ANSI SAIA A92.2-2015 Vehicle-Mounted Elevating and Rotating Aerial Devices《车载升降和旋转登高装置》.pdf

1、 90ANSI/SAIA A92.2 2015 for Vehicle-Mounted Elevating and Rotating Aerial Devices Date of Publication: June 26, 2015 Effective Date: June 26, 2016 This Standard was approved by the American National Standards Institute on June 19, 2015 The design and manufacturing requirements of this standard apply

2、 to all aerial platforms manufactured on or after the effective date. All other provisions of this standard apply to both new and existing units delivered by sale, lease, rental or for any form of beneficial use on or after the effective date. The effective date is established by the standards devel

3、oper and not by the American National Standards Institute. This standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved the standard was balanced to ensure that individuals from competent and concerned interest

4、s have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed standard was made available for public review and comment which provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public at large. The Scaffold their existence does not in any respect precl

5、ude anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any Americ

6、an National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the t

7、itle page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of approval

8、. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published by Scaffold however, the override mode of operation shall disable automatically. 4.4 Securing Devices 4.4.1 Ladder Securing Device.

9、Aerial ladders that are counterbalanced for ease in raising to, and lowering from, an operating position shall be equipped with a device to secure the ladder in the traveling position. 4.4.2 Boom Securing Device. Aerial devices shall be equipped either with a device(s) to secure the boom(s) or shall

10、 be designed to ensure that the boom(s) remain in the cradled position when in transport. 4.4.3 Platform Security. Platforms shall be designed to withstand vibration and shock loading during travel. 8 4.4.4 Locking Pins Any locking pins shall be secured against unintentional disengagement and loss.

11、4.5 Stability 4.5.1 Stability on Level Surfaces. Each aerial device, when mounted on a vehicle meeting the manufacturers minimum vehicle specifications, without readily removable tools and material and used in a specific configuration, shall comprise a mobile unit (MEWP) capable of sustaining a stat

12、ic load one and one-half times its rated load capacity, in every position in which the load can be placed within the definition of the specific configuration, when the vehicle is on a firm and level surface. The load shall be applied at one and one-half times the platform capacity at the center of t

13、he platform simultaneously with one and one-half times the lifting attachment supplemental capacity in its position of maximum overturning moment when so equipped. Simultaneous application of platform capacity and supplemental capacity shall be performed only on aerial devices that are designed for

14、use with both types of load applied simultaneously. If having outriggers or other stabilizing components utilized is part of the definition of the configuration, they shall be so utilized according to the manufacturers instructions for purposes of determining whether the mobile unit (MEWP) meets the

15、 stability requirements. 4.5.2 Stability on Slopes. Each aerial device, when mounted on a vehicle meeting the manufacturers minimum vehicle specifications without readily removable tools and material and used in a specific configuration, shall comprise a mobile unit (MEWP) capable of sustaining a st

16、atic load one and one-third times its rated load capacity in every position in which the load can be placed within the definition of the specific configuration when the vehicle is on a slope of 5 degrees in the direction of least stability. The load shall be applied at one and one-third times the pl

17、atform capacity at the center of the platform simultaneously with one and one third times the lifting attachment supplemental capacity in its position of maximum overturning moment when so equipped. If having outriggers or other stabilizing components utilized is part of the definition of the config

18、uration, they shall be utilized according to the manufacturers instructions for purposes of determining whether the mobile unit (MEWP) meets the stability requirements. Simultaneous application of platform capacity and supplemental capacity shall be performed only on aerial devices that are designed

19、 for use with both types of load applied simultaneously. 4.5.3 Effects of Stability Test. None of the stability tests described in 4.5.1 and 4.5.2 shall produce instability of the mobile unit (MEWP) or cause permanent deformation of any component. Note: During the stability test, the lifting of a ti

20、re(s) or outrigger type stabilizer(s) on the opposite side of the load does not necessarily indicate a condition of instability. 4.5.4 Slope Indicator. An indicator(s) shall be provided that is visible to the operator during set up to show whether the aerial device is positioned within limits permit

