ANSI SAIA A92.5-2006 Boom - Supported Elevating Work Platforms.pdf

1、AMERICANNATIONALSTANDARD ANSI/SAIA A92.5 2006 (R2014) for Boom - Supported Elevating Work Platforms American National Standards Institute 11 West 42nd Street New York, New York 10036 Date of Publication: January 21, 2014 This Standard was approved by ANSI on January 21, 2014 The design and manufactu

2、ring requirements of this standard apply to all aerial platforms manufactured on or after the effective date. All other provisions of this standard apply to both new and existing units delivered by sale, lease, rental or for any form of beneficial use on or after the effective date. The effective da

3、te is established by the standards developer and not by the American National Standards Institute. This standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved the standard was balanced to assure that individua

4、ls from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed standard was made available for public review and comment which provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. The Scaffold their

5、 existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumsta

6、nces give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretari

7、at or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no lat

8、er than five years from the date of approval. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published by Scaffold Owners (Section 6): Users (Section 7); Operators 5 (Section 8); Lessors (Sec

9、tion 9); Lessees (Section 10); and Brokers (Section 11). Manufacturer: A person or entity who makes, builds, or produces an aerial platform. Maximum travel height: The maximum platform height or the most adverse configuration(s) with respect to stability in which travel is permitted by the manufactu

10、rer. Modification, modifies: To make a change(s) to an aerial platform which affects the operation, stability, safety factors, rated load, or safety of the aerial platform in any way. Most adverse stability conditions: The permitted configuration of the aerial platform most likely to cause instabili

11、ty. Factors to be considered shall include: 1 With zero load to maximum test load. 2. Up to and including maximum platform height. 3. All positions and configurations of the platform(s). 4. All wheel and axle positions. 5. Forward and backward configurations of the elevating assembly. 6. All other m

12、oveable features which affect the stability of the aerial platform. Multiple rating(s), multiple rated loads: Two or more different rated work loads based on alternative configurations of the aerial platform. Non-ductile materials: Materials having an elongation of less than 10% in 2 inches (50.8mm)

13、. Operation: Performance of functions of an aerial platform within the scope of its specifications and in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, the users work rules, and applicable governmental regulations. Operator: A qualified person who controls the movement of an aerial platform. Outri

14、ggers: Devices that increase the stability of the aerial platform and that are capable of lifting and leveling the aerial platform. Override: To take over aerial platform movement control functions at the upper control station by those at the lower control station. Owner: A person or entity who has

15、possession of an aerial platform by virtue of proof of purchase. Passive: Under specified conditions, automatically performed and not requiring any specific action to accomplish. Platform: The portion of an aerial platform intended for occupation by personnel with their necessary tools and materials

16、. Platform height: The vertical distance measured from the floor of the platform to the surface upon which the aerial platform is being supported. Platform reach: The horizontal distance measured from the center line of rotation to the outer most edge of the platform. Powered functions: Those which

17、control motion of the platform or the aerial platform and are caused by electromechanical, hydraulic, or pneumatic forces. Qualified person: One who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully dem

18、onstrated his/her ability to solve or resolve problems related to the subject matter, the work, or the project. Rated horizontal force: The maximum permissible horizontal force at the top rail which can be applied to the aerial platform as specified by the manufacturer. Rated work load: The designed

19、 carrying capacity of the aerial platform as specified by the manufacturer. 6 Rebuild/recondition: The act of disassembly, repair or adjustment of an aerial platform or component, utilizing replacement parts and components, in accomplishing work beyond the scope of maintenance (as described and used

20、 in the standard) in order to restore, to the extent possible, the aerial platform or component to the original manufactured specifications. Remanufacture: The modification of an aerial platform, either by its original manufacturer or another qualified entity, so that the aerial platform will comply

21、 with the ANSI standard in effect on the date the modification is completed. Repair: The act of restoring to good condition that which has been broken, damaged or worn due to use, abuse or other reasons. Shall: The word “shall” is to be understood as mandatory. Should: The word “should” indicates th

22、at the rule is a recommendation, the advisability of which depends on the facts in each situation. Stability/Stable: A condition of an aerial platform in which the sum of the moments which tend to overturn the unit is less than the sum of the moments tending to resist overturning. Stabilizers: Devic

23、es that increase the stability of the aerial platform but are not capable of lifting or leveling the aerial platform. Training: Instruction to enable the trainee to become a qualified person regarding the task to be performed, including knowledge regarding potential hazards. Unintended motion or mot

24、ion unintended by operator: Motion of the aerial platform or platform without activation of any control. Unrestricted rated work load: The maximum designed carrying capacity of the aerial platform allowed by the manufacturer in all operating configurations. User: Person(s) or entity(ies) that has ca

25、re, control, and custody of the aerial platform. This person or entity may also be the employer of the operator, a dealer, employer, owner, lessor, lessee, or operator. 4 Responsibilities of Manufacturers 4.1 Basic Principles. Sound engineering principles consistent with all data available regarding

26、 the parameters of intended use and expected environment shall be applied in the design, testing and manufacture of aerial platforms, with due consideration for the knowledge that the unit will be carrying personnel. 4.2 Rated Work Load. The rated work load of an aerial platform shall not be less th

27、an 300 pounds (136Kg). Either single or multiple ratings may be used. 4.2.1 Multiple Ratings. When multiple ratings are used, the following conditions shall be complied with: (1) When the rated work load is different for alternative configurations of the aerial platform, the manufacturer shall clear

