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ANSI TIA-912-C-2015 Telecommunications IP Telephony Equipment Voice Gateway Transmission Requirements.pdf

1、 TIA-912-C (Revision of TIA-912-B) August 2015Telecommunications IP Telephony Equipment Voice Gateway Transmission Requirements ANSI/TIA-912-C-2015 APPROVED: AUGUST 5, 2015 NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandin

2、gs between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for their particular need. The existence of such Standards and Publications shall not in any respect prec

3、lude any member or non-member of TIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications. Neither shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use by Non-TIA members, either domestically or internationally. Standards and Publica

4、tions are adopted by TIA in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, TIA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard or Publication. This Standard does not purpor

5、t to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. Any use of trade

6、marks in this document are for information purposes and do not constitute an endorsement by TIA or this committee of the products or services of the company. (From Standards Proposal No. ANSI/TIA-PN-912-C-D2, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA TR-41 User Premises Telecommunications Requireme

7、nts, TR-41.3 Subcommittee on Analog and Digital Wireline Terminals. Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Technology and Standards Department 1320 N. Courthouse Road, Suite 200 Arlington, VA 22201 U.S.A. PRICE: Please refer to current Catalog of TIA TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIA

8、TION STANDARDS AND ENGINEERING PUBLICATIONS or call IHS, USA and Canada (1-877-413-5187) International (303-397-2896) or search online at http:/www.tiaonline.org/standards/catalog/ All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT This document is copyrighted by the TIA. Reproduction of thes

9、e documents either in hard copy or soft copy (including posting on the web) is prohibited without copyright permission. For copyright permission to reproduce portions of this document, please contact the TIA Standards Department or go to the TIA website (www.tiaonline.org) for details on how to requ

10、est permission. Details are located at: http:/www.tiaonline.org/standards/catalog/info.cfm#copyright or Telecommunications Industry Association Technology (b) there is no assurance that the Document will be approved by any Committee of TIA or any other body in its present or any other form; (c) the

11、Document may be amended, modified or changed in the standards development or any editing process. The use or practice of contents of this Document may involve the use of intellectual property rights (“IPR”), including pending or issued patents, or copyrights, owned by one or more parties. TIA makes

12、no search or investigation for IPR. When IPR consisting of patents and published pending patent applications are claimed and called to TIAs attention, a statement from the holder thereof is requested, all in accordance with the Manual. TIA takes no position with reference to, and disclaims any oblig

13、ation to investigate or inquire into, the scope or validity of any claims of IPR. TIA will neither be a party to discussions of any licensing terms or conditions, which are instead left to the parties involved, nor will TIA opine or judge whether proposed licensing terms or conditions are reasonable

14、 or non-discriminatory. TIA does not warrant or represent that procedures or practices suggested or provided in the Manual have been complied with as respects the Document or its contents. If the Document contains one or more Normative References to a document published by another organization (“oth

15、er SSO”) engaged in the formulation, development or publication of standards (whether designated as a standard, specification, recommendation or otherwise), whether such reference consists of mandatory, alternate or optional elements (as defined in the TIA Procedures for American National Standards)

16、 then (i) TIA disclaims any duty or obligation to search or investigate the records of any other SSO for IPR or letters of assurance relating to any such Normative Reference; (ii) TIAs policy of encouragement of voluntary disclosure (see TIA Procedures for American National Standards Annex C.1.2.3)

17、of Essential Patent(s) and published pending patent applications shall apply; and (iii) Information as to claims of IPR in the records or publications of the other SSO shall not constitute identification to TIA of a claim of Essential Patent(s) or published pending patent applications. TIA does not

18、enforce or monitor compliance with the contents of the Document. TIA does not certify, inspect, test or otherwise investigate products, designs or services or any claims of compliance with the contents of the Document. ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION,

19、 ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES CONCERNING THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS, ITS FITNESS OR APPROPRIATENESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, ITS MERCHANTABILITY AND ITS NONINFRINGEMENT OF ANY THIRD PARTYS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. TIA EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE

