ANSI UL 1897-2015 UL Standard for Safety Uplift Tests for Roof Covering Systems (Seventh Edition).pdf

1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL 1897 Uplift Tests for Roof Covering SystemsUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FO

2、R FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL Standard for Safety for Uplift Tests for Roof Covering Systems, UL 1897 Seventh Edition, Dated September 23, 2015 Summary of Topics This new edition of ANSI/UL 1897 was issued to incorporate clarication related to the conditions of

3、 acceptance, and to include the 2 2 pull test and 5 9 wind uplift test methods. The new and revised requirements are substantially in accordance with Proposal(s) on this subject dated April 17, 2015 and July 3, 2015. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a ret

4、rieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopying, recording, or otherwise without prior permission of UL. UL provides this Standard as is without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merc

5、hantability or tness for any purpose. In no event will UL be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, indirect or similar damages, including loss of prots, lost savings, loss of data, or any other damages arising out of the use of or the inability to use this Standard, even if UL or an aut

6、horized UL representative has been advised of the possibility of such damage. In no event shall ULs liability for any damage ever exceed the price paid for this Standard, regardless of the form of the claim. Users of the electronic versions of ULs Standards for Safety agree to defend, indemnify, and

7、 hold UL harmless from and against any loss, expense, liability, damage, claim, or judgment (including reasonable attorneys fees) resulting from any error or deviation introduced while purchaser is storing an electronic Standard on the purchasers computer system. SEPTEMBER 23, 2015 UL 1897 tr1UL COP

8、YRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 23, 2015 UL 1897 tr2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 23, 2015 1 UL 1897 Standard for

9、 Uplift Tests for Roof Covering Systems The First edition was titled Roof Covering Systems. First Edition November, 1992 Second Edition April, 1993 Third Edition March, 1995 Fourth Edition April, 1998 Fifth Edition March, 2004 Sixth Edition September, 2012 Seventh Edition September 23, 2015 This ANS

10、I/UL Standard for Safety consists of the Seventh Edition. The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 1897 as an American National Standard (ANSI) occurred on September 23, 2015. ANSI approval for a standard does not include the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages and Title Page. Comments or proposals for revi

11、sions on any part of the Standard may be submitted to UL at any time. Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal Request in ULs On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS) at http:/. ULs Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electronic copy of a Standard s

12、hould be altered in any way. All of ULs Standards and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding those Standards shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL. COPYRIGHT 2015 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. ANSI/UL 1897-2015UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR

13、 DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 23, 2015 UPLIFT TESTS FOR ROOF COVERING SYSTEMS - UL 1897 2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Scope .4 2 Units of Measurement .4 PAR

14、T I UPLIFT RESISTANCE TEST PERFORMANCE 3 Test Apparatus General .4 4 Test Assembly Minimum 10 10ft5 5 Test Assembly 5 9ft.6 6 Test Procedure 10 10ft 6 7 Test Procedure 5 9ft 7 8 Conditions of Acceptance5x9a n d1 0x1 0Test .8 REPORT 9 General 9 CLASSIFICATION 10 Details .10 PART II SIMULATED WIND UPL

15、IFT PULL TEST GENERAL 11 Wind Upift Pull Test General .10 PERFORMANCE 12 Test Apparatus .10 13 Test Assembly .11 14 Test Procedure .11 15 Conditions of Acceptance for Simulated Wind Uplift Pull Test 13 16 Results 13 SEPTEMBER 23, 2015 UPLIFT TESTS FOR ROOF COVERING SYSTEMS - UL 1897 3UL COPYRIGHTED

16、MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL INTRODUCTION 1 Scope 1.1 The test method specied in this Standard is intended to provide uplift resistance data for the evaluation of the attachment of roof covering systems to roof decks by using differentia

17、l air pressures. It is applicable to any type of roong system which is adaptable to the test equipment. 1.2 The test evaluates the roof covering systems method of attachment, including all components such as base sheets, ply sheets, slip sheets, membranes, etc. and insulation, if used. Supporting ro

18、of decks are evaluated only with respect to span conditions and physical properties such as gauge, yield strength, grade, size and/or species of lumber and related factors which affect fastener attachment or bond strength. 1.3 This test method provides a comparative measure of the uplift resistance

