ANSI Z135-2012 Personal Transport Vehicles C Safety and Performance Specifications (ILTVA).pdf

1、American National Standardfor Personal Transport Vehicles Safety and Performance SpecificationsANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012Revision and redesignation ofANSI/NGCMA Z135-2004American National Standardfor Personal Transport Vehicles Safety and Performance SpecificationsS

2、ecretariatInternational Light Transportation Vehicle Association, Inc. d/b/aNational Golf Car Manufacturers Association (“NGCMA”)Approved March 27, 2012American National Standards Institute, Inc.Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, c

3、onsensus, and other criteria for approval havebeen met by the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly andmaterially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana sim

4、ple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he h

5、as approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStand

6、ard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this sta

7、ndard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive curre

8、nt information on all standards by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards Institute.American National StandardPublished byAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc.25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036Copyright 2012 by International Light Transportation Vehicle Association, Inc.All rig

9、hts reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the United States of AmericaiContentsPageForeword .iiGeneral introduction. ivPart I Introduction1 Scope and purpose . 12

10、Normative references 13 Definitions 24 Interpretation . 5 Part II Maintenance and Operations5 General safety practices 66 Maintenance 77 Fuels handling and storage/battery charging 88 Operating safety rules and practices (Operator and passenger qualifications) . 8 Part III Manufacturers Requirements

11、9 General requirements . 910 Electric-powered PTVs 2011 Internal combustion powered vehicles 21Annex A Bibliography . 25Tables1 PTV headlamp photometric specification - Upper beam . 112 PTV headlamp photometric specification - Lower beam . 11 Figures1 First and second restraint reference points 132

12、Positioning of occupant test weights 153 Longitudinal Test Position . 164 Vehicle placement on lateral tilting platform (four wheel) 17iiForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012.)This standard was developed to establish safety specifications for the desi

13、gn and op-eration of electric- and internal-combustion-engine-powered personal transport vehi-cles (“PTVs“), with respect to speed, acceleration, stability, braking systems,operational controls, electrical systems, lighting, fuel systems, and general configura-tions. A specified safety warning label

14、 lists the major safety and precautionary oper-ating measures to be observed. Safety codes and standards are intended to enhancepublic health and safety.The standard was prepared by the Engineering Specifications Committee of the In-ternational Light Transportation Vehicle Association sponsor of ANS

15、I/ILTVA Z135-2012. This standard applies to PTVs manufactured subsequent to its publication.Requests for changes to, or information concerning, this standard shall be consid-ered by the Sponsor. They should be sent to the International Light TransportationVehicle Association, c/o Fred L. Somers, Jr.

16、, Suite 1200, Two Ravinia Drive, Atlanta,Georgia 30346-2130.Consensus for this standard was developed by use of the Canvass Method. The fol-lowing persons, recognized as having an interest in the standardization of PTVs,were contacted prior to the approval of this standard. Inclusion in this list do

17、es notnecessarily imply that all organizations or representatives concurred with the submit-tal of the proposed standard to ANSI.William J. Bagaria, Ph.D(Independent Professional Engineer)Gordon Beckley(Trojan Battery)Gerald C. DeMaria, Esq.(Higgins, Cavanagh however, they should not contain proprie

18、tary names or information. 4.3 Metric Conversions The values stated in SI metric units are to be regarded as the standard. U.S. customary unit values are shown (XXIX) in parenthesis. Conversion of Metric units to U.S. customary unit values is calculated pursuant to Appendix B, “NIST Special Publicat

19、ion 811: Guide for the use of the International System of Units (SI)” National Institute of Standards and Technology. ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012 6 PART II: MAINTENANCE AND OPERATIONS It is recommended that Part II be reprinted in the manufacturers operation and service manuals to encourage safe operations

20、 and practices at the regulatory authoritys facility or within the regulatory authoritys jurisdiction. 5 General safety practices 5.1 Introduction Like other vehicles, improper use or maintenance of PTVs may result in personal injury or death. This Part II contains broad safety practices recommended

21、 for safe PTV operations. Before operation, the controlling party should establish such additional specific safety practices as may be reasonably required for safe operations, for the intended use of the vehicle and applicable environment. Experience has shown that PTVs that comply with the provisio

22、ns stated in Part III of this standard are safe when properly operated in accordance with the safety and operation warnings affixed to every PTV. The safe operation is enhanced when the PTVs are operated within a specific set of operation instructions, safety rules and practices established to meet

23、actual operating terrain and conditions. 5.2 Grades Excessive speed while descending grades adversely affects the stability of the PTV and its ability to stop. Hazardous grades shall be identified with a suitable warning at a point preceding the initiation of the slope for example, “Warning, steep h

24、ill, slow down now”. All slopes should generally be considered potentially hazardous especially when a turn occurs on the down slope or the slope exceeds 10% (6 deg) on an unpaved surface or 20% (11 deg) on a paved surface. Avoid parking on steep hills. 5.3 Slippery terrain Extreme caution should be

25、 used when driving on slippery terrain. Wet grassy areas or ice, e.g., may cause a PTV to lose traction and may adversely affect operator control. 5.4 Turns All turns shall be negotiated at a reduced speed. Approach turns with caution particularly on grades. Negotiating a turn can affect the stabili

26、ty and control of a PTV, causing loads and passengers to shift. Avoid curves not properly banked to avoid negative super elevation. 5.5 Loose terrain Extreme caution shall be used when driving in areas of loose terrain. Loose terrain, e.g., sand or gravel, can cause a PTV to lose traction and may af

27、fect steering, braking and stability. Areas of loose terrain shall be repaired if possible, or closed off to prevent PTV operation or identified by a suitable warning to operators not to operate PTVs in those areas 5.6 Mixed use areas Areas where PTVs could or do interact with pedestrians, bicycles,

