1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISOJIEC 13549 First edition 1993-I 2-l 5 Information technology - Data interchange on 130 mm optical disk cartridges - Capacity: I,3 gigabytes per cartridge Technologies de Iinforma tion - khange de donnkes sur cartouches de disque optique de diam - the environments in which t
2、he cartridges are to be operated and stored; - the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the case and of the cartridges, so as to provide mechanical interchangeability between the data processing systems; - the format of the information on the disk, both embossed and user-written,
3、including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correction codes, and the modulation method used; - the characteristics of the embossed information on the disk; - the magneto-optical characteristics of the disk, enabling processing systems to write data onto the disk; - the m
4、inimum quality of user-written data on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read data from the disk. This International Standard provides for interchange between optical disk drives. Together with a standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data p
5、rocessing systems. 2 Conformance 2.1 Optical disk cartridge (ODC) An optical disk cartridge claiming conformance with this International Standard shall specify its Type. It shall be in conformance if it meets all mandatory requirements specified herein for that Type. 2.2 Generating system A claim of
6、 conformance with this International Standard shall specify which Type(s) is (are) supported. A system generating an ODC for interchange shall be entitled to claim conformance with this International Standard if it meets the mandatory requirements of this Standard for the Type(s) specified. 2.3 Rece
7、iving system A claim of conformance with this International Standard shall specify which Type(s) is (are) supported. A system receiving an ODC for interchange shall be entitled to claim conformance with this International Standard if it is able to handle any ODC which conforms to this International
8、Standard for the Type(s) specified. 3 Normative reference The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and pa
9、rties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standard listed below. 1 ISO/IEC 13549:1993 (E) EC 950: 1991, Safety of information technology equipment, including electrical business equipment 4 Defin
10、itions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 band : A part of the Data Zone comprising a futed number of consecutive physical tracks with data embossed or recorded at a constant fr
11、equency. case : The housing for an optical disk, that protects the disk and facilitates disk interchange. Channel bit : The smallest element of data on a disk. It is recorded as either a space or a mark. Two channel bits are used to represent one user bit. Clamping Zone : The annular part of the dis
12、k within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device. control track : A track containing the information on media parameters and format necessary for writing, reading and erasing the remaining tracks on the optical disk. Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) : A method for detecting errors in
13、 data. defect management : A method for handling the defective areas on the disk. disk reference plane : A plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the Clamping Zone of the disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation. entrance surface : The
14、surface of the disk on to which the optical beam first impinges. Error Correction Code (ECC) : An error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in data. format : The arrangement or layout of the data on the disk. fully embossed disk : An optical disk caiiridge in which all data fi
15、elds in the Data Zone are embossed. fully rewritable disk : An optical disk cartridge in which the data in specified areas can be rewritten by an optical bfxm. hub : The central feature on the disk which interacts with the spindle of the disk drive to provide radial centring and the clamping force.
