1、ANSI N42.37-2006American National Standard for Training Requirements for Homeland Security Purposes Using Radiation Detection Instrumentationfor Interdiction and PreventionI E E E3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA12 April 2007Accredited by the American National Standards InstituteSponsored b
2、y theNational Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electroni
3、cs Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ANSI N42.37-2006 American National Standard for Training Requirements for Homeland Security Purposes Using Radiation Detection Instrumentation for Interdiction
4、 and Prevention Sponsor National Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42 Accredited by the American National Standards Institute Secretariat Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Approved 12 December 2006 American National Standards Institute Copyright The Institute of Electric
5、al and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Abstract: Training requirements for homeland security purposes using radiation detection instrumentation for interdiction and prevention are de
6、scribed. Keywords: homeland security, interdiction and prevention, radiation detection instruments, training _ The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2007 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rig
7、hts reserved. Published 12 April 2007. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1-978-750-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Co
8、pyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Introduction This introduction is not part of ANSI N42.37-2006, American National Standard for Training Requir
9、ements for Homeland Security Purposes Using Radiation Detection Instrumentation for Interdiction and Prevention. This standard is the responsibility of the Accredited American Standards Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42. The standard was approved by the N42 letter ballot of SeptemberOctobe
10、r 2006. Notice to users Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/ standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be acces
11、sed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to th
12、e existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents or patent applications for which a license may be required to implement an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that
13、are brought to its attention. v Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Participants At the time it approv
14、ed this standard, the Accredited Standards Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42, had the following membership: Michael P. Unterweger, Chair Louis Costrell, Deputy Chair William Ash, Administrative Secretary Organization RepresentedName of Representative Bartlett Services .Morgan Cox Canberra
15、Markku Koskelo Chew, M.H .Jack M. Selby Commerce Dept, U.S. NIST .Michael P. Unterweger .Louis Costrell (Alt.) Consultant Frank X. Masse Department of Homeland Security .Peter Shebell Entergy-ANO .Ron Schwartz Health Physics Society .Sandy Perle IEEE Louis Costrell .Julian Forster (Alt.) .Anthony Sp
16、urgin (Alt.) Michael P. Unterweger (Alt.) International Medcom Don Sythe Lawrence Berkeley National Lab .Edward J. Lampo Lawrence Livermore National Lab .Gary Johnson NASA, GSFC .Sachidananda R. Babu Nuclear Regulatory Commission Cynthia Jones Nuclear Stds Unlimited Al N. Tschaeche ORNL Peter J. Chi
17、aro, Jr. .Charles Britton (Alt.) ORTEC Ronald M. Keyser Pacific NW Labs .Richard Kouzes Swinth Associates .Kenneth L. Swinth U.S. Army Edward Groeber Members-At-Large .Ernesto Corte .Joseph C. McDonald .Paul L. Phelps .Joseph Stencel Lee J. Wagner vi Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyrig
18、ht The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-At the time this standard was approved, Subcommittee N42.HSI had the following membership: Morgan Cox, Co-Chair Mic
19、hael P. Unterweger, Co-Chair Paul Bailey Peter J. Chiaro, Jr. David Gilliam Mark Hoover Cynthia Jones Ronald Keyser Richard Kouzes Joseph McDonald Leticia Pibida Brain Rees Peter Shebell David Trombino At the time this standard was approved, the ANSI 42.37 Working Group had the following members: Al
20、ex Boerner, Co-Chair Morgan Cox, Co-Chair and project leader Mark D. Hoover, Co-Secretary Joseph Ring, Co-Secretary Paul Bailey Warren Bowen Brooke Buddmeier John Donnachie Edward Groeber Richard Hansen Jerry Hiatt Robert Ingram Cynthia Jones Richard Kouzes Joseph McDonald Thomas OConnell Michael P.
