ANSI N42.34-2006 Performance Criteria for Hand-held Instruments for the Detection and Identification of Radionuclides《放射性核素检测和识别用手持式仪器的性能标准》.pdf

1、ANSI N42.34-2006(Revision ofANSI N42.34-2003)American National StandardPerformance Criteria for Hand-HeldInstruments for the Detection and Identification of RadionuclidesI E E E3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA22 January 2007Accredited by the American National Standards InstituteSponsored b

2、y theNational Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electroni

3、cs Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-i Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. American National Standard Performance Criteria for Hand-Held Instruments for the Detection and Identification of R

4、adionuclides Sponsor National Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42 Accredited by the American National Standards Institute Secretariat Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Approved 28 August 2006 American National Standards Institute ANSI N42.34-2006 (Revision of ANSI N42.3

5、4-2003) Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ii Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Abstract: The performance requirements for hand-held ra

6、dionuclide identifying instruments are described in this standard. The requirements stated are based on instruments used in support of efforts associated with the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Keywords: radionuclide identifiers, restrictive mode, routine mode _ The Institute of Electrical an

7、d Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2007 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 22 January 2007. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1-978-75

8、0-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or

9、 networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-v Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction This standard is the responsibility of the Accredited American Standards Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42. The standard was approved on N42 letter ballot of JulyAugust 2006. Notice

10、to users Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/ standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the foll

11、owing URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or

12、validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents or patent applications for which a license may be required to implement an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to

13、its attention. This introduction is not part of ANSI N42.34-2006, American National Standard Performance Criteria for Hand-Held Instruments for the Detection and Identification of Radionuclides. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with

14、IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Participants At the time it approved this revision, the Accredited Standards Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42, had the following membership: Michael P. Unterweger, Chair Louis Costrell, Deputy Chair Wil

15、liam Ash, Administrative Secretary Organization Represented.Name of Representative Bartlett Services .Morgan Cox Canberra .Markku Koskelo Chew, M.H .Jack M. Selby Commerce Dept, U.S. NIST .Michael Unterweger Louis Costrell (Alt.) Consultant Frank X. Masse Department of Homeland Security .Peter Shebe

16、ll Entergy-ANO .Ron Schwartz Health Physics Society .Sandy Perle IEEE Louis Costrell .Julian Forster (Alt.) .Anthony Spurgin (Alt.) .Michael P. Unterweger (Alt.) International Medcom .Don Sythe Lawrence Berkeley National Lab . Edward J. Lampo Lawrence Livermore National Lab .Gary Johnson NASA, GSFC

17、.Sachidananda R. Babu Nuclear Regulatory Commission Cynthia Jones Nuclear Stds Unlimited Al N. Tschaeche ORNL . Peter J. Chiaro, Jr. .Charles Britton (Alt.) ORTEC .Ronald M. Keyser Pacific NW Labs .Richard Kouzes Swinth Associates .Kenneth L. Swinth U.S. Army .Edward Groeber Members-At-Large .Ernest

18、o Corte .Joseph C. McDonald .Paul L. Phelps .Joseph Stencel .Lee J. Wagner vi Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license f

19、rom IHS-,-,-At the time this standard was approved, Subcommittee N42.RPI had the following members: Morgan Cox, Co-Chair Jack M. Selby, Co-Chair Dru Carson Peter J. Chiaro, Jr. Jack Cooley Leo Faust Edward Groeber Jerry Hiatt Mark M. Hoover Ron Keyser Joseph C. McDonald Robert Murphy Cheryl Olson Sc

20、ott Rogers Michael P. Unterweger Ed Walker Chuan-Fu Wu At the time this standard was approved, the ANSI 42.34 Working Group had the following members: Peter J. Chiaro, Jr., Chair and Project Leader Jeff Chapman Steve Costigan Donald Gregory Tom Hazlett Sam Hitch Jens Hovgaard Scott Hulse Cynthia Jon

21、es Ron Keyser Siraj Khan Richard Oxford Leticia Pibida Alan Proctor Radoslav Radev Peter Shebell Michael P. Unterweger Will Whitehorn vii Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for Res

22、aleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 2. Normative references 1 3. Definitions 2 4. General considerations . 6 4.1 Standard test conditions. 6 4.2 Units and uncertainties 6 4.3 Special word usage 7 5. General charac

23、teristics 7 5.1 General 7 5.2 Test preparation . 8 5.3 Operating modes 8 5.4 Markings 9 5.5 Communication interface. 9 5.6 User interface. 10 5.7 Warm-up time 10 5.8 Battery power 11 5.9 Effective range of measurement 12 5.10 Spectral identification 12 5.11 Personnel protection alarm 13 5.12 Explosi

24、ve atmospheres 13 6. Radiological tests 14 6.1 General test information 14 6.2 Response time 14 6.3 Gamma-ray exposure rate indication. 15 6.4 Alarms . 15 6.5 Radionuclide identification 15 6.6 Single radionuclide 16 6.7 Simultaneous radionuclide identification 17 6.8 Interfering ionizing radiation

