1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL 181 Factory-Made Air Ducts and Air Connectors STANDARD FOR SAFETYUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL COPYRIGHTED MATE
2、RIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL Standard for Safety for Factory-Made Air Ducts and Connectors, UL 181 Eleventh Edition, Dated July 25, 2013 Summary of Topics This revision of ANSI/UL 181 is being issued to update the title page to reect reaf
3、firmation of ANSI approval. Text that has been changed in any manner or impacted by ULs electronic publishing system is marked with a vertical line in the margin. The requirements are substantially in accordance with Proposal(s) on this subject dated February 24, 2017. All rights reserved. No part o
4、f this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopying, recording, or otherwise without prior permission of UL. UL provides this Standard as is without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, includi
5、ng but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or tness for any purpose. In no event will UL be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, indirect or similar damages, including loss of prots, lost savings, loss of data, or any other damages arising out of the use of or the
6、 inability to use this Standard, even if UL or an authorized UL representative has been advised of the possibility of such damage. In no event shall ULs liability for any damage ever exceed the price paid for this Standard, regardless of the form of the claim. Users of the electronic versions of ULs
7、 Standards for Safety agree to defend, indemnify, and hold UL harmless from and against any loss, expense, liability, damage, claim, or judgment (including reasonable attorneys fees) resulting from any error or deviation introduced while purchaser is storing an electronic Standard on the purchasers
8、computer system. APRIL 18, 2017 UL 181 tr1UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL APRIL 18, 2017 UL 181 tr2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM U
9、L JULY 25, 2013 (Title Page Reprinted: April 18, 2017) 1 UL 181 Standard for Factory-Made Air Ducts and Air Connectors The rst through the fourth editions were titled Air Ducts. The fth edition was title Factory-Made Air Duct Materials and Air Duct Connectors. The sixth edition was titled Factory-Ma
10、de Air Ducts and Connectors. First Edition November, 1961 Second Edition March, 1967 Third Edition April, 1970 Fourth Edition May, 1972 Fifth Edition April, 1974 Sixth Edition August, 1981 Seventh Edition April, 1990 Eighth Edition November, 1994 Ninth Edition April, 1996 Tenth Edition May, 2005 Ele
11、venth Edition July 25, 2013 This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the Eleventh Edition including revisions through April 18, 2017. The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 181 as a Reaffirmed American National Standard (ANS) occurred on April 13, 2017. ANSI approval for a standard does not incl
12、ude the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages, and Title Page. The Department of Defense (DoD) has adopted UL 181 on July 20, 1994 . The publication of revised pages or a new edition of this Standard will not invalidate the DoD adoption. Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be
13、 submitted to UL at any time. Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal Request in ULs On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS) at https:/. ULs Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electronic copy of a Standard should be altered in any way. All of ULs
14、 Standards and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding those Standards shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL. COPYRIGHT 2017 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. ANSI/UL 181-2013 (R2017)UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION
15、 FROM UL JULY 25, 2013 FACTORY-MADE AIR DUCTS AND AIR CONNECTORS - UL 181 2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Scope .5 2 Components .5 3 Units of Measurement .6 4 Undated References 6
16、 CONSTRUCTION 5 Materials .6 PERFORMANCE 6 General 6 7 Tests for Surface Burning Characteristics 7 8 Flame Resistance Test 8 9 Bending Test .8 10 Flame Penetration Test .10 10.1 General .10 10.2 Test equipment .10 10.3 Sample preparation 12 10.4 Pre-heat and stabilization 15 10.5 Test method 17 11 B
17、urning Test .17 12 Corrosion Resistance 22 12.1 Test for zinc-coated steel .22 12.2 Tests for coated steel (other than zinc-coated steel) .22 13 Mold Growth and Humidity Test 23 14 Temperature Test .24 14.1 General .24 14.2 Low temperature 24 14.3 High temperature 24 15 Puncture Test 25 16 Static Lo