21、 Unterweger Chuan-Fu Wu James Yusko Robert L. Zimmerman vii Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Conten
22、ts 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 1.3 Background 2 1.4 Special word usage 2 2. Normative references 3 3. Definitions and acronyms. 4 3.1 Definitions . 4 3.2 Acronyms 8 4. General requirements 9 4.1 Hierarchy of training . 9 4.2 Development of curricular materials . 9 4.3 Training provider
23、 requirements . 10 4.4 Qualifications of the instructor 11 4.5 Exceptions and waivers . 11 5. Training requirements 11 5.1 First level training 11 5.2 Second level training . 12 5.3 Third level of training 14 6. Documentation . 17 Annex A (informative) Bibliography . 18 Annex B (informative) Illustr
24、ations of potential training level and job category relationships for cognizant organizations 19 Annex C (informative) Information related to the general types of instruments covered by ANSI standards for U.S Homeland Security applications 20 C.1 Introduction. 20 C.2 Information related to instrumen
25、ts covered in ANSI N42.32 (personnel detectors). 20 C.3 Information related to instruments covered in ANSI N42.33 (portable radiation detectors) 21 C.4 Information related to instruments covered in ANSI N42.34 (portable radionuclide identifiers with neutron detection capability) . 22 C.5 Information
26、 related to instruments covered in ANSI N42.35 (portal radiation monitors) 23 Annex D (informative) Examples of common problems and errors associated with the use of radiation detection instrumentation that can be avoided by adequate training 25 Annex E (informative) Trainer qualification examples 2
27、6 viii Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1 Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. American Nation
28、al Standard for Training Requirements for Homeland Security Purposes Using Radiation Detection Instrumentation for Interdiction and Prevention 1. Overview 1.1 Scope The scope of this standard describes requirements for training in the use of personal radiation detectors (see ANSI N42.321), portable
29、radiation detection instruments (see ANSI N42.33), portable radionuclide identifiers (see ANSI N42.34), and portal radiation monitors (see ANSI N42.35). Other types of radiation detectors may be included in revisions of this standard as new equipment is developed. This standard provides training req
30、uirements for three identified and defined levels of training. Students who successfully complete training at the minimum requirements of this standard shall have a demonstrated competency appropriate for that training level. This includes a general understanding and background of the principles of
31、ionizing radiation, radiation effects, and radiation detection. The individual user organizations should develop training programs with content specific to their organizations and requirements. Training for incident manager or incident commander and response post-identification of a radiation source
32、 are beyond the scope of this standard. 1.2 Purpose This standard establishes minimum requirements and provides recommendations and guidelines for training users in basic radiation detection and the proper use of radiation detection instrumentation for homeland security interdiction and prevention a
33、pplications. Reference to response in this document is only for pre-event preparations. This standard does not cover mission-specific procedures and protocols. This training is intended primarily for organizations involved in detection and interdiction efforts, including law enforcement, transit pol
34、ice, private sector security personnel, the U.S. Postal Service, and private shippers. 1For information on references, see Clause 2. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted with
35、out license from IHS-,-,-ANSI N42.37-2006 American National Standard for Training Requirements for Homeland Security Purposes Using Radiation Detection Instrumentation for Interdiction and Prevention 1.31.4Background This standard is a strategic document outlining requirements for pre-event training
36、. The details of post-event training of specific individuals for specific purposes are located in related documents developed and being developed by ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) and the NFPA (National Fire Protection Association), as referenced by ANSI N13. The intention of the
37、first level of training is to provide a limited understanding of radiation without creating a sense of fear or overloading the student with extensive details traditionally presented with radiation training sessions. The overview should describe radioactivity in the context of detecting the presence
38、of illicit radioactive material and nuclear/radiological weapons of mass destruction. The natural radioactivity discussion should help the student understand that radiation is omnipresent and encountered in daily life. The discussion of radiation protection principles shall focus on the basic operat
39、ion of radiation detectors and how radiation exposures can be minimized. The objectives of the second and third levels of training are to present additional tasks in radiation detection, assessment, and identification and to present instrument training for usage in interdiction and prevention. Those
40、 objectives are outlined in Clause 5. Note that the NFPA 472 training levels of operational, operational with mission-specific competencies, and hazardous materials technician for response are equivalent to levels 1, 2, and 3, respectively, described in this standard. Note also that NFPA 472 describ
41、es an awareness level of training. Awareness level training is the responsibility of individual organizations and is outside of the scope of this standard. The instruments addressed in this standard are intended for use in radiation detection and not as traditional health physics instrumentation for
42、 radiation protection or radiation dosimetry. However, these instruments may also be used to evaluate radiation hazards. Many of the core training competencies may be currently included in existing training programs. This standard emphasizes the additional specialized knowledge and training needed f
43、or use of these instruments for Homeland Security applications. The precise definition of “appropriate actions” to be taken in a given situation is the responsibility of the user organization and is outside the scope of this standard. The Annexes to this standard include illustrations of potential t
44、raining level and job category relationships for responder organizations; information related to the general types of instruments covered by Department of Homeland Security standards; examples of common problems and errors associated with the use of radiation detection instrumentation that can be av
45、oided by adequate training; and trainer qualification examples. Special word usage The following word usage applies throughout this standard: “Shall” signifies a mandatory requirement. Where appropriate a qualifying statement is included to indicate that there may be an allowable exception. “Should”
46、 signifies a recommended specification or method. “May” signifies an acceptable method or an example of good practice. 2 Copyright 2007 IEEE. All rights reserved. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,
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