28、ly describe these configurations, and the rated work load of each configuration, in the manual and on the platform. Examples of alternative configurations are, but shall not be limited to the following: (a) Outriggers or stabilizers extended to firm footing versus not extended (b) Extendable elevati

29、ng assembly retracted versus extended (c) Elevating assembly elevated versus lowered (d) axles extended versus retracted (2) When the rated work load of the varying configuration depends on the location of the platform in relation to the base, the manufacturer shall display the appropriate rated wor

30、k load of that configuration to the operator at the control station(s). 7 4.3 Quality Control. The manufacturer shall establish and follow a written quality control procedure to ensure compliance with this standard. 4.3.1 Proof Test. Each production aerial platform shall be tested and shall sustain

31、a test load equal to 150% of the rated work load, on level ground, to verify its integrity. The manufacturer shall determine the most critical configuration(s) of the aerial platform for this test. The test load shall be placed in the most adverse location with its center of gravity 12 inches (.3m)

32、inboard from the guardrail or in the center of the platform, whichever is less. The aerial platform shall remain stable during this test. A visual inspection shall be made to determine whether this test has produced an adverse effect on any component. 4.4 Welding Standards. All welding, including pr

33、essure applications such as hydraulic cylinders, shall conform to ANSI/AWS D1.1-98 and ANSI/AWS D1.2-97, or ANSI/AWS- D14.3-94, except welder and procedure qualifications may be in accordance with one of the following: AWS B2.1: 1998 Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification.

34、 ANSI/AMSE: 1998 Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Welding a2 is the stress due to the rated work load f1 is the stress concentration factor f2 is the dynamic loading factor The column load shall include the effects of dynamic loading as shown in the following formula: Structural Safety F

35、actor = b (b1 + b2) f2 where: b = column critical buckling load b1 = column load due to the weight of the structure b2 = column load due to the rated work load f2 = the dynamic loading factor 8 The values of f1 and f2 may be determined by experimental stress analysis on a prototype unit. Otherwise,

36、the values of f1 and f2 shall be not less than 1.10 and 1.25, respectively. 4.6 Controls 4.6.1 Upper Controls. Upper controls shall be provided at the platform and shall: (1) Be readily accessible to the operator (2) Have the directional controls located and oriented to move in the approximate direc

37、tion of the mechanism motion they control when the boom is in the position defined by the manufacturer and the control box is in the normal position. If not permanently attached, the normal control box location and orientation shall be clearly marked (3) Include a separate control which shall be con

38、tinuously activated by the operator for upper directional controls to be operational, which can be released by the operator independently from the directional controls, and which render the upper directional controls inoperative when released (4) Be of the type that automatically returns to the “Off

39、” or “Neutral” position when released, if used to control any movement of the aerial platform (5) Be protected against activation other than that initiated by the operator (6) Be clearly marked 4.6.2 Lower Controls. Lower controls shall be readily accessible from ground level and shall: (1) Override

40、 upper controls for powered functions (2) Be provided for all powered functions except drive and steering (3) Include a separate control which shall be continuously activated by the operator for the lower directional controls to be operational, which can be released by the operator independently fro

41、m the directional controls, and which render the lower directional controls inoperative when released (4) Be of the type that automatically returns to the “Off” or “Neutral” position when released, if used to control any movement of the aerial platform (5) Be protected against activation other than

42、that initiated by the operator (6) Be clearly marked 4.6.3 Emergency Stop Device. The aerial platform shall be equipped with readily identifiable emergency stop devices, located at the upper control and lower control stations, which deactivate all powered functions. 4.6.4 Emergency Lowering. All aer

43、ial platforms shall be provided with an emergency means to return the platform to a position where it is safe to exit in the event of primary power loss. 4.6.5 Security. A security means shall be provided to protect against unauthorized use of the aerial platform. 4.6.6 Slope Warning Devices. All ae

44、rial platforms shall be fitted with a warning device at the platform which activates automatically when the aerial platform is at and beyond the slope (or slopes where the slope varies by direction) established by passing the stability tests in 4.7.1and 4.7.3. The warning device may be inoperative w

45、hen in the loading or traveling position defined by the manufacturer. The machine must pass the stability test (4.7.1 and 4.7.3) at the maximum slope on which the warning device first sounds, or at five degrees, whichever is greater. 4.7 Stability Testing. Each aerial platform shall be capable of ma

46、intaining stability while subjected to the following tests. A representative unit of each model in its most adverse stability condition shall be tested to verify compliance. If having the outriggers, stabilizers, extendable axles, or other stability- enhancing means in use is part of the normal conf

47、iguration to meet the stability requirements, they shall be extended and set per manufacturers instructions. The test load shall be applied such that the center of gravity of the load is in the vertical plane, which intersects the platform floor, 12 inches (.3m) inboard from the guardrail; or on the

48、 centerline, whichever is less, measured on the platform floor. A visual inspection shall be made to determine whether this test has produced an adverse effect on any component. 9 4.7.1 Horizontal Load Test on Slope. The aerial platform shall maintain stability when positioned on a five degree conti

49、nuous slope in the most adverse stability condition(s), while sustaining a static test load from zero to the rated work load and a horizontal force of 150 pounds (666N) or 15% of the rated capacity, or 50 pounds (222N) per rated number of occupant(s), whichever is greater, applied to the upper periphery of the platform in the direction most likely to cause instability. (See Figure 2 on Page 29). The aerial platform must pass the stability test at the maximum slope on which the warning device first sounds or a