheels and the vertical plane passing through the axis of the axle pin. NOTE 2: Adapted from ISO 612:19781, Clause 5. 3.7

31、 reference plane vertical plane generally longitudinal to the tractor and passing through the seat index point and the steering-wheel centre. NOTE: Normally, this plane coincides with the longitudinal median plane of the tractor. Figure 1 Longitudinal median plane 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms For

32、 the purposes of this document, the symbols given in Table 1 are used. Table 1 Symbols Symbol Description Unit h Half of the horizontal seat adjustment mm v Half of the vertical seat adjustment mm E Energy input to be absorbed during the test J F Static load force N H Lift height of the pendulum blo

33、ck centre of gravity mm I Moment of inertia about the rear axle excluding the rear wheels kgm2 L Tractor reference wheel base mm mt Reference mass kg ASABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 4 5 Apparatus 5.1 Clearance zone framework Means to pr

34、ove that the clearance zone has not been entered during the test: a measuring rig in accordance with Figure 2 and Figure 11 a) and b) can be used. Key 1 Seat index point (SIP) Dimensions Remarks mm 0101BBAA100 Minimum 212121CCBBAA500 2121EEDD500 Minimum or equal to the steering-wheel radius plus 40

35、mm, whichever is greater 2121212121JJIIHHGGFF500 0201EEEE250 Minimum or equal to the steering-wheel radius plus 40 mm, whichever is greater J0E0300 F0G0 Depending on the tractorI0G0 C0D0 E0F0 NOTE: For other dimensions, see Figure 11 a) and b). Figure 2 Clearance zone measuring rig ASABE/ISO 3463:20

36、06 SEP2017 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 5 5.2 Impact test The impact test shall be carried out by means of the elements described in 5.2.1 to 5.2.5. 5.2.1 Device for striking blow against ROPS A pendulum block of mass of 2 000 kg. The pendulum block mass does n

37、ot include the mass of the chains. The maximum chain mass shall be 100 kg. The dimensions of the block, which shall be suspended from two chains from pivot points 6 m or more above ground level, shall be as shown in Figure 3. The pendulum block centre of gravity shall coincide with its geometric cen

38、tre. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 attachment for release mechanism 2 height adjustment 3 impact face 4 hooks to hold spare chain 5 centre of gravity axis 6 pendulum chains Figure 3 Illustration of pendulum block 5.2.2 Means to lash the tractor to the ground The tractor shall be lashed, by means o

39、f steel wire ropes incorporating tensioning devices, to ground rails preferably spaced approximately 600 mm apart throughout the area immediately below the pivot points and extending for approximately 9 m along the pendulum block axis and approximately 1 800 mm to either side. The points of attachme

40、nt of the lashings shall be approximately 2 000 mm behind the rear axle and 1 500 mm in front of the front axle. There shall be two lashings on each axle: one on each side of the median plane of the tractor. The lashings shall be steel cable of from 12,5 to 15 mm diameter, with tensile strength of f

41、rom 1 100 MPa to 1 260 MPa. Details of the means are given in Figures 4, 5 and 6. 5.2.3 Softwood beam Softwood beam, of cross-section 150 mm 150 mm, used to restrain the rear wheels when striking from the front and rear, and to clamp against the side of the front and rear wheels when striking from t

42、he side, as shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6. ASABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 6 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 positioning tie 2 150 mm square softwood beam clamped behind both rear wheels after anchoring 3 travel arc of pendulum block cen

43、tre of gravity passing through contact point Figure 4 Example of lashing method Rear impact Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 positioning tie 2 150 mm square softwood beam clamped behind both rear wheels after anchoring 3 travel arc of pendulum block centre of gravity passing through contact point Fig

44、ure 5 Example of lashing method Front impact ASABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 7 Key 1 travel arc of pendulum block centre of gravity passing through contact point 2 lashing (see 6.2.3) 3 150 mm square softwood beam 4 wooden prop a chamfe

45、red b rounded to secure contact against rim Figure 6 Example of lashing method Side impact 5.2.4 Wooden prop Wooden prop, used to restrain the opposite rear wheel when striking from the side as shown in Figure 6. Its length shall be 20 to 25 times its thickness and its width 2 to 3 times its thickne

46、ss. 5.2.5 Device for measuring elastic deflection Device used to measure elastic deflection, such as that shown in Figure 7, in a horizontal plane that coincides with the upper limiting surface of the clearance zone. 5.3 Crushing tests The crushing tests shall be carried out by means of the elements

47、 described in 5.3.1 and 5.3.2. 5.3.1 Means of applying downward force on the ROPS, such as that shown in Figure 8, including a stiff beam with a width of 250 mm. 5.3.2 Equipment for measuring the total vertical force applied. ASABE/ISO 3463:2006 SEP2017 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and

48、 Biological Engineers 8 Key 1 permanent deflection 2 elastic deflection 3 total (permanent plus elastic) deformation 4 friction collar 5 horizontal rod attached to frame 6 vertical bar attached to tractor chassis Figure 7 Example of device for measuring elastic deflection Key 1 force 2 universal pin

49、 joints 3 hydraulic cylinder 4 supports under front and rear axles 5 crushing beam Figure 8 Example of arrangement for crushing test 6 Preparation of tractor and ROPS for testing 6.1 General 6.1.1 The roll-over protective structure shall be manufactured to production specifications and shall be fitted to the appropriate tractor model chassis in accordance with the manufacturers declared attachment method. 6.1.2 A track