16、interleaving : The process of allocating the physical sequence of units of data so as to render the data more immune to burst errors. Kerr rotation : The rotation of the plane of polarization of an optical beam upon reflection from the recording layer as caused by the magneto-optical Kerr effect. la
17、nd and groove : A trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to defme the track location. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the land with which it is paired to form a track. ISO/IEC 13549:1993 (E) 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 optica
18、l disk : A disk that will accept and retain information in the form of marks in a recording layer or have these marks pre-recorded, that can be read with an optical beam. 4.23 optical disk cartridge (ODC) : A device consisting of a case containing an optical disk. 4.24 partially embossed disk : An o
19、ptical disk cartridge which contains both rewritable and embossed data fields in the Data Zone. 4.25 physical track : The path which is followed by the focus of the optical beam during one revolution of the disk. 4.26 physical track group : A fixed number of consecutive physical tracks in the Data Z
20、one. 4.27 pitch : The distance between adjacent physical track centrelines, measured in a radial direction. 4.28 polarization : The direction of polarization of an optical beam is the direction of the electric vector of the beam. NOTE 1 - The plane of polarization is the plane containing the electri
21、c vector and the direction of propagation of the beam. The polarization is right- handed when to an observer looking in the direction of propagation of the beam, the end-point of the electric vector would appear to describe an ellipse in the clockwise sense. 4.29 pre-recorded mark : A mark so formed
22、 as to be unalterable by magneto-optical means. 4.30 read power : The optical power, incident at the entrance surface of the disk, used when reading. NOTE 2 - It is specified as a maximum power that may be used without damage to the written data. Lower power may be used provided that the signal-to-n
23、oise ratio and other requirements of this International Standard are met. 4.31 recording layer : A layer of the disk on, or in, which data is written during manufacture and/or use. 4.32 Reed-Solomon code : An error detection and/or correction code which is particularly suited to the correction of er
24、rors which occur in bursts or are strongly correlated. 4.33 4.34 4.35 logical track : Either 31 consecutive sectors for disks with 512-byte sectors or 17 consecutive sectors for disks with 1024-byte sectors. The first sector of each logical track is assigned Sector Number 0. Logical ZCAV : A disk fo
25、rmat requiring Zoned Constant Angular Velocity operation and with tracks in the Data Zone all being logical tracks. mark : A feature of the recording layer which may take the form of a magnetic domain, a pit, or any other type or form that can be sensed by the optical system. The pattern of marks re
26、presents the data on the disk. ODC with write once, read multiple functionality : An optical disk cartridge which can be initialized only once and the data in specified areas can be written only once after initialization. spindle : The part of the disk drive which contacts the disk and/or hub. subst
27、rate : A transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recording layer, through which the optical beam accesses the recording layer. write-inhibit hole : A hole in the case which, when detected by the drive to be open, inhibits both write and erase operations. 3 ISO/IEC 13549
28、:1993 (E) 5 Conventions and notations 5.1 Representation of numbers - A measured value is rounded off to the least significant digit of the corresponding specified value. Thus, a specified value of 1.26 with a positive tolerance of + 0.01, and a negative tolerance of -0.02 allows a range of measured
29、 values from 1,235 to 1,275. - Letters and digits in parentheses represent numbers in hexadecimal notation. - The setting of a bit is denoted by ZERO or ONE. - Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are represented by strings of ZEROS and 0NE.s. - In each field the information is recorded s
30、o that the most significant byte (byte 0) is recorded ftrst. Within each byte the least significant bit is numbered bit 0, the most significant bit (i.e. bit 7 in an 8-bit byte) is recorded fust. This order of recording applies also to the data input of the error-correcting codes, to the cyclic redu
31、ndancy code, and to their output. - Bit combinations are shown with the most significant bit to the left. - Negative values are expressed in TWOs complement notation. - Unless otherwise stated, all track numbers refer to logical tracks. 5.2 NaIW!S The name of entities, e.g. specific tracks, fields,
32、etc., is shown with a capital initial. 6 List of acronyms Auto Laser Power Control AM Address Mark CRC Cyclic Redundancy Code DDS Disk Definition Structure DMA Defect Management Area ECC Error Correction Code ID Identifier ODC Optical Disk Cartridge ODF Offset Detection Flag O-ROM Optical Read Only
33、Memory PA Postamble PDL primary Defect List PEP Phase-Encoded Part of the Control Tracks P-ROM Partial Read Only Memory 2.7) Run Length Limited (code) R-S LDC Reed-Solomon Long Distance Code Rewritable SCSI Small Computer System Interface SDL secondary Defect List SFP Standard Formatted Part of the
