ANSI UL 1004-4-2018 UL Standard for Safety Electric Generators (Third Edition).pdf

1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL 1004-4 Electric Generators STANDARD FOR SAFETYUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED

2、 FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL Standard for Safety for Electric Generators, UL 1004-4 Third Edition, Dated July 2, 2018 Summary of Topics This new edition of ANSI/UL 1004-4 includes the following changes in requirements: Revision to Scope Alternative means to

3、 evaluate voltage regulators used in generators Addition of denition for standby generator Addition of construction requirements for machines rated over 1,000 V or employing form wound constructions Revision of overspeed test Addition of temperature requirements for standby generators The new and re

4、vised requirements are substantially in accordance with Proposal(s) on this subject dated February 23, 2018 and May 18, 2018. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopying

5、, recording, or otherwise without prior permission of UL. UL provides this Standard as is without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or tness for any purpose. In no event will UL be liable for any special, incide

6、ntal, consequential, indirect or similar damages, including loss of prots, lost savings, loss of data, or any other damages arising out of the use of or the inability to use this Standard, even if UL or an authorized UL representative has been advised of the possibility of such damage. In no event s

7、hall ULs liability for any damage ever exceed the price paid for this Standard, regardless of the form of the claim. Users of the electronic versions of ULs Standards for Safety agree to defend, indemnify, and hold UL harmless from and against any loss, expense, liability, damage, claim, or judgment

8、 (including reasonable attorneys fees) resulting from any error or deviation introduced while purchaser is storing an electronic Standard on the purchasers computer system. JULY 2, 2018 UL 1004-4 tr1UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FR

9、OM UL JULY 2, 2018 UL 1004-4 tr2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL JULY 2, 2018 1 UL 1004-4 Standard for Electric Generators First Edition September, 2008 Second Edition October, 2011 Third Edition July 2, 2

10、018 This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the Third Edition. The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 1004-4 as an American National Standard (ANSI) occurred on June 29, 2018. ANSI approval for a standard does not include the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages, and Title Page. Comments or proposals

11、for revisions on any part of the Standard may be submitted to UL at any time. Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal Request in ULs On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS) at https:/. ULs Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electronic copy of a S

12、tandard should be altered in any way. All of ULs Standards and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding those Standards shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL. COPYRIGHT 2018 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. ANSI/UL 1004-4-2018UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPR

13、ODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL JULY 2, 2018 ELECTRIC GENERATORS - UL 1004-4 2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Scope .4 2 Components4 3 Glossary .5 CONSTRUCTION

14、4 General 5 PERFORMANCE 5 Overspeed Test.5 6 Short Circuit Test .5 7 Output Waveform Distortion 6 8 Surge Tests 6 9 Temperature Test for Standby Generators .7 MARKINGS 10 General.8 INSTRUCTIONS 11 General.8 Appendix A Surge testing of induction machines A1 Principle of the Surge Test A1 A2 Automatic

15、 Fault Detection Methods .A3 JULY 2, 2018 ELECTRIC GENERATORS - UL 1004-4 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL INTRODUCTION 1 Scope 1.1 This Standard is intended to be read together with the Standard for Rotating Electrical Machi

16、nes General Requirements, UL 1004-1. The requirements in this Standard supplement or amend the requirements in UL 1004-1. The requirements of UL 1004-1 apply unless modied by this Standard. 1.2 This Standard covers electric generators, also referred to as alternators, which, when coupled with prime

17、movers, such as engines or electric motors, are used to produce electricity. This Standard covers generators, including those for standby use rated 34,000 volts or less. 1.3 This Standard does not cover stationary or portable generator assemblies, which are respectively covered under the Standard fo

18、r Stationary Engine Generator Assemblies, UL 2200, and the Standard for Carbon Monoxide (CO) Emission Rate of Portable Generators, UL 2201. 1.4 This Standard does not cover generators intended for use in hazardous locations as dened in the National Electrical Code , NFPA 70. The National Electrical