20、CONTENTS AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES REGARDING THE CONTENTS COMPLIANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE STATUTE, RULE OR REGULATION, OR THE SAFETY OR HEALTH EFFECTS OF THE CONTENTS OR ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE REFERRED TO IN THE DOCUMENT OR PRODUCED OR RENDERED TO COMPLY WITH THE CONTENTS. TIA SHALL

21、NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY AND ALL DAMAGES, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, ARISING FROM OR RELATING TO ANY USE OF THE CONTENTS CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY AND ALL INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, LITIGATION, OR TH

22、E LIKE), WHETHER BASED UPON BREACH OF CONTRACT, BREACH OF WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD

23、NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. ANSI/TIA-912-C TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREW ORD . viii INTRODUCTION. x 1 OVERVIEW . . 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 1.3 Telephone Compliance Requirements 1 1.4 Compliance Reference Point 2 1.5 Compliance Interpretation 2 1.6 Regulatory Issues 2 2 NORMATIV

24、E REFERENCES 3 3 DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS. 4 3.1 Voice Gateway Definition 4 3.2 Insertion Loss Definition 4 3.3 Sound Pressure Level Definition 4 3.4 0 dBr Point Definition 4 3.5 Loudness Rating Definitions 4 3.5.1 Loudness Rating 4 3.5.2 Relationship between Loudness Ratings and Loss

25、 Plans 5 3.5.3 Half-Channel Send and Receive Loudness Rating (SLRHCand RLRHC) 5 3.6 Port Definitions . 5 3.7 Port Descriptions 5 3.7.1 ONS On Premise Station 5 3.7.2 OPS Off Premise Station 6 3.7.3 DGS Digital Station 6 3.7.4 WAN Wide Area Network . 6 3.7.5 PAL Packet Access Line 6 3.7.6 DAL Digital

26、 Access Line . 6 3.7.7 FXO Foreign Exchange Office . 7 3.7.8 FXD Foreign Exchange Digital 7 3.7.9 ATT Analog Tie Trunk 7 3.8 Abbreviations and Acronyms . 9 4 PRODUCT EVALUATION CONSIDERATIONS 10 4.1 Codecs . 10 4.2 Reference Impedance 10 4.3 Choice of Test Signal 10 4.4 Categories of Performance Cri

27、teria 10 5 LOSS AND LEVEL PLANS 11 5.1 Introduction . 11 i ANSI/TIA-912-C 5.2 Port-to-Port Loss Allocation . 11 5.3 Digital Padding . 12 5.4 Voice Gateway Loss Plan Assumptions . 12 5.5 Full-Channel Loss and Level Plan Requirements . 13 5.5.1 Insertion Loss Criteria for Voice Gateways 13 5.5.2 Port-

28、to-Port Loss Table Interpretation 13 5.5.3 Port-to-Port Loudness Ratings Table Interpretation . 13 5.5.4 Voice Gateway Loss Ranges . 13 5.5.5 ANSI/TIA-968-B Requirements 13 5.6 Half-Channel Loss and Level Plan . 17 5.6.1 Overview . 17 5.6.2 Concept 17 5.6.3 Principle of Operation . 17 5.6.4 Applicab

29、ility 18 5.6.5 Recommended Loss Ranges 18 5.6.6 Packet Network Losses 18 5.6.7 Half-Channel Loss Plan Table 19 5.6.8 Network Stability. 20 6 LOSS PARAMETERS . 21 6.1 Frequency Response . 21 6.1.1 Narrowband Transmission Performance . 21 6.1.2 Wideband Transmission Performance . 24 6.1.3 Rejection of

30、 Power Line Interference . 27 6.2 Tracking Error and Overload Compression 27 6.2.1 Tracking Error . 27 6.2.2 Overload Compression 27 7 ECHO CONTROL AND RETURN LOSS . 29 7.1 Hybrid Balance Requirements 29 7.2 Hybrid Balance Reference Impedances 30 7.2.1 ONS Ports 30 7.2.2 OPS and Two-Wire Analog Trun

