ANSI Z80.3-2018 Ophthalmics - Nonprescription Sunglass and Fashion Eyewear Requirements (The Vision Council).pdf

1、American National Standardfor Ophthalmics Nonprescription Sunglass andFashion Eyewear RequirementsANSI Z80.3-2018ANSI Z80.3-2018ANSIZ80.3-2018Revision ofANSI Z80.3-2015American National Standardfor Ophthalmics Nonprescription Sunglass andFashion Eyewear RequirementsSecretariatThe Vision CouncilAppro

2、ved February 14, 2018Published March 13, 2018American National Standards Institute, Inc.Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval havebeen met by the standards developer.Consensus is established

3、when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly andmaterially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objections be considered,

4、 and that a concerted effort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or

5、 procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American Nationa

6、l Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedure

7、s of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards Institute.American Nat

8、ional StandardPublished byThe Vision Council225 Reinekers Lane, Suite 700Alexandria, VA 22314Copyright 2018 by The Vision CouncilAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of the publis

9、her.Printed in the United States of AmericaDeveloped byThe Accredited Committee Z80 for Ophthalmic StandardsThe Vision Council225 Reinekers Lane, Suite 700Alexandria, VA 22314Contents Foreword iii 1 Scope and Purpose 1 2 Normative References 1 3 Definitions 3 4 Requirements . 8 4.1 General 8 4.2 Imp

10、act resistance . 9 4.3 Flammability . 9 4.4 Frame finish 9 4.5 Frame corrosion . 9 4.6 Frame material safety to health of wearer . 9 4.7 Frame deformation and retention of lenses 9 4.8 Cosmetic quality of lenses 10 4.9 Refractive properties 10 4.9.1 Refractive power 10 4.9.2 Astigmatic power 10 4.9.

11、3 Prismatic power imbalance . 10 4.10 Transmittance properties 10 4.10.1 Luminous transmittance . 10 4.10.2 Transmittance properties related to traffic signal recognition 10 4.10.2.1 Color limits . 10 4.10.2.2 Traffic signal transmittance . 11 4.10.2.3 Spectral transmittance 12 4.10.3 Ultraviolet me

12、an transmittance . 12 4.10.4 Near infrared transmittance 12 4.10.5 Blue light transmittance 12 4.11 Qualification of lens types . 12 4.11.1 Polarizing lens 12 4.11.1.1 Type I polarizing lens 12 4.11.1.2 Type II polarizing lens . 12 4.11.2 Photosensitive lens. 12 4.11.2.1 Type I variable transmittanc

13、e photosensitive lens . 12 4.11.2.2 Type II variable color photosensitive lens . 12 4.11.3 Gradient tint lens 12 4.11.4 Uniform tint lens . 13 4.12 Tint imbalance between lenses 13 4.13 Axis of polarization . 13 4.14 Resistance to radiation . 13 5 Test Procedures . 13 5.1 Impact resistance . 13 5.1.

14、1 Lens or blank only 13 5.1.1.1 Lens or blank on tube . 14 5.1.1.2 Lens or blank on block 14 5.1.1.3 Modification of supports 14 5.1.2 Lens in frame 14 5.2 Alternate tests 14 5.3 Ignition test . 14 5.3.1 Apparatus . 14 5.3.1.1 Steel rod . 14 5.3.1.2 Timer 14 i5.3.2 Procedure . 14 5.4 Corrosion resis

15、tance test 15 5.4.1 Apparatus . 15 5.4.2 Procedure . 15 5.5 Cosmetic quality test 15 5.6 Refractive properties test 15 5.7 Transmittance properties tests . 15 5.7.1 Luminous transmittance test . 15 5.7.1.1 Photometric test . 16 5.7.1.2 Visual method . 16 5.7.2 Transmittance properties related to tra

16、ffic signal recognition 16 5.7.2.1 Chromaticity coordinates 16 5.7.2.2 Traffic signal transmittance . 17 5.7.3 Ultraviolet mean transmittance test . 17 5.7.4 Near infrared transmittance 18 5.7.5 Solar blue transmittance . 18 5.8 Photosensitive lens qualification test 19 5.8.1 Test specimens 19 5.8.2

17、 Apparatus . 19 5.8.2.1 Irradiation source 19 5.8.2.2 Specimen chamber. 19 5.8.2.3 Spectrophotometer . 19 5.8.3 Determination of luminous transmittance 20 5.8.3.1 Conditioning . 20 5.8.3.2 Luminous transmittance in the faded state . 20 5.8.3.3 Luminous transmittance in the darkened state 20 5.8.3.4

