ANSI NEMA Z535.2-2011 Environmental and Facility Safety Signs.pdf

1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationANSI Z535.2-2011Environmental and Facility Safety SignsANSI Z535.2-2011 Revision of ANSI Z535.2-2007 American National Standard Environmental and Facility Safety Signs Secretariat: National Electrical Manufacturers Association Ap

2、proved July 19, 2011 Published September 15, 2011 American National Standards Institute, Inc. ANSI Z535.2-2011 DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time it was develo

3、ped. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unanimous agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. ANSI standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development

4、 process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently

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11、with any health or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. ANSI Z535.2-2011 i AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the

12、 requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial

13、agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in an

14、y respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an i

15、nterpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor

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17、 National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Rosslyn, VA 22209 Copyright 2011 by National Electrical Manufacturers Association A

18、ll rights reserved including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and the International and Pan American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any

19、 form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ANSI Z535.2-2011 ii This page intentionally left blank. ANSI Z535.2-2011 iii Contents Foreword vii 1 Introduction 1 2 Scope and purpose 1 2.1 Scope 1

20、2.2 Purpose . 1 2.2.1 Existing American National Standards 1 3 Application and exceptions 1 3.1 Application . 1 3.2 Exceptions . 2 4 Definitions 2 5 Use of signal words 4 5.1 Hazard classification . 4 5.2 Signal word selection 4 5.3 Multiple hazard signs 4 5.3.1 One sign . 4 5.3.2 Signal word for mu

21、ltiple hazard signs 4 6 Sign format . 4 6.1 Panels . 4 6.2 Panel arrangement 5 6.2.1 Panel format . 5 6.2.2 Panel placement 5 6.3 Safety alert symbol 5 6.4 Word message 5 6.4.1 Multiple messages . 5 7 Safety sign colors . 5 7.1 Standard colors . 5 7.2 Signal word panel colors . 5 7.2.1 DANGER 5 7.2.

22、2 WARNING 5 7.2.3 CAUTION . 5 7.2.4 NOTICE 5 7.2.5 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS . 6 7.2.6 Safety equipment location signs 6 7.2.7 Fire equipment location signs 6 7.2.8 Safety alert symbol 6 ANSI Z535.2-2011 iv 7.3 Message panel colors . 6 7.3.1 Hazard alerting signs, safety notice signs, and safety instructi

23、on signs 6 7.3.2 Safety equipment location signs 6 7.3.3 Fire safety equipment location signs 6 7.4 Symbol panel colors 6 7.4.1 Hazard alerting signs, safety notice signs, and safety instruction signs 6 7.4.2 Safety equipment location signs 6 7.4.3 Fire equipment location signs 6 8 Letter style and

24、size . 6 8.1 Letter style . 7 8.1.1 Signal words . 7 8.1.2 Message panel lettering . 7 8.2 Letter size for hazard alerting signs 7 8.2.1 Lettering . 7 8.2.2 Determination of safe viewing distance . 7 8.2.3 Signal word letter height 7 8.3 Letter size for safety notice, safety instruction, safety equi

25、pment location, and fire equipment location signs 7 8.3.1 Lettering . 7 8.3.2 Signal word letter height for safety notice and safety instruction signs . 7 9 Safety symbols . 7 9.1 Conveyed message 7 9.2 Use with and without corresponding word messages . 7 10 Sign materials, expected life, and mainte

26、nance 7 10.1 Sign materials . 7 10.2 Expected life 8 10.3 Maintenance 8 10.4 Replacement . 8 11 Sign placement 8 11.1 Hazard alerting signs 8 11.2 Safety signsplacement requirements 8 11.3 Safety signsplacement prohibitions . 8 11.4 Environmental/facility safety signs 8 12 Illumination . 8 13 Normat

27、ive references . 8 13.1 General . 8 13.2 American National Standards . 9 ANSI Z535.2-2011 v Tables B1 Examples of Word Message Letter Heights and Minimum Safe Viewing Distances . 17 Figures 1 The Safety Alert Symbol 3 2 Examples of Use of Color 10 3 Three Panel Sign in Vertical Format 11 4 Two Panel

28、 Sign in Vertical Format . 11 5 Three Panel Sign in Horizontal Format 11 6 Two Panel Sign in Horizontal Format 11 7 Two Panel Sign in Shortened Signal Word Panel Format 11 8 Two Panel Sign in Side-by-Side Format 12 9 Three Panel Sign in Horizontal Format with Symbol Panel on Right 12 10 Three Panel

29、Sign in Horizontal Format with Message Panel and Symbol Panel Separated by Line 12 11 Three Panel Sign in Horizontal Format with Message Panel and Symbol Panel Separated by White Space 12 12 Two Panel Sign in Horizontal Format with Word Panel and Symbol Panel . 12 13 Safety Sign Incorporating a Safe

30、ty Instruction Panel 13 14 Additional Safety Sign Formats that may be Used for Safety Equipment and Fire Equipment Location Signs 13 B1 Examples of Correct Signal Word and Safety Alert Symbol Placement 17 B2 Examples of Incorrect Signal Word and Safety Alert Symbol Placement . 17 B3 Word Message wit

31、h Hazard Description First . 18 B4 Word Message with Hazard Avoidance Message First 18 B5 Headline Style Message 18 B6 Non-Headline Style Message 18 B7 Examples of Action Statements . 19 B8 Examples of Concise Hazard Description Statements 19 B9 Examples of Consequence Statements . 19 B10 Examples o