21、ted by the manufacturer. The allowable limits shall be shown on the unit and in the manual. For units designed for mobile operation, such an indicator(s) shall be supplied in the cab. 4.5.5 Stabilizer Interlock Device. When an aerial device is equipped with stabilizers, and their use is required to

22、pass the stability tests of this standard, an interlock device shall be provided that prevents the boom from being operated from the stowed position until the stabilizers have been deployed. For outrigger type stabilizers, deployment may be sensed when the outriggers meet resistance or by receipt of

23、 an indicative response that the outrigger deployment is beyond a predetermined position. An interlock override switch may be provided; however, the override mode of operation shall disable automatically prior to the next mobile unit (MEWP) set up. Note: The operation of a stabilizer interlocking 9

24、device(s) does not ensure aerial device stability. It serves only to remind the operator that the stabilizers have not been deployed. See Section 10.10 (3). 4.5.6 Oscillating Axle Interlock Device. When a mobile unit (MEWP) is equipped with oscillating axle locks or control systems, and their use is

25、 required to pass the stability tests of this standard, an interlock device shall be provided that prevents the boom from being operated from the stowed position until oscillation of the axle(s) is locked or controlled. 4.5.7 Manually Operated Stabilizers. Manually operated stabilizers shall be desi

26、gned to prevent unintentional movement of the stabilizer. 4.5.8 Parking Brake Interlock. For aerial devices not designed for mobile use that are equipped with a parking/holding brake, an interlock device shall be provided that prevents operation of the aerial device until the parking/holding brake h

27、as been set. 4.6 Hydraulic System 4.6.1 Bursting Safety Factors. All hydraulic com-ponents whose failure could result in motion of the platform(s) or material lifting device or both shall have a minimum bursting strength of at least four times the maximum operating pressure for which the system is d

28、esigned. All other hydraulic components normally rated according to bursting strength, such as hose, tubing, and fittings, shall have a minimum bursting strength of at least three times the operating pressure for which the system is designed. All other hydraulic components normally rated according t

29、o performance criteria, such as rated flow and pressure, life cycles, pressure drop, rpm, torque, and speed, shall have a minimum bursting strength of at least two times the maximum operating pressure for which the system is designed. Such components generally include pumps, motors, directional cont

30、rols, and similar functional components. 4.6.2 Venting of Air. The design of the hydraulic system shall allow entrapped air to be vented if required for proper operation. 4.6.3 Reservoir Vent Filter. Any fluid reservoir vent shall be equipped with a filter. 4.6.4 Fluid Level Indicators. Hydraulic re

31、servoirs for the aerial device shall be equipped with a device to indicate the permissible liquid levels for normal operation. 4.6.5 Fluid Cleanliness. Each hydraulic system shall have means to maintain the fluid cleanliness level necessary for operation of the system and its components. The manufac

32、turer shall provide instructions for proper maintenance. 4.6.6 Gas-Loaded Accumulators. In hydraulic systems incorporating gas-loaded accumulators, a means shall be provided to vent the liquid pressure automatically or to positively isolate the accumulator when the system is in the unpressurized sta

33、te. If the gas-loaded accumulator pressure is required by design to be retained when the system is shut off, complete information for safe servicing shall begiven on or near the accumulator in a visible location. Duplicate information shall be provided in the maintenance manual.4.7 Hydraulic Cylinde

34、rs 4.7.1 Safety Factors. Cylinder components subjected to hydraulic pressure shall comply with the requirements of Section 4.6. All other components of the cylinder shall comply with Section 4.2. 4.7.2 Column Load. The maximum load on any cylinder at the rated load capacity of the aerial device in a

35、ny position shall not exceed one half of the load which would cause permanent deformation. 4.7.3 External Load. Stresses calculated for load carrying components shall include the additive effects of both external and internal forces, such as those resulting from hydraulic pressure. 4.7.4 Threaded Co