18、Luminous transmittance at moderate light levels 20 5.8.3.5 Luminous transmittance for driving in twilight or at night . 20 5.8.3.6 Luminous transmittance at various temperatures . 20 5.9 Resistance to radiation test 20 6 Country of origin . 21 7 Identification of the standard . 21 Table 1 Computatio

19、nal data for transmittance properties 22 Table 2 Reference data for products given in Table 1 . 23 Table 3 Solar irradiation at sea level with surface perpendicular to suns rays, m = 2 24 Table 4 Transmittance properties for nonprescription sunglass and cosmetic lenses 25 Table 5 Data for computing

20、blue light transmittance 26 Table 6 Irradiance for testing photosensitive spectacle lenses 26 Figure 1 Color limit regions of acceptance 27 Figure 2 Lens on tube. 28 Figure 3 Baseplate . 29 Figure 4 Lens on block . 30 Figure 5 Recommended system for visually inspecting lens for defects . 31 Annex A

21、Bibliography . 32 iiiiiForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI Z80.3-2018.)Summary of Changes to ANSI Z80.3 for 2018This 2018 revision clarifies testing of photosensitive lenses, making requirements inthis standard consistent with international standards.Background and

22、 summary of past revisions for ANSI Z80.3Changes made in 2015 include revised requirements for prism power and imbalance;clarification of luminous transmittance variations, tolerances, and requirements; up-dated requirements for frame flammability and new requirements for frame durability;and severa

23、l new definitions and a new figure demonstrating assessment of cosmeticlens quality.Changes made in 2010 were the addition of subclauses addressing resistance to ra-diation; revision of the photosensitive lens qualification test; addition of the definitionof polarizing efficiency; correction of the

24、equations for the calculation of mean trans-mittance; addition of country of origin labeling; and addition of an equation to theNotes under Table 5.The purchasers and users of nonprescription sunglasses and fashion eyewear needto be assured of certain minimum levels of performance and quality in the

25、se prod-ucts. These are either implicit expectations in the product performance, or safety.The purchaser of the product does not ordinarily have the means to properly assessthese characteristics.In order to accomplish these goals, it is necessary to establish commonly accepteddefinitions, equations,

26、 sources, and methodology so that manufacturers can produceproducts to meet the standard.This American National Standard specifies impact-resistant characteristics; cosmet-ic, refractive, and transmittance properties of lenses; and the flammability and dura-bility of frames and lenses.Cosmetic, refr

27、active, transmittance, and frame properties specified herein are intend-ed as guidelines, and therefore they are subject to revision since there is a need tostudy further the validity of these property specifications as related to actual normaluse requirements.The Z80.3 Subcommittee was organized in

28、 December 1970 and had its first meetingon January 7, 1971. The committee usually meets formally twice per calendar year,and members review material by email, phone, or fax throughout the year. Workinggroups may be formed to investigate specific projects.This standard contains one annex, which is in

29、formative and is not part of this stan-dard.Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. Suggestions shouldbe sent to The Vision Council, 225 Reinekers Lane, Suite 700, Alexandria, VA22314.ivThis standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the AccreditedStandards Co

30、mmittee Z80 (ASC Z80). Committee approval of this standard does notnecessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it ap-proved this standard, ASC Z80 had the following members:Thomas C. White, M.D., ChairNeil Roch, Vice-ChairWilliam J. Benjamin, O.D., SecretaryMicha

31、el Vitale, SecretariatOrganization Represented Name of RepresentativeAdvanced Medical Technology Association . Michael PflegerAmerican Academy of Ophthalmology . Thomas WhiteAmerican Academy of Optometry. David LoshinAmerican Ceramic Society . Lyle RubinAmerican Glaucoma Society Steven GeddeAmerican

32、 Optometric Association. Karl CitekAmerican Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery Stephen KlyceContact Lens Institute. Stan RogaskiContact Lens Manufacturers Association . Martin DalsingCornea Society . Michael BelinDepartment of Veterans Affairs John TownsendFood however, variable tint lenses

33、that fade to a luminous transmittance greater than 75% are covered. Lenses with less than 75% luminous transmittance anywhere on the lenses are not suitable for driving under low light conditions, such as but not limited to twilight or night. 2 Normative References The following standards contain pr

34、ovisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this American National Standard. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this American National Standard are encouraged to apply the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. ANSI Z

