ANSI NSAA B77.1-2017 Passenger Ropeways – Aerial Tramways Aerial Lifts Surface Lifts Tows and Conveyors – Safety Standard.pdf

1、American National Standardfor Passenger Ropeways Aerial Tramways, Aerial Lifts,Surface Lifts, Tows and Conveyors Safety StandardANSI B77.1-2017ANSI B77.1-2017ANSIB77.1-2017Revision ofANSI B77.1-2011 withANSI B77.1a-2012SupplementAmerican National Standardfor Passenger Ropeways Aerial Tramways, Aeria

2、l Lifts,Surface Lifts, Tows and Conveyors Safety RequirementsSecretariatNational Ski Areas AssociationApproved May 11, 2017 American National Standards Institute, Inc.Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria

3、 for approval havebeen met by the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly andmaterially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana simple majority, but not necess

4、arily unanimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or

5、not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person sha

6、ll have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This A

7、merican National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standa

8、rds by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards InstituteAmerican National StandardPublished byAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc.25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036Copyright 2017 by National Ski Areas AssociationAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced

9、in anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the United States of AmericaiContentsPageForewordiii1 General requirements. 11.1 Scope . 11.2 Purpose 11.3 Reference to other codes and standards . 21.4 Definitions. 21.5 Quality a

10、ssurance program 72 Aerial tramways 92.1 Design and installation . 92.2 Electrical design and installation 212.3 Operation and maintenance . 253 Detachable grip aerial lifts 333.1 Design and installation . 333.2 Electrical design and installation 523.3 Operation and maintenance . 564 Fixed grip aeri

11、al lifts 654.1 Design and installation . 654.2 Electrical design and installation 814.3 Operation and maintenance . 855 Surface lifts. 955.1 Design and installation . 955.2 Electrical design and installation 1055.3 Operation and maintenance . 1086 Tows. 1156.1 Design and installation . 1156.2 Electr

12、ical design and installation 1216.3 Operation and maintenance . 1247 Conveyors 1317.1 Design and installation . 1317.2 Electrical design and installation 1367.3 Operation and maintenance . 1388 Normative references . 143iiAnnexesA Wire rope and strand requirements (Normative).145A.1 Physical propert

13、ies145A.2 Testing 148A.3 Connections for wire rope and strand.149A.4 Maintenance and replacement151B Wire Rope - Measuring the diameter and Formulas for calculating broken wires (Informative) .155C Loading Conveyors (Normative) .157D Signs (Normative) .159E Control button colors (Normative).166F Int

14、ernal combustion engines and fuel handling (Normative).167G Chains, welded link (Normative) 173H Chains, roller and leaf (Informative)175I International system of units (SI) metric conversion factors (Informative)177J Safety-Related Control Function Performance (Normative) .179Index .189iiiForeword

15、(This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI B77.1-2017.)This standard deals with passenger transportation systems that use cables, ropes, orother flexible elements for power transmission in the system. These systems includeaerial tramways, detachable and fixed grip aerial lifts, su

16、rface lifts, tows, and convey-ors.This standard is a revision of American National Standard for Passenger Ropeways -Aerial Tramways Aerial Lifts, Surface Lifts, Tows and Conveyors - Safety require-ments, ANSI B77.1-2011 and Supplement ANSI B77.1a-2012. Section 1 provides thescope and general definit

17、ions for systems covered in this standard. Sections 2through 7 cover the specific passenger transportation types. Seven (7) NormativeAnnexes and three (3) Informative Annexes are included in the standard. NormativeAnnexes are considered part of the standard. Informational Annexes are present-ed for

18、the information provided and are not considered part of this standard.The B77 standard had its inception in 1956. At that time, the industry dealings withrecreational passenger transportation had reached such proportions that safeguardswere required for the protection of the public and progress of t

19、he industry. At the re-quest of the Eastern Ski Area Operators Association, one of the original sponsors ofthe project, a general conference was held in New York City. As a result of that con-ference, the American National Standards Committee B77, composed of operators,users, authorities having juri