31、k Ports With Line Treatment 30 7.2.3 OPS and Two-Wire Analog Trunk Ports Without Line Treatment . 30 7.3 Input Impedance Requirements 30 7.4 Input Impedance Reference Impedances 31 7.4.1 ONS Ports 31 7.4.2 OPS Ports. 31 7.4.3 Two-Wire Analog Trunk Ports 31 7.4.4 Complex Reference Impedances . 31 8 N

32、OISE AND DISTORTION IMPAIRMENTS 33 8.1 Idle-Channel Noise . 33 8.1.1 3400 Hz Flat Noise 33 8.1.2 Psophometric Weighted Noise 33 ii ANSI/TIA-912-C 8.1.3 Wideband Flat Noise . 33 8.1.4 Single Frequency Interference (SFI) . 34 8.2 Longitudinal Balance 34 8.2.1 Longitudinal-to-Metallic Balance . 34 8.2.

33、2 Metallic-to-Longitudinal (Transverse Balance) Balance 34 8.3 Crosstalk . 35 8.3.1 Voice Frequency Crosstalk . 35 8.3.2 Ringing Signal Crosstalk . 35 8.4 Quantization Distortion 36 8.5 Single-Frequency Distortion . 36 9 OTHER IMPAIRMENTS 37 9.1 Intermodulation Distortion . 37 9.2 Envelope Delay . 3

34、8 9.2.1 Definitions . 38 9.2.2 Relative Envelope Delay (RED) Requirements 38 9.3 Impulse Noise . 40 9.4 Jitter 40 9.5 Gain Hit . 40 9.6 Phase Hit . 40 9.7 Dropout . 40 9.8 Peak-to-Average Power Ratio . 40 10 SIGNAL LEVELS 41 ANNEX A (INFORMATIVE) MEASUREMENT GUIDELINES . 42 A.1 Frequency Resolution

35、. 42 A.2 Gain Ripples in the Measurement Path 42 A.3 Transmission Level Translation . 42 A.4 Dial-up Port for Trunk Testing . 42 A.5 Digital Test Port Availability 42 A.6 Hybrid Balance . 42 A.7 Input Impedance 43 A.8 Idle Channel Noise 47 A.9 Longitudinal Balance 48 A.9.1 Longitudinal to Metallic B

36、alance 48 A.9.2 Metallic to Longitudinal (Transverse) Balance . 48 A.10 Crosstalk Coupling Loss . 53 ANNEX B (INFORMATIVE) TELEPHONY LOSS LEVEL PLANNING OVERVIEW. 55 B.1 Introduction . 55 B.2 Send and Receive Levels 55 B.2.1 Telephone Equipment Loudness Ratings 56 iii ANSI/TIA-912-C B.2.2 Overall Lo

37、udness Ratings 56 B.2.3 Optimum Overall Loudness Ratings . 57 B.2.4 ATT Network Interface Loudness Ratings 58 B.3 Port-to-Port Loss Allocation . 58 B.4 DTMF Overload on Analog Trunks . 59 B.5 Open Loop Loss and Network Stability . 59 B.6 Reference Levels . 60 B.6.1 Zero-Level Point 60 B.6.2 0 dBm0 D

38、efinition . 60 B.6.3 Digital Milliwatt 60 B.6.4 Transmission Level Translation 60 ANNEX C (INFORMATIVE) RELATIONSHIP BETW EEN LOUDNESS RATINGS AND LOSS PLANS . 62 ANNEX D (INFORMATIVE) PAN-EUROPEAN LOSS AND LEVEL PLANS ES 202 020 . 65 D.1 The Pan-European Half-Channel Loss Plan . 65 D.1.1 Voice Gate

39、way Connections . 65 D.1.2 Interface Descriptions 66 D.1.3 Voice Gateway Half-Channel Loss Plan . 67 D.2 The Pan-European Full-Channel Loss Plan 68 D.2.1 Full-Channel Loss Plan Interpretation 68 D.2.2 Full-Channel Loudness Ratings Table Interpretation . 68 ANNEX E (INFORMATIVE) LOSS PLAN AND LOUDNES