19、Code and NEC are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Inc., Quincy, MA 02169. 1.5 In the context of this document, the term generators shall be understood to apply to both AC and DC machines. 2 Components 2.1 Voltage regulators shall comply with the following requiremen

20、ts: a) The Standard for Industrial Control Equipment, UL 508; b) The Standard for Electrical Equipment For Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use; Part 1: General Requirements, UL 61010-1; or c) The Outline of Investigation for Controls for Stationary Engine Driven Assemblies, UL 6200. JULY 2, 201

21、8 ELECTRIC GENERATORS - UL 1004-4 4UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 3 Glossary 3.1 For the purpose of this Standard, the following denitions apply. 3.2 STANDBY GENERATOR Electrical generator intended to provide power during te

22、mporary conditions where normal power is disrupted (e.g. in the case of a severe storm). CONSTRUCTION 4 General 4.1 Machines rated in excess of 1,000 V, or rated between 460 V and up to 34,000 V, and employing a form wound insulation system shall additionally meet the requirements of the Standard fo

23、r Form Wound and Medium Voltage Rotating Electrical Machines, UL 1004-9. PERFORMANCE 5 Overspeed Test 5.1 The generator, arranged for operation in its intended manner, shall be subjected to an overspeed condition as described in 5.2. 5.2 The generator is to be operated at 120 percent of rated RPM an

24、d maintained at that speed for 1 minute. 5.3 There shall be no evidence of a risk of re, shock, or personal injury as a result of this test. 6 Short Circuit Test 6.1 A generator provided with an output overcurrent protective device shall be subjected to the test described in 6.2. 6.2 The generator i

25、s to be run at rated RPM and then the output shall be short-circuited. For multi-phase machines, each phase shall be individually and separately short-circuited both phase to phase as well as phase to ground (or neutral). 6.3 As a result of this test, the overcurrent protective device shall operate

26、as intended and there shall be no evidence of a risk of re, shock, or personal injury. 6.4 At the conclusion of the Short Circuit Test, the generator shall be subjected to and comply with Section 8, Surge Tests. JULY 2, 2018 ELECTRIC GENERATORS - UL 1004-4 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR

27、 FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 7 Output Waveform Distortion 7.1 When tested as described in 7.2, the total rms value of the harmonic voltages, excluding the fundamental, delivered by a generator shall not exceed 5 percent of the fundamental rms output voltage rating

28、. 7.2 With reference to the requirement in 7.1, the generator is to be connected to a linear load having an adjustable impedance so that the generator is able to deliver power at rated power factor. The measurements are to be conducted at open circuit (0 percent), and with the generator delivering 5

29、0 and 100 percent of rated power. 7.3 Exceeding the output voltage distortion levels of 7.1 is not prohibited when the unit is intended for use with a specic load device, is marked in accordance with 10.1, and complies with the following: a) The Temperature Test of UL 1004-1 shall be conducted using

30、 the specied load; b) The temperature on the load shall not exceed the intended values applicable to the load equipment involved; and c) The instruction manual shall contain the information specied in 11.1 when a specic type of device is used. 8 Surge Tests 8.1 At the conclusion of the Short Circuit

31、 Test of Section 6, the generator shall be subjected to and comply with the Surge Test of this Section (see Appendix A). The Surge Test is to be conducted at an amplitude of 3.5 pu, where 1 pu is dened as: in which: V L is the rated rms line-to-line voltage and with a pulse rise time between 100 ns

32、and 1.2 s. 8.2 Pulse-to-Pulse Error Area Ratio (EAR) Test Each phase of the generator under test shall be subjected to a series of impulses with each impulse having the rise time described in 8.1. Each impulse is to be the result of a capacitor discharge. The pulses are to be applied with increasing

33、 amplitude from zero to V L with a difference of no more than 25 volts between successive pulses. The EAR between successive pulses (dened in the equation below) is to differ by no more than 10 percent. The formula for EAR between successive pulses is given by: This is generated text for gtxt. JULY

34、2, 2018 ELECTRIC GENERATORS - UL 1004-4 6UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 9 Temperature Test for Standby Generators 9.1 When tested in accordance with the Temperature Test of UL 1004-1, the windings of a standby generator shal