28、 or motor vehicles, should be avoided, if possible. If avoidance of the interaction is not possible or is highly impractical, warning signs shall be erected. 5.7 Golf course operation If operating a PTV on a golf course, it shall comply with ANSI/ILTVA Z130.1. 5.8 Modifications Modifications made to

29、 PTVs that are not approved by the original equipment manufacturer may adversely affect the safe operation and performance of the vehicle. If a PTV has been modified by a ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012 7 party other than the original equipment manufacturer, the controlling party shall (i) arrange for the modi

30、fication to be designed, tested and implemented by an engineer expert in PTVs and their safety; (ii) maintain a permanent record of the design test(s) and implementation of the modification; (iii) make appropriate changes to the capacity, plate(s), decals, and operation and maintenance manuals; and

31、(iv) affix a permanent and readily visible label on the PTV car stating the PTV has been modified with the date of the modification and the name of the organization that accomplished the modification. The controlling party shall not perform, or allow to be performed, any modification or addition to

32、the vehicle that affects capacity or safe operation, or make any change not in accordance with the original equipment manufacturers operations and service manuals, without the original equipment manufacturers prior written authorization. Whether or not modifications have been authorized by the origi

33、nal equipment manufacturer, if modifications are made, the controlling party making the modifications becomes the original equipment manufacturer of the modified vehicle and has the responsibility to ensure that capacity, operation, warning, maintenance instruction plates, tags, and/or decals are ch

34、anged accordingly. 6 Maintenance 6.1 Introduction PTVs may become hazardous if maintenance is neglected or improperly performed. Proper maintenance shall be performed by trained personnel in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. 6.2 Preventive maintenance A regularly scheduled inspectio

35、n and preventive maintenance program in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations should be established. Such a program will be a valuable tool in providing the PTV operator with a safe, properly operating PTV. 6.2.1 Personnel Only qualified, trained and authorized personnel shall be permitt

36、ed to inspect, adjust and maintain PTVs. 6.2.2 Parts and materials Manufacturers recommended replacement parts and materials should be used. 6.2.3 Maintenance and repair safety procedures All repair and maintenance shall be performed in accordance with the manufacturers recommended maintenance and s

37、afety procedures as outlined in the manufacturers operation and service manuals. For example: a) Each vehicle should be removed from service if repair or maintenance is needed; b) Follow manufacturers instructions for immobilizing PTV before beginning any maintenance; c) Block chassis before working

38、 underneath PTV; d) Before disconnecting any part of the fuel system, drain the system and turn all valves, to the “off“ position, to prevent leakage or accumulation of flammable fuels; e) Avoid fire hazards and have fire protection equipment available; f) Before performing any maintenance on an ele

39、ctric PTV, disconnect the electrical system in accordance with the manufacturers instructions; g) Use only properly insulated tools when performing maintenance; h) Periodically inspect and maintain brakes, steering mechanisms, warning devices, governors, safety decals and all other safety devices an

40、d maintain them in a safe operating condition. Do not modify these devices unless instructed to do so by the manufacturer; ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012 8 i) After each maintenance or repair, have the PTV driven by qualified and trained personnel to ensure proper operation and adjustment; perform validation

41、checks in an area that is free of vehicular and pedestrian traffic; j) Record all work performed in a maintenance record log by date, name of person performing maintenance and type of maintenance. The controlling party should periodically inspect maintenance log to ensure accuracy and completeness o

42、f entries. 6.2.4 The controlling party shall maintain all Danger, Warning and Caution labels, (collectively and individually “safety labels”); nameplates; serial numbers; and instructions that are supplied by the manufacturer in a legible condition. 6.2.5 As required in 6.2.4, the manufacturer shall

43、 be contacted to secure new nameplates, warnings, or safety labels, as necessary, which shall be affixed in their proper place on the PTV as designated in the owners manual. 7 Fuels handling and storage/battery charging 7.1 Ventilation Maintenance and storage areas shall be properly ventilated to av

44、oid fire hazards in accordance with applicable fire codes and ordinances. Ventilation for internal combustion engine PTVs shall be provided to remove flammable vapors, fumes and other flammable materials. Consult applicable fire codes for specific levels of ventilation. Ventilation for electric-powe

45、red PTVs shall be provided to remove the accumulation of flammable hydrogen gas emitted during the charging process. Because of the highly volatile nature of hydrogen gas and its propensity to rise and accumulate at the ceiling in pockets, a minimum of five air changes per hour is recommended for mu

46、ltiple vehicles, and one air change per hour may be adequate for one vehicle. The controlling party shall consult applicable fire and safety codes for the specific ventilation levels required. See the ILTVA Golf Car Safety Storage Guidelines and SAE J1718, Measurement of Hydrogen Gas Emission from B

47、attery-Powered Passenger Car and Light Truck during Battery Charging. 7.2 The controlling party shall require battery changing and charging facilities and procedures to be in accordance with applicable ordinances or regulations. 7.3 The controlling party shall supervise the storage and handling of l

48、iquid fuels in accordance with ANSI/NFPA 30. 7.4 Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gas fuels shall be in accordance with ANSI/NFPA 58. 7.5 The controlling party shall periodically inspect charging and storage areas or facilities and review procedures to be certain that the procedures in 7.

49、1 through 7.4 inclusive are being followed. 8 Operating safety rules and practices (Operator and passenger qualifications) 8.1 It is recommended only authorized persons who are qualified by the controlling party be allowed to operate a PTV. Qualifications may include training, proof of insurance, minimum age requirement or other appropriate standards or regulatory requirements. 8.2 It is the responsibility of the operator to ensure that all occupants comply with the safety warnings. ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012 9 PART III: MANUFACTURERS REQUIREMENTS 9 General requirements 9.1 Iden