25、(gamma-rays) 17 6.9 Interfering ionizing radiation (beta). 18 6.10 False identification 18 6.11 Interference from surrounding material. 18 6.12 Variation of identification based on angle of incidence. 19 6.13 Neutron response . 19 6.14 Over-range characteristics for identification . 19 6.15 Determin

26、ation of full-energy-peak efficiency . 20 6.16 Determination of full width-half maximum (FWHM). 20 6.17 Over-range characteristics for exposure rate indication. 21 6.18 Neutron indication in the presence of photons. 21 viii Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of Electri

27、cal and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-7. Environmental performance requirements . 22 7.1 Ambient temperature influence . 22 7.2 Temperature shock 22 7.3 Relative humidity (RH) . 23

28、 7.4 Moisture and dust protection . 24 7.5 Cold temperature start up. 25 8. Electromagnetic performance requirements . 25 8.1 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) 25 8.2 Radio frequency (RF) susceptibility 26 8.3 Radiated emissions 27 8.4 Conducted immunity . 27 8.5 Magnetic fields 28 9. Mechanical perform

29、ance requirements. 28 9.1 Vibration 28 9.2 Mechanical shock 29 9.3 Impact (microphonics). 29 10. Documentation . 30 10.1 Certificate 30 10.2 Operation and maintenance manual. 30 Annex A (informative) Bibliography . 31 A.1 General 31 A.2 Detectors. 31 A.3 Detection and identification instruments 32 A

30、.4 Radiological protection instruments . 32 A.5 Electromagnetic compatibility 33 A.6 Units, quantities, calibrations 33 Annex B (informative) Detector tests. 34 Annex C (informative) Sample user interface evaluation technique 35 ix Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of

31、 Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduc

32、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-American National Standard Performance Criteria for Hand-Held Instruments for the Detection and Identification of Radionuclides 1. 1.11.22. Overview Scope This standard specifies general requirements and test procedures, radiation response re

33、quirements, and electrical, mechanical, and environmental requirements. Successful completion of the tests described in this standard should not be construed as an ability to identify all radionuclides in all environments. Purpose This standard addresses instruments that can be used for homeland sec

34、urity applications to detect and identify radionuclides, for gamma-ray exposure rate measurement, and for indication of neutron radiation. Normative references This standard shall be used in conjunction with the following publications. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undate

35、d references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. ANSI N42.22, American National StandardTraceability of Radioactive Sources to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Associated Instrument Quality Control.1ANSI N42.23

36、, American National Standard Measurement and Associated Instrumentation Quality Assurance for Radioassay Laboratories. 1The ANSI N42 publications included in this clause are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA (http:/sta

37、ndards.ieee.org/). 1 Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ANSI N42.34-2006 American National Standard P

38、erformance Criteria for Hand-Held Instruments for the Detection and Identification of Radionuclides 2 Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. ANSI N42.42, American National Standard Data Format Standard for Radiation Detectors Used for Homeland Security.2FCC Rules, Code of Federal Regulations, Tit

39、le 47, Part 15, Radio Frequency Devices.3IAEA Safety Guide No. RS-G-1.9, Categorization of Radioactive Sources.4IEC 60068-1, Environmental TestingPart 1: General Guidance.5IEC 60068-2-18, Environmental TestingPart 2-18: TestsTest R and Guidance: Water. IEC 60068-2-75, Environmental TestingPart 2-75:

40、 TestsTest Eh: Hammer Tests. IEC 60529, Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures (IP Code), IP53. IEC 61000-4-1, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Part 4-1: Testing and Measurement TechniquesOverview of IEC 61000-4 Series. IEC 61000-4-2, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)Part 4-2: Testing an

41、d Measurement Techniques Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Test. IEC 61000-4-3, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)Part 4-3: Testing and Measurement Techniques Radiated, Radio-Frequency, Electromagnetic Field Immunity Test. IEC 61000-4-6, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)Part 4-6: Testing and Measu

42、rement TechniquesImmunity to Conducted Disturbances, Induced by Radio-Frequency Fields. IEC 61455, Nuclear InstrumentationMCA Histogram Data Interchange Format for Nuclear Spectroscopy. ISO/IEC 4037-3, X and Gamma Reference Radiation for Calibrating Dosemeters and Doserate Meters and for Determining

43、 the Response as a Function of Photon EnergyPart 3: Calibration of Area and Personal Dosemeters and Measurement of Their Response as a Function of Energy and Angle of Incidence.63. Definitions The following definitions apply to this standard, as well as to ANSI N42.32 B117, ANSI N42.33 B12, and ANSI

44、 N42.35 B13, all of which have been developed at the request of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for instruments to be used by DHS and emergency responders. . 3.1 A-weighted sound level: The frequency weighting of an acoustic spectrum according to a standardized frequency response curv

45、e based on the frequency response of the human ear. 2The ANSI N42.42 schema can be obtained from http:/physics.nist.gov/Divisions/Div846/Gp4/ANSIN4242/xml.html. 3CFR publications are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. Box 37082, Washington, DC 20013-7082, USA (http:/www.access.gpo.gov/). 4IAEA publications are available from the International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, Wagner Strasse 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria (http:/www.iaea.org). 5IEC publications are available from the Sales Depart