ANSI OPEI B71.4-2017 Commercial Turf Care Equipment – Safety Specifications.pdf

1、American National Standardfor Commercial Turf Care Equipment Safety SpecificationsANSI/OPEI B71.4-2017ANSI/OPEI B71.4-2017ANSI/OPEI B71.4-2017Revision ofANSI/OPEI B71.4-2012American National Standardfor Commercial Turf Care Equipment Safety SpecificationsSecretariatOutdoor Power Equipment Institute,

2、 Inc. (OPEI)Approved January 24, 2017Published April 24, 2017American National Standards Institute, Inc.Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval havebeen met by the standards developer.Consensus

3、 is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly andmaterially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objection

4、s be considered, and that a concerted effort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproduct

5、s, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an

6、American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any tim

7、e. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards Instit

8、uteAmerican National StandardPublished byAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc.25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036Copyright 2017 by Outdoor Power Equipment Institute, Inc.All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, stored in an electronic retrieval system,

9、 or transmitted in any form or by any means(electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without prior written permission of the Outdoor Power Equipment Institute, Inc. (OPEI).Printed in the United States of AmericaiContentsPageForeword . viiiPart I General 11 Scope. 12 Normative references.

10、13 Definitions 2Part II Pedestrian-controlled machines 64 General requirements 65 Operators controls. 65.1 General requirements 65.2 Traction-drive control(s). 65.3 Ground speed and direction controls. 65.4 Steering control 75.5 Attachment-drive (power-takeoff) control. 75.6 Starting arrangement . 7

11、6 Guards and shields 76.1 Power drives 76.2 Hot surfaces. 97 Operation, service, and maintenance instructions. 107.1 General requirements 107.2 Stored-energy devices. 107.3 Pressurized hoses . 108 Requirements for low-voltage electrical components 108.1 Insulated cables. 108.2 Battery installation 1

12、08.3 Overload protection 108.4 Terminals and uninsulated electrical parts. 108.5 High-tension ignition cables. 119 Labels and instructions 119.1 Control identification 119.2 General safety sign requirements 119.3 Machine identification 119.4 Label durability requirements. 1110 General requirements 1

13、210.1 Operator zone 12iiPage10.2 Operator-presence controls . 1310.3 Braking requirements and tests . 1310.4 Handle structure 1410.5 Sulky units . 1510.6 Stopping time and durability test 1711 Rotary mowers Specific requirements 1711.1 General requirements 1711.2 Requirements for rotary mower compon

14、ents. 1811.3 Test for rotary mower components 1911.4 Tests for mowers except those with a blade tip circle diameter of 775 mm (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater, for one or more blades. 2011.5 Tests for mower components with the blade tip circle diameter of 775 mm

15、 (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater for one or more blades 2612 Reel mowers Specific requirements . 2912.1 General requirements 2912.2 Safety sign . 2912.3 Grass catcher 2912.4 Tests for reel mower components . 2913 Flail mowers and flail power rakes Specific requ

16、irements 3013.1 General 3013.2 Requirements for openings 3013.3 Foot probe test. 3113.4 Sudden impact test 3113.5 Repeated impact test. 3113.6 Blade unbalance test . 31Part III Ride-on mowers. 3314 General requirements 3315 Operators controls 3315.1 General requirements 3315.2 Traction-drive control

17、s (clutches). 3315.3 Ground speed and directional control (other than engine speed) 3415.4 Steering controls 3415.5 Attachment-drive (power-takeoff) control. 3515.6 Brake controls 35iiiPage15.7 Lift controls. 3515.8 Slope control test . 3516 Guards and shields 3716.1 Power drives 3716.2 Hot surfaces

18、 . 3817 Operation, service, and maintenance instructions . 3917.1 General requirements 3917.2 Stored-energy devices . 3917.3 Pressurized hoses 3918 Requirements for low-voltage electrical components. 3918.1 Insulated cables . 3918.2 Battery installation 3918.3 Overload protection 4018.4 Terminals an

19、d uninsulated electrical parts. 4018.5 High-tension ignition cables . 4019 Labels and instructions 4019.1 Control identification. 4019.2 General safety sign requirements 4019.3 Machine identification. 4019.4 Label durability requirements . 4120 General requirements 4120.1 Operator zone 4120.2 Operat