32、f Active Voice vs. Passive Voice Messages 20 B11 Examples of Prepositional and Non-Prepositional Phrases 20 B12 Examples of Ways to Emphasize Portions of a Word Message 20 B13 Outline Format . 21 B14 Outline with Bullet Format 21 B15 Continuous Format . 21 B16 Left Aligned Ragged Right Text . 21 B17

33、 Centered Text 21 ANSI Z535.2-2011 vi B18 Justified Text 21 B19 Mixed Case Lettering . 22 B20 All Upper Case . 22 B21 Selective Use of Upper Case . 22 B22 Examples of Correct and Incorrect Type Spacing . 22 B23 Examples of Type Color Choice 23 B24 Long Message, Vertical Format . 25 B25 Long Message,

34、 Horizontal Format . 25 B26 Short Message Format. 25 B27 Multiple Symbols on Top . 26 B28 Multiple Symbols on Left . 26 B29 Two-Symbol Alternative Format . 26 B30 Symbols on Left . 26 B31 Symbols on Right . 26 B32 Example of Safety Instruction Sign 27 B33 Example of Safety Instruction Sign as Part o

35、f Hazard Alerting Sign . 27 D1 Model of the Possible Results of a Hazardous Situation . 30 D2 Signal Word Selection Process 33 Annexes A Guidelines for Increasing Recognition of Safety Sign Components 15 B Principles and Guidelines for the Design of Environmental and Facility Safety Signs . 17 C Pre

36、vious Formats for Signal Word Panels . 28 D Risk Estimation and Signal Word Selection . 29 E Informative References 34 ANSI Z535.2-2011 vii Foreword In 1979, the ANSI Z535 Committee on Safety Colors was combined with the ANSI Z535 Committee on Safety Signs to form the ANSI Z535 Committee on Safety S

37、igns and Colors. The Z535 Committee has the following scope: To develop standards for the design, application, and use of signs, colors, and symbols intended to identify and warn against specific hazards and for other accident prevention purposes. While the basic mission and fundamental purpose of t

38、he ANSI Z535 Committee is to develop, refine, and promote a single, uniform graphic system used for communicating safety and accident prevention information, the Z535 Committee recognizes that this information can also be effectively communicated using other graphic systems. The Z535 Committee creat

39、ed subcommittees to update the Z53 and Z35 standards and to write new standards. To date, the following six standards comprise the ANSI Z535 series: ANSI Z535.1 Safety Colors ANSI Z53.1-1979 was updated and combined into this standard in 1991 ANSI Z535.2 Environmental and Facility Safety Signs ANSI

40、Z35.1-1972 and Z35.4-1972 were updated and combined into this standard in 1991 ANSI Z535.3 Criteria for Safety Symbols new in 1991 ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels new in 1991 ANSI Z535.5 Safety Tags and Barricade Tapes (for Temporary Hazards) ANSI Z35.2-1974 was updated and combined into

41、 this standard in 1991 ANSI Z535.6 Product Safety Information in Product Manuals, Instructions, and Other Collateral Materials new in 2006 Together, these six standards contain the information needed to specify formats, colors, and symbols for safety signs used in environmental and facility applicat

42、ions, in product and product literature applications, and in temporary safety tag and barricade tape applications. Published separately is the ANSI Z535 Safety Color Chart. This chart gives the user a sample of each of the safety colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, brown, grey, white,

43、and black. It also describes each colors ink formulation and closest PANTONE color. This ANSI Z535.2 standard was prepared by Subcommittee Z535.2 on Environmental and Facility Safety Signs. The foreword and all annexes in this standard are considered to be informative and not normative. In the vocab

44、ulary of writing standards, the word “informative” is meant to convey that the information presented is for informational purposes only and is not considered to be mandatory. The body of this standard is “normative,” meaning that this information is considered to be mandatory. This standard was form

45、ulated to provide a visual alerting system to aid in identifying potential hazards known to exist in facilities and in the environment. Together, ANSI Z535.1, Z535.2, and Z535.3 contain information needed to specify formats, colors, and symbols for safety signs used in environmental and facility app

46、lications. The ANSI Z535.4 and Z535.5 standards are harmonized with this standard to provide appropriate hazard avoidance information for products that might be encountered in the environment (ANSI Z535.4) or temporary changes to the environment (ANSI Z535.5). It is desirable that new signs, symbols

47、, and colors for environmental and facility safety signs specified after the approval of this standard comply with this standard. The ANSI Z35 Committee on Safety Signs and ANSI Z53 Committee on Safety Colors were combined in 1979 to form the ANSI Z535 Committee on Safety Signs and Colors. The ANSI

48、Z535.4 standard addresses the design of safety signs and labels for application to products, and was first published in 1991. In that standard, the format specified for the signal word panel was a simple rectangle. The rectangle contained the safety alert symbol and a signal word (DANGER, CAUTION, o

49、r WARNING), and specific safety colors were designated to be used with those signal words (DANGER / Safety Red; ANSI Z535.2-2011 viii WARNING / Safety Orange; CAUTION / Safety Yellow). This contrasted with the longstanding format of the black rectangle with red oval and white letters used for danger signs. The initial impetus for the new ANSI Z535.4-1991 header format was that products often had limited space for a sign or label and omitting the older format allowed for bigger letters for the signal word. The ANSI Z535.2-1991 standard retained the longstanding DANGER heading