18、ad Test .26 16.1 General .26 16.2 Tests for rigid air ducts .26 16.3 Tests for exible air ducts and air connectors. 28 17 Impact test .28 18 Erosion Test 31 18.1 General .31 18.2 Test installation .31 18.3 Test method 33 19 Pressure Test 33 20 Collapse Test .34 21 Tension Test 34 22 Torsion Test 35
19、23 Leakage Test .36 JULY 25, 2013 FACTORY-MADE AIR DUCTS AND AIR CONNECTORS - UL 181 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL MARKING 24 Content 36 INSTRUCTIONS 25 Installation Instructions 37 JULY 25, 2013 FACTORY-MADE AIR DUCTS AND
20、 AIR CONNECTORS - UL 181 4UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL INTRODUCTION 1 Scope 1.1 These requirements apply to materials for the fabrication of air duct and air connector systems for use in accordance with the International M
21、echanical Code (IMC), International Residential Code (IRC), and Uniform Mechanical Code (UMC), Standards of the National Fire Protection Association for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems, NFPA No. 90A, and the Installation of Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems,
22、NFPA No. 90B. 1.2 The air ducts and air connectors covered by these requirements include preformed lengths of exible or rigid ducts, materials in the form of boards for eld fabrication of lengths of rigid ducts, and preformed exible air connectors. 1.3 For the purpose of these requirements, air duct
23、s and air connectors are classied as follows: Class 0 Air ducts and air connectors having surface burning characteristics of zero. Class 1 Air ducts and air connectors having a ame-spread index of not over 25 without evidence of continued progressive combustion and a smoke-developed index of not ove
24、r 50. 2 Components 2.1 Except as indicated in 2.2, a component of a product covered by this standard shall comply with the requirements for that component. 2.2 A component is not required to comply with a specic requirement that: a) Involves a feature or characteristic not required in the applicatio
25、n of the component in the product covered by this standard, or b) Is superseded by a requirement in this standard. 2.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions of use. 2.4 Specic components are incomplete in construction features or restricted i
26、n performance capabilities. Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures not exceeding specied limits, and shall be used only under those specic conditions. JULY 25, 2013 FACTORY-MADE AIR DUCTS AND AIR CONNECTORS - UL 181 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL N
27、OT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 3 Units of Measurement 3.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory or approximate information. 4 Undated References 4.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard a
28、ppearing in the requirements of this standard shall be interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard. CONSTRUCTION 5 Materials 5.1 Metals used in the assembly of air ducts and air connectors shall be resistant to atmospheric corrosion and shall not be used in combinations t
29、hat results in galvanic action which deteriorates any part of the system formed from such material. 5.2 To comply with 5.1 with respect to resistance to atmospheric corrosion, metals which are not inherently corrosion resistant, such as sheet steel, or steel wire, are to have a corrosion-resistant c
30、oating. 5.3 The corrosion-resistant coating shall provide protection against atmospheric corrosion as determined by Section 12, Corrosion Resistance, at least equivalent to steel having a uniform coating of zinc of not less than 0.3 ounce per square foot (91.6 g/m 2 ) of surface area. 5.4 Materials
31、which have their protective coating damaged or the effectiveness reduced by the manufacturing process are to be tested after being subjected to such process. PERFORMANCE 6 General 6.1 Table 6.1 indicates the tests applicable to the specic forms of air ducts, air connectors, and joining materials. Ad
32、ditionally, joining materials intended for factory installation are to be evaluated in conjunction with the air duct and air connector tests when specied in the individual sections of this Standard. Exception: Joining materials which comply with the requirements in the Standard for Closure Systems f
33、or Use With Rigid Air Ducts and Air Connectors, UL 181A or the Standard for Closure Systems for Use With Flexible Air Ducts and Air Connectors, UL 181B are not required to be evaluated. JULY 25, 2013 FACTORY-MADE AIR DUCTS AND AIR CONNECTORS - UL 181 6UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTH
34、ER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL Table 6.1 Test program Tests Air ducts Air connectors Joining materials Rigid Flexible Surface Burning Characteristics XXX Flame Resistance X Flame Penetration X X Burning X X X Corrosion a XXXX Mold Growth and Humidity XXXX Temperature X X