35、l not exceed the limits specied in Table 9.1, when adjusted to a 40C (104F) ambient. Table 9.1 Maximum winding temperature for standby generators (thermocouple or resistance method) Materials and components C (F) Class A (105) 125 (257) Class B (130) 145 (293) Class F (155) 170 (338) Class H (180) 1

36、90 (374) 9.2 During the Temperature Test when the temperature on a eld-installed lead or on any part within the wiring compartment that can be contacted by a lead is more than 60C (140F) when adjusted to the rated ambient, the standby generator shall be marked at or near the point where eld connecti

37、ons shall be made, and so located that the marking is readily visible during installation in accordance with 10.3. The temperature value to be used in the marking shall be in accordance with Table 9.2. in which: F i (1) is a point in the time series of the rst waveform; F j (2) is the corresponding

38、point in the time series of the second waveform; Npts is the number of points in the time series sampled at each “j th ” point; and EAR 1-2 is the Error Area Ratio of the test F j (2) waveform with respect to the reference F i (1) waveform. EAR 1-2 = Abs( F t (1)- F t (2) Npts t=1 Abs( F j (1) Npts

39、j=1 JULY 2, 2018 ELECTRIC GENERATORS - UL 1004-4 7UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL Table 9.2 Terminal box marking Maximum temperature a attained in terminal box or compartment during temperature test Temperature marking C (F)

40、C (F) 61 75 (142 167) 75 (167) 76 90 (169 194) 90 (194) a Corrected to an ambient temperature of 40C (104F) MARKINGS 10 General 10.1 Units in accordance with 7.3 shall have the following or equivalent marking on the unit: For use with _ loads only, where the space shall indicate the type of loads us

41、ed (such as computer loads, electronic data processing load, or similar loads). 10.2 A standby generator shall be marked “Standby Service”. 10.3 When the temperature within a terminal box exceeds 60C (140F) at a point where eld installed leads can contact, a standby generator shall be additionally m

42、arked with the following: CAUTION: Use supply wires suitable for _C or equivalent wording. The temperature to be marked shall be 75C or 90C for temperature ranges of 61 75C and 76 90C, respectively. The marking shall appear on the nameplate, in the terminal box, or near the point where the supply co

43、nnections are made. Exception: Generators intended for use only as components or specic equipment need not be so marked if this information is provided separately. INSTRUCTIONS 11 General 11.1 In accordance with 7.3(c), the instruction manual for a generator tested with a specic product to determine

44、 the effects of harmonic voltage distortion shall identify the load equipment intended to be used with the generator by the manufacturers name and model designation. JULY 2, 2018 ELECTRIC GENERATORS - UL 1004-4 8UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT

45、PERMISSION FROM UL Appendix A Surge testing of induction machines A1 Principle of the Surge Test A1.1 If a rapidly increasing current is applied to a coil, a voltage will be generated across the coil by the principle of induction. The voltage across the coil is given by V=L*di/dt in which: V is the

46、terminal voltage across the coil; L is the coils inductance; and di/dt is the time derivative of the applied current pulse. A1.2 The terminal voltage V at the leads of the coil is actually a summation of the induced voltage created between individual loops in the coil. If the insulation separating a

47、djacent coils is weak and if the induced voltage is higher than the dielectric strength of the weak insulation, an arc will form between the coils. Surge testing equipment is designed to create the induced voltage between adjacent coils and detect the arcing indicative of weak or failing insulation.

48、 A1.3 Figure A1.1 shows a block diagram typical of todays instrumentation. The internal capacitor is charged to a known voltage by the power supply. At a specic time, a high voltage switch closes which transfers the charge from the capacitor through the windings of the coil. If the resistances and l

49、oss of the entire circuit are such that the system is under damped, charge will be able to ow through the inductor and on to the other side of the capacitor resulting in an oscillation This process of ringing will repeat until the resistances and losses in the circuit completely absorb all of the energy that was originally on the capacitor. The measurement of the terminal voltage of the coil vs. time gives the surge waveform, which shows the damped os