19、for roong systems by means of static differential pressure. The method does not necessarily simulate the actual dynamic uplift pressures encountered by roong systems. Uplift pressures on a roong system are dependent upon many factors such as wind gusts, building shape, edge conguration, and the terr

20、ain surrounding the building. A method to calculate the uplift pressures on roof assemblies is contained in the Standard for Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, American Society of Civil Engineers, ANSI/ASCE 7. 1.4 The purpose of this test method is to provide data regarding the

21、 securement of the roong system to the roof deck based upon a short-term static load. When needed the option to include the roof deck attachment to supports shall be described in the test Report. A test method for evaluating uplift resistance of complete roof deck assemblies including the roof deck

22、and its attachment to supports may also be available in Reports for Standard for Tests for Uplift Resistance of Roof Assemblies, UL 580. 2 Units of Measurement 2.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory or approximate information. PART I UPLIFT R

23、ESISTANCE TEST PERFORMANCE 3 Test Apparatus General 3.1 The test apparatus, in general, consist of a top and/or bottom chamber to create and maintain a uniform steady static pressure. The top chamber when used shall be of sufficient dimensions to cover the specied area of roong system and of suffici

24、ent volume so as not to interfere with upward deections of the roong system. At least one static pressure tap shall be provided to measure the chamber pressure and shall be so located that the reading is unaffected by the velocity of the air supply to or from the chamber, or any other air movement.

25、SEPTEMBER 23, 2015 UPLIFT TESTS FOR ROOF COVERING SYSTEMS - UL 1897 4UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 3.2 The air system is to consist of a controllable blower, or a constant volume blower, or both, with an adjustable pressure

26、 relief damper capable of providing constant static air pressure differential across the roong system for the test duration. 3.3 When underside positive pressure is utilized, the apparatus shall incorporate a bottom chamber capable of applying a steady positive pressure to the underside of the test

27、assembly. The air supply opening into the bottom chamber shall be arranged so that the air does not impinge directly on the test specimen. 3.4 When underside uniform static positive pressure is utilized in combination with topside uniform static negative pressure the total differential pressure acro

28、ss the assembly is to be measured as well as the corresponding pressures developed within the bottom and the top chambers. 3.5 Recording equipment is to be used to make a permanent record of the pressure levels developed in the test. 4 Test Assembly Minimum 10 10 ft 4.1 The roof system test assembly

29、 is to be representative as to materials, workmanship, and details such as dimensions of parts of the roof deck construction for the rating desired. It shall be built in accordance with the system installation specications under conditions representative of those in building construction under norma

30、l eld conditions of use. Properties of the materials and ingredients used in the test assembly, together with their location and method of attachment, are to be determined and recorded. 4.2 The dimensions of the test assembly are to be a minimum of 10 by 10 ft (3.05 by 3.05 m). The test assembly sha

31、ll contain side and end joints if such occur in eld installation, which represent the most vulnerable exposure to uplift due to wind conditions. Test assemblies that utilize mechanically-attached membranes are to be of sufficient size to incorporate a minimum of three batten or fastener rows plus an

32、 additional 1-ft ( 0.305-m) minimum outside the outlying batten or fastener rows. The test assembly shall consist of secondary bearing members, such as purlins and joists, to which the roof decking is fastened. The assembly components, including secondary members, are to be located to best simulate

33、eld conditions, such as maximum span and maximum attachment spacing. 4.3 The periphery of the roong system test assembly is to be sealed so as to permit the development of a sustained static pressure differential. 4.4 Polyethylene lm shall be permitted to seal joints or other air-permeable portions

34、within roof systems when necessary to attain test pressures. The lm shall be applied loosely with longitudinal pleats that are positioned up into ribs and/or with extra folds such that the lm follows the contour of the assemblies under test. Use of the plastic lm shall not prohibit transfer of the f

35、ull load to the assembly, shall not prevent full movement, or otherwise adversely impact test results. 4.5 The test assembly is to be cured at room temperature until the eld strength, humidity, and temperature as specied by the manufacturer are achieved. Hot-mopped or torch applied bitumen roof cove