35、X Puncture X X Static Load X X b X b Impact X X Erosion X X X Pressure X X X Collapse X X X Tension X X Torsion X X Bending X X Leakage X X X NOTES X Test applicable. Test not applicable. a Applicable to parts of metals not inherently corrosion resistant. b Test applicable for exible air ducts and a
36、ir connectors that incorporate vapor barriers supported by grommets or other means of eld support. 7 Tests for Surface Burning Characteristics 7.1 Representative samples of air ducts and air connectors shall be evaluated for surface burning characteristics and classied according to the requirements
37、in 7.2 and 7.3. 7.2 Class 0 material shall have surface burning characteristics of zero (ame spread and smoke developed). 7.3 Class 1 material shall have a ame-spread index of not over 25 without evidence of continued progressive combustion and a smoke-developed index of not over 50. 7.4 Tests for s
38、urface burning characteristics are to be conducted as specied in the Standard for Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, UL 723. For the purpose of establishing the ame spread and smoke developed indices, typically a minimum of three tests are to be conducted. JULY 25, 2013
39、FACTORY-MADE AIR DUCTS AND AIR CONNECTORS - UL 181 7UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 7.5 Samples are to be positioned in the 25 foot (7.62 m) long re test chamber specied in the Standard for Test for Surface Burning Characteri
40、stics of Building Materials, UL 723. When the composite duct is rigid, no supplemental supports are to be used. When required, due to unusual characteristics of a composite duct that affects the conduct of the test, 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) diameter steel rods shall be used to support the duct construction
41、s. When supporting rods are used, they are to be spaced between 2 feet and 4 feet (0.6 m and 1.2 m) apart as required for support of the samples. 7.6 When the inside and outside surfaces of an air duct or air connector are of different composition, tests for surface burning characteristics are to be
42、 conducted by exposing rst one side and then the other to the test conditions, using different samples for each exposure. A third test is then to be conducted on the worse case condition using a different sample for the exposure. 7.7 Fabrics, tapes, or other joining materials eld-applied to or formi
43、ng part of a factory-made air duct, air connector, or other parts identied as a component of the product are to be in place during the tests for surface burning characteristics. When, however, the application of the fabric, tape, or other joining material to the sample is likely to affect the variou
44、s surface burning characteristic indices, samples are to be tested with and without longitudinal seams or joints, and the higher indices taken. 8 Flame Resistance Test 8.1 Fabrics, tapes, or other joining materials shall be those classied for ammability when, as applied to an air duct or air connect
45、or, the material is exposed to the internal air stream. 8.2 Tests of fabrics, tapes, or other joining materials to determine compliance with 8.1 are to be made in accordance with the method described in the Standard Methods of re Tests for Flame Propagation of Textiles and Films, NFPA 701. 9 Bending
46、 Test 9.1 Sections of exible air ducts and air connectors shall not be damaged when bent through a 180-degree arc over a mandrel having a diameter equal to the inside diameter of the air duct or air connector when tested in accordance with 9.3 9.5. 9.2 Sections of exible air ducts shall maintain min
47、imum insulation and scrim (when applicable) overlaps when tested in accordance with 9.6 9.10. Exception: A exible air duct whose inner core complies with the Flame Penetration Test without insulation is not required to be tested in accordance with 9.6 9.10. 9.3 Previously untested samples are to be
48、tested. Samples, at least 8 feet (2.43 m) long, (are to be specied) in accordance with 17.2. Sections of air ducts and air connectors are to be prepared in accordance with 17.3. Steel collars, when not part of the assembly, are to be attached to each end of the test sample in accordance with the man
49、ufacturers instructions. One end of the test sample is to be retained in place and the sample positioned adjacent to the test mandrel so that the center joint of the sample is not located in the area to be subjected to bending. The sample is to be bent through a 180-degree arc around the test mandrel. JULY 25, 2013 FACTORY-MADE AIR DUCTS AND AIR CONNECTORS - UL 181 8UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPROD
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