34、Control Tracks SM Sector Mark Variable Frequency Oscillator wo Write Once ZCAV Zoned Constant Angular Velocity 7 General description of the optical disk cartridge The optical disk cartridge which is the subject of this International Standard consists of a case containing an optical disk. An optical
35、beam is used to write data to, or to read data from, or to erase data from, the disk. 4 ISO/IEC 13549:1993 (E) The case is a protective enclosure for the disk. It has access windows covered by a shutter. The windows are automatically uncovered by the drive when the cartridge is inserted into it. The
36、 disk is intended for use in a drive with optical access from one side only. To gain access to the second side of a disk, the cartridge has to be reversed before insertion into the drive. A disk consists of two sides of the same Type, assembled together with the recording layers on the inside. Part
37、of the disk or the entire disk may contain read-only data in the form of pits embossed by the manufacturer. This data can be read using the diffraction of the optical beam by the embossed pits. The entire disk may be of Type WO. 8 General requirements 8.1 Environments 8.1.1 Testing environment The t
38、est environment is the environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge shall have the following properties: temperature :23 “C + 2 “C relative humidity (RH) :45 % to 55 % atmospheric pressure :60 kPa to 106 kPa air cleanliness :Class 100 000 (see annex A) No condensation
39、 on or in the optical disk shall occur. Before testing, the optical disk cartridge shall be conditioned in this environment for 48 h minimum. It is recommended that, before testing, the entrance surface of the optical disk be cleaned according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the disk. Unl
40、ess otherwise stated all test and measurements shall be made in this testing environment. 8.1.2 Operating environment This International Standard requires that an optical disk cartridge which meets all requirements of this International Standard in the specified test environment provide data interch
41、ange over the specified ranges of environmental parameters in the operating environment. The operating environment is the environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge shall have the following properties: temperature :5 “C to 55 “C relative humidity :3 % to 85 % absolu
42、te humidity :1g/m3t030g/m3 atmospheric pressure :60 kPa to 106 kPa temperature gradient : 10 “C /h max. relative humidity gradient :lO % /h max. air cleanliness :Office environment (see annex G) magnetic field strength at the recording layer for any condi- tion under which a beam is in focus :32 000
43、 A/m max. magnetic field strength at the recording layer during any other condition :48 000 A/m max. 5 ISO/IEC 13549:1993 (E) No condensation on or in the ODC shall occur. If an ODC has been exposed to conditions outside those specified in this clause, it shall be acclimatized in an allowed operatin
44、g environment for at least 2 h before use. (See also annex H.) 8.1.3 Storage environment The optical disk cartridge without any protective enclosure shall not be stored in an environment outside the range allowed for storage. The storage environment, defined as the environment where the air immediat
45、ely surrounds the optical disk cartridge, shall have the following properties: temperature :-10 “C to 55 “C relative humidity :3 % to 90 % absolute humidity :1g/m3t030g/m3 atmospheric pressure 60 kPa to 106 kPa temperature gradient : 15 “C /h max. relative humidity gradient :lO %/h max. air cleanlin
46、ess :Office environment (see annex G) magnetic field :48 000 A/m max. No condensation on or in the ODC shall be allowed to occur. 8.1.4 Transportation This International Standard does not specify requirements for transportation; guidance is given in annex J. 8.2 Temperature shock The optical disk ca
47、rtridge shall withstand a temperature shock of up to 20 “C when inserted into, or removed from, the drive. 8.3 Safety requirements The cartridge shall satisfy the safety requirements of IEC 950, when used in the intended manner or in any foreseeable use in an information processing system. 8.4 Flamm
48、ability The cartridge and its components shall be made from materials that comply with the flammability class for HB materials, or, as specified in IEC 950. 9 Reference Drive The Reference Drive is a drive several critical components of which have well defined properties and which is used to test wr
49、ite, read and erase parameters of the disk for conformance to this International Standard. The critical components vary from test to test. This clause gives an outline of all components; components critical for tests in specific clauses only are specified in these clauses. 9.1 Optical system The basic set-up of the optical system of the Reference Drive for measuring the write, read, and erase parameters is shown in figure 1. Different components and locations of components are permitted, providing that the performance remains the same as that of the set-up in figure 1. The optical system sh
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