36、rings are to be tested after reaching an ambient room temperature. SEPTEMBER 23, 2015 UPLIFT TESTS FOR ROOF COVERING SYSTEMS - UL 1897 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 4.6 The test specimen frame, containing the installed roo

37、f assembly, is placed on the pressure vessel and is sealed by a gasket located between the top of the pressure vessel and the bottom of the test specimen frame. Contact between the pressure vessel and the test sample frame is made at the perimeter. 5 Test Assembly 5 9f t 5.1 The 5 9 Wind Uplift Test

38、 Procedure shall be permitted to be used to evaluate various types of roof assemblies in accordance with (a) (f). The Simulated Wind Uplift Resistance Rating obtained using this procedure shall be limited to a maximum of 90 lbs/ft 2 (4.3 kPa): a) Mechanically-attached and spot welded membranes are t

39、o be of sufficient size to incorporate a minimum of three batten or fastener rows The batten or fastener row spacing shall not be in excess of 4-ft (1.2-m) on center. The batten or fastener rows shall be oriented parallel to the 5-ft (1.5-m) width of the chamber. The batten or fastener rows shall in

40、corporate a minimum of three fasteners per row and shall not be in excess of 2-ft (0.6-m) on center. b) Assemblies with adhered membranes to fastened board layers (spot or grid affixed) shall be spaced a maximum 2 4-ft (0.64 1.2-m) on center with the 4-ft (1.2-m) dimension oriented along the length

41、of the chamber. At least one full size board shall be incorporated into the assembly. The board shall be centered in the specimen and not in direct contact with the chamber seal along the perimeter of the assembly. c) Assemblies shall not be permitted to incorporate an air barrier. d) Assemblies sha

42、ll not contain structural concrete or other air impermeable or monolithic substrates as the roof deck. e) Standing/lap seam metal roof systems shall not be permitted. f) Air permeable roof systems, e.g. those require polyethylene lm to seal the roof covering to attain test pressure, shall not be per

43、mitted. 6 Test Procedure 10 10 ft 6.1 A roof system test assembly shall comply with the following requirements during and at the conclusion of the test procedure described in 6.1 6.5 and Conditions of Acceptance5x9a n d1 0x1 0Test, Section 8. All roof system components and the roof deck shall mainta

44、in their structural and weather resistant integrity throughout the test. 6.2 The test is terminated when the roof system test assembly does not comply with 6.1, or at the completion of: a) A designated static pressure difference held for 1 min where no failure has occurred; or b) The maximum static

45、pressure difference which was sustained by the equipment for 1 min. SEPTEMBER 23, 2015 UPLIFT TESTS FOR ROOF COVERING SYSTEMS - UL 1897 6UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 6.3 The test is regulated by raising the uplift static p

46、ressure difference from the topside and underside of the roong system test assembly. Start the test by raising the pressure difference to 15 lbs/ft 2 (0.72 kPa) and holding for 1 min. Thereafter, raise the pressure in increments not greater than 15 lbs/ft 2 (0.72 kPa) and hold the pressure at each i

47、ncrement for 1 min. 6.4 Repairs or modications, except to stop air leakage along the periphery, are not to be made to the assembly during the test. 6.5 All vertical movement of the assembly or components of the assembly during the test are to be noted and recorded. 7 Test Procedure 5 9f t 7.1 A roof

48、 system test assembly shall comply with the Conditions of Acceptance5x9a n d1 0x1 0Test, Section 8 during and at the conclusion of the 5 9 ft test procedure described in 7.2 7.8. 7.2 Air is introduced into the pressure vessel until the pressure level reaches 15 lbs/ft 2 (0.7 kPa) with a tolerance of

49、 +2 lbs/ft 2 , 0 lbs/ft 2 (+0.1 kPa, 0 kPa). The air shall be introduced at a rate that will increase the resulting pressure 1.5 lbs/ft 2 /sec 1 lbs/ft 2 /sec (0.07 kPa/sec 0.05 kPa/sec). Upon reaching 15 lbs/ft 2 (0.7 kPa), the pressure level shall be maintained for a period of 60 sec. The air and clamps shall be permitted to be adjusted as necessary in order to maintain a constant reading. While the sample is being maintained at this p