20、or-presence controls . 4220.3 Stability requirements and tests . 4320.4 Braking requirements and tests . 4520.5 Lighting and marking for ride-on units and ride-on turf tractors used on public roads 4720.6 Stopping time and durability test 4720.7 Roll over protective structure (ROPS) 4821 Rotary mowe

21、rs Specific requirements 4921.1 General requirements 4921.2 Requirements for rotary mower components . 4921.3 Test for rotary mower components 50ivPage21.4 Tests for mowers except those with a blade tip circle diameter of 775 mm (30.5 in) or greater, and blade thickness of 8 mm(0.312 in), or greater

22、, for one or more blades 5121.5 Tests for mower components with the blade tip circle diameter of 775 mm (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater for one or more blades 5722 Reel mowers Specific requirements . 5922.1 General requirements 5922.2 Safety sign . 5922.3 Grass

23、 catcher 6022.4 Tests for reel mower components . 6023 Flail mowers and flail power rakes Specific requirements 6023.1 General 6023.2 Requirements for openings 6023.3 Foot probe test. 6123.4 Sudden impact test 6123.5 Repeated impact test. 6123.6 Blade unbalance test . 6224 Implements 6224.1 General

24、requirements 6224.2 Operator controls . 62Tables1 Method for the use of test cones . 92 Air inlet hole for structural integrity test for pedestrian-controlled mowers and mower attachments. 213 Average allowable number of hits 264 Method for the use of test cones . 395 Air inlet hole for structural i

25、ntegrity test for ride-on units, ride-on turf tractors, and attachments 536 Average allowable number of hits 56Figures1 Operator zone Standing operator . 632 Operator zone Sitting operator . 633 Safety instructions for commercial turf care equipment. 644 Test probes for the determination of hot part

26、s accessibility. 675 Finger probe 686 Test pad for guard used as a step . 69vPage7 Characteristic dimensions for a blade enclosure . 708(a) Impact test fixture, schematic plan view. 718(b) Impact test fixture, test arrangement 729(a) Foot probe 739(b) Plan view of a foot probe for a rotary mower . 7

27、49(c) Side view of a foot probe for a rotary mower . 759(d) Plan view of a foot probe for a flail mower . 769(e) Side view of a foot probe for a flail mower . 7710(a) Plan view of a single-blade side discharge, fixture for structural integrity test 7710(b) Plan view of arrangement for lawn mower wit

28、h side discharge grass catcher 7810(c) Plan view of a single-blade top discharge, fixture for structural integrity test 7910(d) Plan view of a multi-blade side discharge, fixture for structural integrity test 8010(e) Plan view of a multi-blade rear discharge, fixture for structural integrity test 81

29、10(f) Test arrangement with grass catcher. 8210(g) Views of rear discharge pedestrian-controlled mower with grass catcher 8310(h) Plan view of arrangement for ride-on lawn mower with grass catcher 8411(a) Test enclosure, general layout . 8511(b) Single spindle pedestrian-controlled mower test enclos

30、ure 8611(c) Multi-spindle pedestrian-controlled mower test enclosure 8711(d) Single spindle ride-on mower test enclosure 8811(e) Two spindle ride-on mower test enclosure 8911(f) Three spindle ride-on mower test enclosure . 9011(g) Test fixture for corrugated cardboard penetration tests . 9111(h) Nai

31、l plan of test fixture base. 9211(i) Thrown object test fixture base detail 9211(j) Test enclosure walls and base. 9312 Impact test fixture for mowers with the blade tip circle diameter of 775 mm (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater for one or more blades 94viPage13

32、(a) Structural integrity and thrown objects test fixture for mowers with the blade tip circle diameter 775 mm (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater for one or more blades Typical introduction tube location, plan view . 9513(b) Structural integrity and thrown objects

33、test fixture for mowers with the blade tip circle diameter 775 mm (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater for oneor more blades Introduction tube configuration 9513(c) Structural integrity and thrown objects test fixture for mowers with the blade tip circle diameter 77

34、5 mm (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater for one or more blades Calculation of drop heights from Figure 13(b). 9513(d) Structural integrity and thrown objects test fixture for mowers with the blade tip circle diameter 775 mm (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness

35、 of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater for one or more blades Typical target wall construction . 9613(e) Structural integrity and thrown objects test fixture for mowers with the blade tip circle diameter 775 mm (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater for one or more blades Typ

36、ical target and mower vertical position 9613(f) Structural integrity and thrown objects test fixture for mowers with the blade tip circle diameter 775 mm (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater for one or more blades Target configuration and operator zone for single-bl

37、ade mowers 9713(g) Structural integrity and thrown objects test fixture for mowers with the blade tip circle diameter 775 mm (30.5 in) or greater and blade thickness of 8 mm (0.312 in) or greater for one or more blades Target configuration for multi-blade mowers. 9714 Flail forward trajectory . 9815

38、 Flail mower test obstruction . 9916 Guarding for reels 10017 Side coverage for reels 10018 Guarding for rear-throw mowers 10119 Guarding for front-throw mowers . 10120 Guarding of pedestrian-controlled reel mowers. 10221 Pitch. 10222 Roll. 10323 Yaw 10324(a) Machine position on the platform (4-whee

39、led). 10424(b) Machine position on the platform (3-wheeled). 105viiAnnexes (informative)A Rationale 106B Drop distance calculations .123C Safety pictorials124D Bibliography127viiiForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI/OPEI B71.4-2017.)This standard is a revision of Am

40、erican National Standard for Commercial Turf CareEquipment - Safety Specifications, ANSI/OPEI B71.4-2012. The first edition of thisstandard was approved and published by the American National Standards Institutein 1980. It has been revised six times since initial publication, including this revision

41、.The present revision was prepared by the Outdoor Power Equipment Institutes(OPEI) Commercial Turf Care Committee, as part of OPEIs continuing work on stan-dards.A summary of the principal changes included in this revision are as follows:Part I General:2 Normative references Updated 11.4.5 Structura

42、l integrity tests were revised (harmonized with ANSI/OPEI B71.1)11.4.6 Thrown object test was revised (harmonized with ANSI/OPEI B71.1)- Removed required OM hydraulic component language- Removed requirements for hydraulic componentsPart III Ride-On Units, Ride-On Turf Tractors, and Attachments:15.8

43、Slope control test was revised17.3 Pressurized hydraulic hose guarding added (harmonized with ANSI/OPEI B71.1)19.2 Single-color only safety warnings are not permissible (harmonized with ANSI/OPEI B71.1)20.3.5.1 Lift-off gauge added to lateral stability test20.4.4 A separate parking brake is no longe

44、r required if equipped with a service brake21.2.2.3 Revised other openings limited number and size21.4.2 Foot probe test was revised (harmonized with ANSI/OPEI B71.1)21.4.4; 21.4.5 Structural integrity tests were revised (harmonized with ANSI/OPEI B71.1)ix21.4.6 Thrown object test was revised (harmo

45、nized with ANSI/OPEI B71.1)- Removed required OM hydraulic component language- Removed requirements for hydraulic componentsFigures:3 Recommended safety instructions were revisedConsensus for this standard was achieved by use of the Canvass Method. This stan-dard contains annexes that are all inform

46、ative and are not considered requirementsof this standard.Suggestions for improvement of the standard are welcome. They should be sent tothe Outdoor Power Equipment Institute, 341 South Patrick Street, Alexandria, VA22314, or www.opei.org.The following organizations/individuals, recognized as having

47、 an interest in the stan-dardization of safety requirements for commercial turf care equipment, were contact-ed prior to the approval of this revision of the standard. Inclusion in the list does notnecessarily imply that the organization concurred with the submittal of the proposal toANSI.ProducersA

48、riens CompanyJacobsen, A Textron CompanyKawasaki Motors CorporationKubota Tractor CorporationScag Power EquipmentUsersJimmy Eavenson, Eavenson Consulting LLCSteven A. PointsThomas L. WiseGeneral InterestAmerican Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE)Consumer Product Safety Commissi

49、on (CPSC)Dan Nielsen, OPE InvestigationsxAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/OPEI B71.4-2017American National Standard for Commercial Turf Care Equipment Safety Specifications 1 Part I: General 1 Scope The safety specifications given in this standard are for powered (a) pedestrian-controlled machines, (b) ride-on machines and (c) implements for use with pedestrian and ride-on machines intended for marketing as commercial turf care equipment and that are customarily used by hired operators. Equipment covered may consist of two or more co