20、sdiction, designers, and manufacturers of aerial passen-ger tramways, was established to develop safety requirements. The first standardwas approved by ANSI on June 8, 1960, and revisions were developed and ap-proved in 1970, 1973, 1976, 1982, 1990, 1992, 1999, 2006, and 2011.Because of the diverse

21、nature of the industries that may use this standard, it is rec-ommended that authorities having jurisdiction consider an effective date of one yearfrom the approval date of the standard. The “effective date” of this standard is a crite-rion selected by the committee and not by the American National

22、Standards Institute.Suggestions for the improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should besent to the ASC B77, c/o National Ski Areas Association, 133 South Van GordonStreet, Suite 300, Lakewood, CO 80228 or e-mailed to ascb77nsaa.org.This standard was approved for submittal to ANSI by the

23、 Accredited Standards Com-mittee (ASC) B77 on Aerial Passenger Ropeways. Committee approval of the stan-dard does not necessarily imply that all the committee members voted for itsapproval or the approval of every requirement in the standard. At the time this stan-dard was approved, the ASC B77 Comm

24、ittee had the following members:Consensus BodyMark Thorpe*, Chairman(Aspen Skiing Company)Maynard Russell*, Vice-Chairman(MCR Services LLC)Sid Roslund*, Committee Administrator(National Ski Areas Association)Organization Represented Name of RepresentativeAbove aerial lifts (detachable lifts, chair l

25、ifts, and similar equipment); surface lifts (T-bar lifts, J-bar lifts, platter lifts, and similar equipment); tows (wire rope and fiber rope tows); conveyors. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of this standard is to develop a system of principles, specifications, and performance criteria that will meet the fo

26、llowing objectives: a) Reflect the current state-of-the-art in passenger ropeway design, operation, and maintenance; b) be acceptable for adoption by government agencies and others. It is recognized that certain dangers and risks are inherent in machines of this type and their operation. It is also

27、recognized that inherent and other risks or dangers exist for those who are in the process of approaching, loading, riding, unloading, and departing from passenger ropeways. This system is intended to result in passenger ropeways that are designed, constructed, operated, and maintained in a manner t

28、hat helps reduce danger and exposure to risk to passengers and maintenance and operational personnel, and to encourage improvements in productivity, efficiency, development, and progress consistent with the objectives. Such a system with these stated objectives constitutes a safety standard. 1.2.1 O

29、ther ropeway classifications Passenger ropeway configurations that do not fall within the categories specified in 1.1, but fall within the general category of passenger ropeways, should be evaluated by the authority having jurisdiction based upon the design engineers specifications and the applicabl

30、e provisions of this standard. 1.2.2 New materials and methods for passenger ropeways Adoption of technological improvements in materials and advances in techniques is essential to enable the industry to keep pace with progress. If a designer or manufacturer proposes to use materials or methods not

31、covered by this standard, those materials, methods, or both, shall be clearly identified, and complete design and test information shall be provided to the purchaser or owner and the authority having jurisdiction (see 1.4 authority having jurisdiction). 1.2.3 Exceptions Strict application of the pro

32、visions of this standard may not be appropriate in every instance. Wherever it may be proposed to depart from the provisions of this standard, the authority having jurisdiction may grant exceptions from the literal requirements or permit the use of other devices or methods that provide features comp

33、arable to those included in this standard. 1.2.4 Installations 1.2.4.1 Existing installations Existing installations and those with design review completed by the authority having jurisdiction prior to the effective date of this standard need not comply with the new or revised requirements of this e

34、dition, except where specifically required by the authority having jurisdiction. Operation and maintenance shall be in compliance with those requirements specifically listed (not included by reference) in the operation and maintenance subsection (2.3, 3.3, 4.3, 5.3, 6.3, 7.3) and normative Annexes A