36、mponents. All threaded members used to secure critical components such as hydraulic pistons, barrel bases, head glands, and rod 10 eyes, shall be secured against rotation by means of a suitable locking device. 4.7.5 Hydraulic Pressure Rise. A means shall be provided to limit pressure rise due to fac

37、tors such as thermal expansion of hydraulic fluid and leakage that could result in stresses that exceed the yield strength of the material. 4.8 Platform or Load Motion 4.8.1 System Protection. The system shall be designed to prevent motion in the event of power loss. Where the operation of the aeria

38、l device is accomplished by hydraulic means, the system shall be equipped with appropriate devices to prevent motion of the platform(s) or material lifting device, or both, in the event of hydraulic line failure. This requirement does not apply to properly guarded metallic tubing installed between a

39、 holding device and the cylinder. 4.8.2 Platform Creep. Aerial devices shall be capable of successfully passing the following test to measure platform creep. An aerial device being tested shall be loaded to its maximum rated capacity and placed in the position where the platform creep vs. the motion

40、 of all the cylinders supporting the platform will be maximized. The oil within the cylinders shall be allowed to equalize with the ambient temperature prior to the test. The allowable platform creep in any direction shall not exceed 4” (100 mm) in one hour. The allowable platform creep in any direc

41、tion shall not exceed 4” (100 mm) in one hour plus an additional 1/2 inch per hour for every 10 feet in unit height over 60 feet, up to a maximum of 12 inches. 4.9 Platforms 4.9.1 Guardrail System. Platforms other than buckets or baskets shall include a guardrail system: (1) The guardrail system sha

42、ll include a top rail around its upper periphery. The top rail shall be 42 inches (1067 mm) high, plus or minus 3 inches (76 mm) above the platform surface, designed to with-stand 300 pounds of force (1335 N) in any direction without ultimate failure. (2) The guardrail system shall include at least

43、one rail approximately midway between the top rail and the platform surface, designed to withstand 300 pounds of force (1335 N) in any direction without ultimate failure. (3) The platform shall include toeboards or kick-plates on all sides. The minimum toeboard or kick-plate height shall be 4 inches

44、 (102 mm). Toeboards or kickplates may be omitted at the access opening. (4) The configuration of the aerial platform shall include access for personnel entering the platform when it is in the lowered position or stowed. Access steps or rungs shall have a slip resistant surface. Flexible materials s

45、uch as cables, chains, or rope may be used across access opening(s) not more than 30 inches (762 mm) wide. 4.9.2 Ladder Type. Ladder type platforms are permissible. 4.9.3 Folding Type Floors. Platforms with folding type floors and steps or rungs may be used without rails and kickplates. 4.9.4 Anchor

46、age(s) for Personal Fall Protection 4.9.4.1 Location. The manufacturer shall provide anchorage(s) on the boom, platform, or platform mounting. The anchorage shall be designed to protect against detrimental interference between components of the aerial device having movement relative to the anchorage

47、 and an attached lanyard connector. 4.9.4.2 Markings. Location of the anchorage(s) shall be identified and the number of anchorages shall equal or exceed the number of permissible occupants. More than one occupant may attach to a single anchorage if the anchorage is rated and identified as being for

48、 more than one person. 4.9.4.3 Strength Requirement. Anchorages shall be capable of withstanding a static force of 3600 lbs. (16,000 N) for each person allowed by the manufacturer on the attachment without reaching ultimate strength. The strength requirement shall 11 apply only to the anchorage(s) a

49、nd their attachments to the boom, platform, or platform mounting. Note: This does not imply that the aerial device is meant to meet or comply with this load requirement. 4.9.4.4 Connector Requirement. Anchorage shall be compatible with a lanyard connector complying with ANSI/ASSE Z359.1-2007. 4.9.4.5 Surface. Anchorage(s) surfaces shall be free from sharp edges. Note: See Sections 8.12.1, 9.3.1, 10.12.1 and 11.4.1 for more information pertaining to proper use of personal fall protection equipment. 4.9.5 Buckets or Baskets. 4.9.5.1 Non-Insulating Buckets or Baskets Designed for Use