35、80.1, Ophthalmics Prescription Ophthalmic Lenses Recommendations1 ANSI Z80.5, Ophthalmics Requirements for ophthalmic frames1 ANSI Z80.17, Focimeters1ANSI Z87.1, Occupational and educational eye and face protection devices11Available from the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rdStreet

36、, New York, NY 10036 (Website: webstore.ansi.org). ANSI Z80.3-2018 2 ANSI/ASQC Z1.4, Sampling procedures and tables for inspection by attributes1 ASTM D412, Standard test methods for vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic elastomers Tension 2 ASTM D2240, Standard test method for rubber property Duromet

37、er hardness2 Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 Part 801.4103 ISO 12311, Personal protective equipment Test methods for sunglasses and related eyewear1 ISO 12312-1, Eye and face protection Sunglasses and related eyewear Part 1: Sunglasses for general use12Available from the ASTM International, 10

38、0 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428 (Website: www.astm.org) 3Available from the U.S. Government Publishing Office, P.O. Box 979050, St. Louis, MO 63197-9000 (Website: www.gpo.gov) ANSI Z80.3-2018 3 3 Definitions 3.1 Capable of withstanding an impact test The ability of a lens to withsta

39、nd impact as determined by 100% testing or by testing of a statistically significant sample (for example, conforming to the requirements of ANSI/ASQC Z1.4) of each production batch, or at the option of the manufacturer, as an integral part of the manufacturing process. Capability of withstanding an

40、impact test is determined by testing at any feasible stage of manufacture, as described in 5.1.1 and 5.1.2. 3.2 Reference point The point on a lens blank, unmounted lens, or finished lens at which refractive properties, and around which transmittance properties, are specified and measured. 3.2.1 Int

41、ended visual axis When specified, the point on a lens coincident with the wearers interpupillary distance or other known or presumed line of sight. 3.2.2 Geometric center When the intended visual axis is not specified, the geometric center shall be the reference point. The geometric center is the po

42、int midway between the two vertical tangents and midway between the two horizontal tangents of the edges of a finished lens. For a one-piece or goggle lens intended to cover both eyes, the vertical midline of the lens may be used to determine the geometric center of the portion of the lens for each

43、eye. 3.3 Lens fracture A lens is considered to have fractured when it cracks through its entire thickness and across a complete diameter into two or more separate pieces, or when any piece of lens material visible to the naked eye becomes detached from the ocular surface, or if the test ball passes

44、through the lens. 3.4 Lens types 3.4.1 General purpose lens A lens whose nominal luminous transmittance is at least 8% and that allows the apparent chromaticity of Standard Illuminant D65, when viewed through the lens, to fall within the boundary for daylight (4.10.2.1 part 4, and Figure 1). 3.4.2 G

45、radient tint lens A lens whose luminous transmittance varies significantly across the lens. 3.4.3 Photosensitive lens A lens whose luminous transmittance or color, or both, depends on the recent exposure history of the lens. 3.4.4 Polarizing lens A lens whose luminous transmittance varies with the a

46、mount and orientation of the polarization in the incident light. ANSI Z80.3-2018 4 3.4.5 Special purpose lens 3.4.5.1 Strongly colored lens A lens that causes the apparent chromaticity of Standard Illuminant D65, when viewed through the lens, to fall outside of the boundary for daylight (4.10.2.1 pa

47、rt 4, and Figure 1). 3.4.5.2 Very dark lens A lens whose nominal luminous transmittance is between 3% and 8%. 3.4.6 Uniform tint lens A lens whose luminous transmittance does not vary significantly over the area of the lens. 3.5 Noncorrective impact-resistant lenses Glass lenses, plastic lenses, or

48、laminated glass lenses made impact resistant by any method. However, all such lenses shall be capable of withstanding the impact test described in 5.1. 3.6 Production batch An identifiable group of lenses of essentially the same curvature, thickness, and material, manufactured under essentially the

49、same conditions and during a substantially continuous production period. 3.7 Refractive properties 3.7.1 Astigmatic power A measure of the maximum refractive power difference between any two meridians within a lens. 3.7.2 Prismatic power Expressed in prism diopters (), the apparent displacement, in centimeters, of an object located 1 meter from the lens in the meridian of maximum displacement. 3.7.3 Refractive power Expressed in diopters (D), the reciprocal of the back focal length of a lens measured in meters. 3.8 Transmittance properties Computational data for tran