35、, C, D, and F. NOTE (1) Additionally, items listed under (2.3.1.1, 3.3.1.1, 4.3.1.1, 5.3.1.1, 6.3.1.1) are considered of special importance. Compliance on ropeways with design review prior to this standard shall be required. NOTE (2) Additionally, items listed under (F.1.2, F.4.5.6, F.4.8.1) have a

36、compliance date of November 1, 2022. Compliance on ropeways with design review prior to this standard shall be required on that date.” ANSI B77.1-2017 2 1.2.4.2 Relocated installations Existing ropeways, when removed and reinstalled, shall be classified as new installations (see 1.2.4.3). 1.2.4.3 Ne

37、w installations New installations and those with design review completed by the authority having jurisdiction after the effective date of this standard shall comply with the new or revised requirements of this edition. 1.2.4.4 Ropeway modifications A ropeway modification shall be defined as an alter

38、ation of the current design of the ropeway which results in: a) A change in the design speed of the system; b) a change in the rated capacity by changing the number of carriers, spacing of carriers, or load capacity of the carrier; c) a change in the path of the rope; d) any change in the type of br

39、akes and/or backstop devices or components thereof; e) a change in the structural arrangements; f) a change in power or type of prime mover or evacuation power unit; g) a change of the control system logic. Modified ropeways shall be inspected and/or tested to assure compliance with the modified des

40、ign. Test procedures and inspection criteria shall be provided by the designer or manufacturer. 1.2.5 Interpretation of standard In cases where additional explanation or interpretation of this standard is required, such requests should be referred to the Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) B77, c/o

41、 National Ski Areas Association, 133 South Van Gordon Street, Suite 300, Lakewood, CO 80228. 1.3 Reference to other codes and standards The design, installation, operation, and maintenance of passenger ropeways and their components that are not covered by this standard should conform to applicable s

42、tandards or codes. To the extent that they are available, applicable codes or standards shall be selected to cover all features, including, but not limited to, allowable unit stresses and properties of materials. Each code or standard should be of the most recent issue, and the designer shall state

43、which code or standard was followed. Features not covered by this standard shall be handled in accordance with sound engineering judgment to the satisfaction of the authority having jurisdiction. 1.4 Definitions actual (measured) breaking force: breaking force obtained to part a wire rope or strand

44、during the breaking test. ADA accessible: Describes a site, building, facility, or portion thereof that complies with ADAAG (Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines). aerial lift: Ropeways on which passengers are transported in cabins or on chairs and that circulate in one direction

45、 between terminals without reversing the travel path. aerial tramway: Ropeways on which passengers are transported in cable-supported carriers and are not in contact with the ground or snow surface, and in which the carrier(s) reciprocate between terminals. Also called a reversible. approved: The wo

46、rd “approved” means “approved by the authority having jurisdiction”. attendant: The individual assigned to particular duties or functions in the operation of a ropeway (also see 1.4 supervisor). authority having jurisdiction: The phrase “authority having jurisdiction” means any government agency emp

47、owered to oversee the design, manufacture, construction, operation, maintenance, and use of passenger ropeways. Where no such agency exists, the owner of the ropeway shall be considered the authority having jurisdiction. auxiliary power unit (APU): Generic term to generally describe a gas or diesel

48、engine generally used as a backup to the prime mover. It can be designated as a prime mover or evacuation power unit depending upon use and configuration. On aerial tramways an APU can power the rescue drive. barrier: A device or object that provides a physical boundary to a hazard. Basic Life Suppo

49、rt (BLS): Medically accepted non-invasive procedures used to sustain life. bicable system: A system that uses track cable(s) to support the carriers and separate haul rope(s) to control motion of the carriers (also see 1.4 monocable system). brake: A device consisting of one or more friction devices which, if applied, accomplishes braking. braking: The process of absorbing energy in order to maintain or reduce the speed of the ropeway. NOTE The typical resistances effective in absorbing the energy of a ropeway include: a) the inherent resistance in the system (e.g., frict