40、S RATING REFERENCES AND HIERARCHY 69 ANNEX F (INFORMATIVE) LOSS DEFINITIONS 70 F.1 Echo Return Loss (ERL) . 70 F.2 Return Loss (RL) 71 F.3 Transhybrid Loss (THL) . 71 ANNEX G (INFORMATIVE) IP TRANSMISSION IMPAIRMENTS . 72 G.1 Delay . 72 G.2 Packet Loss . 72 G.3 Voice Gateways and Network Performance

41、 . 72 G.4 Voice Quality of Service. 73 ANNEX H (INFORMATIVE) BIBLIOGRAPHY 74 iv ANSI/TIA-912-C TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1 Voice Gateway Port Definitions and Connections 8 Figure 2 Narrowband Analog to Digital Frequency Response 22 Figure 3 Narrowband Analog to Digital Frequency Response Expanded Scal

42、e 22 Figure 4 Narrowband Digital to Analog Frequency Response 23 Figure 5 Narrowband Digital to Analog Frequency Response Expanded Scale 23 Figure 6 Wideband Analog to Digital Frequency Response . 25 Figure 7 Wideband Analog to Digital Frequency Response Expanded Scale 25 Figure 8 Wideband Digital t

43、o Analog Frequency Response . 26 Figure 9 Wideband Digital to Analog Frequency Response Expanded Scale 26 Figure 10 Voice Gateway Port-to-Port Tracking Error and Overload Compression. 28 Figure 11 OPS/2-Wire Trunk Reference Impedance . 30 Figure 12 Relative Envelope Delay vs. Frequency for Narrowban

44、d Connections 39 Figure 13 Relative Envelope Delay vs. Frequency for Wideband Connections . 39 Figure A.1 Equipment Connections for Testing the Hybrid Balance of a 2-Wire Analog Port Using the Full-Channel Method . 44 Figure A.2 Equipment Connections for Testing the Hybrid Balance of a 2-Wire Analog

45、 Port Using the Digital Half-Channel Method 44 Figure A.3 Equipment Connections for Testing a 2-Wire Analog Port Input Impedance Using the Full-Channel Method 45 Figure A.4 Equipment Connections for Testing a 2-Wire Analog Port Input Impedance Using the Digital Half-Channel Method 45 Figure A.5 Equi

46、pment Connections for Testing a 4-Wire Analog Port Input Impedance Using the Full-Channel Method 46 Figure A.6 Equipment Connections for Testing a 4-Wire Analog Port Input Impedance Using the Digital Half-Channel Method 46 Figure A.7 Idle-Channel Noise Test Arrangement 48 Figure A.8 Transverse Balan

47、ce Test Circuit (Analog) 50 Figure A.9 Off-Hook Termination for OPS or Unprotected ONS Interfaces 51 Figure A.10 Off-Hook Termination for Station Interfaces with Longitudinal Current Isolation 51 Figure A.11 Off-Hook Termination for DEO Interfaces . 51 Figure A.12 Transverse Balance Test Circuit (Di

48、gital) . 52 Figure A.13 Crosstalk Coupling Loss Test Circuit . 54 Figure B.1 Terminal Loudness Ratings . 56 Figure B.2 Telephone-to-Telephone Overall Loudness Ratings . 57 Figure B.3 E-Model Optimum Overall Loudness Rating 57 Figure B.4 ATT Network Interface Loudness Ratings 58 v ANSI/TIA-912-C Figu

49、re B.5 DTMF Levels for Long and Short Loop Analog Trunks 59 Figure C.1 Scenario 1: Digital Set-VG-Digital Set . 62 Figure C.2 Scenario 2: Analog Set-DEO-Analog Set (0 km) 63 Figure C.3 Scenario 3: Analog Set-DEO-Analog Set (2.7 km) . 63 Figure C.4 Scenario 4: Analog Set-VG-Analog Set 64 Figure C.5 Scenario 5: Analog Set-VG-Digital Set . 64 Figure D.1 Pan-European Voice Gateway Connections 65 Figure E.1 Hierarchical Relationship between Loudness Rating and Loss Plan Sta

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