ARMY A-A-52574 A-2003 THEODOLITES SURVEYING DIRECTION SECOND ORDER《测量方向的经纬仪 第二阶》.pdf

1、 Beneficial comments, recommendations, additions, deletions, clarifications etc., and any other data which may improve this document should be sent to: ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, U.S. ARMY TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER, ATTN CEERD-TS, 7701 TELEGRAPH ROAD, ALEXANDR

2、IA, VA 22315-3864. AMSC N/A FSC 6675 Distribution Statement A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. A-A-52574A October 31, 2003 SUPERSEDING A-A-52574 May 15, 1998 COMMERCIAL ITEM DESCRIPTION THEODOLITES, SURVEYING, DIRECTION: SECOND ORDER The General Services Administration has au

3、thorized the use of this Commercial Item Description (CID) for all federal agencies. The original issue of this CID replaced MIL-T-14132. 1. SCOPE. This CID covers two types of illuminated theodolites with accessories, cases, and tripods. 2. CLASSIFICATION. The theodolite will be one of the followin

4、g types, as specified (see 7.3): Type I - Auto-reading digital direction-type Type II - Optical-reading direction-type Class 1 1 second Class II 0.002 mil 3. SALIENT CHARACTERISTICS. 3.1 Description. Theodolites shall be a direction-type, capable of second order accuracy (see 7.7), and capable of di

5、splaying readings in seconds and mils. Each theodolite, including the telescope, horizontal and vertical circles, circle reading system, leveling device, integral illumination system, and tribrach, shall weigh not more than 8.0 kg. Each theodolite shall be furnished with a carrying case, a theodolit

6、e cover, and when specified, a transport case, a battery and lighting accessory case, tools and accessories, and a tripod. METRIC Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-A-A-52574A 2 3.2 Theodolite characteristics. Theodolites shall be an aut

7、o-reading digital or an optical-reading direction-type. 3.2.1 Telescope. The telescope shall be mounted so that pointings may be made to the zenith by use of an elbow eyepiece. The telescope shall have a means for illuminating the reticle and a means for controlling the illumination. The stadia rati

8、o shall be 1/100. The telescope shall display an erect image. The reticle shall have a pattern similar to figure 1. 3.2.1.1 Telescope eyepiece. The telescope eyepiece shall contain a diopter scale plainly marked in plus or minus units and shall have an index mark referencing the setting. 3.2.1.1.1 E

9、lbow eyepiece. Unless otherwise specified (see 7.3), the elbow eyepiece shall enable an operator to observe vertical angles to the zenith and to observe an azimuth mark, with the telescope in either the direct or reverse position. The eyepiece shall give an erect image of the reading scales. 3.2.1.1

10、.2 Solar filter. Unless otherwise specified (see 7.3), a solar filter shall be provided that shall fit both the telescope eyepiece and the elbow eyepiece. 3.2.1.1.3 Auto-collimation eyepiece. When specified (see 7.3), an auto-collimation eyepiece shall be furnished. The eyepiece shall be interchange

11、able with the standard eyepiece. The magnification of the telescope with the auto-collimation eyepiece installed shall be not less than 18 diameters. 3.2.2 Optical plummet. The optical plummet shall produce a clear image throughout the operating range, from tripod height to not less than 30.5 meters

12、. 3.2.3 Circle identification. The images of or readouts from the horizontal and vertical circles shall be identified. 3.2.4 Microscope. For type II, a microscope shall be provided to view the horizontal and vertical circles and breakdown scales, simultaneously. The images of the horizontal and vert

13、ical circles, index lines and breakdown scales shall appear erect and in the same plane. The graduation interval of the micrometer shall be 1 second for class I circles, or 0.002 mil for class II circles. 3.2.5 Microprocessor and control/display panel (for type I only). 3.2.5.1 Microprocessor. The m

14、icroprocessor shall have a nonvolatile memory with sufficient capacity to store all data, constants, operating parameters, and sufficient random access memory to perform required data reductions. 3.2.5.2 Control/display panel. The panel shall contain all function keys, an alpha-numeric display unit,

15、 and a means to record and process data. All keys shall be clearly identified as to function. Receptacles shall be labeled according to function. Warning and indicator lights required for operation of the instrument shall also be located on the panel. The panel shall automatically display observed h

16、orizontal and vertical angles at a precision and repeatability required to satisfy second order accuracies. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-A-A-52574A 3 3.2.6 Levels. The instrument shall be equipped with a leveling capability which a

17、llows horizontal and vertical angle measuring at the precision and repeatability required to satisfy second order accuracies. 3.2.6.1 Vertical circle indexing. For type II, vertical circle indexing shall be controlled by a self-indexing device, unless an altitude level is specified (see 7.3). When t

18、he vertical circle in the direct position reads 90 degrees or 1600 mils, the telescope shall be horizontal. 3.2.6.2 Self-indexing device. The self-indexing device for type II theodolites shall be damped so that oscillation is stopped in not greater than 5 seconds of time. The device shall be accurat

19、e to within 10 seconds of arc or 0.05 mil. 3.2.6.3 Altitude level. On type II theodolites, when an altitude level is specified (see 7.3), the vertical circle shall be ungraduated but shall have a sensitivity 30 seconds, 5 seconds for class I, and 0.15 mil, 0.03 mil for class II, for each 2 mm. 3.2.7

20、 Tribrach. The tribrach shall consist of the leveling screws, base plate, and a device for locking the theodolite assembly. The base plate shall have at its center a 5/8-inch nut of the unified coarse thread series (0.625-11 UNC-2B) for compatibility with existing equipment. 3.2.8 Illumination. Illu

21、mination shall be by natural and artificial means. 3.2.8.1 Natural illumination. The theodolite shall be readable in all daylight conditions. For type II theodolites, natural illumination shall be useable at any orientation. 3.2.8.2 Artificial illumination. No light shall be visible beyond a 30.5 me

22、ter circle with the instrument as center point, under moonless and starless night conditions. All externally visible light produced shall be intensity adjustable. 3.2.8.3 Handlamp. For type II theodolites, when specified (see 7.3), a handlamp shall be provided and shall have connecting cord not less

23、 than 1.5 meters long. 3.2.8.4 Battery and lighting accessory case. For type II theodolites, when specified (see 7.3), a case that shall not be damaged when dropped from carrying height, at any operating temperature specified herein, shall be provided. The case shall provide mounting for batteries t

24、hat shall provide power for the handlamp and theodolite. The case shall provide space for storage of the hand lamp, connector cords, and any spares. The case shall have a provision for mounting on the tripod. 3.2.9 Power System 3.2.9.1 Power. Theodolites shall operate from an internal or external ba

25、ttery and shall contain built-in protection against reverse polarity from the power source, including a battery compartment that precludes improper battery insertion. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-A-A-52574A 4 3.2.9.2 System power.

26、System power, through multiple battery packs, shall be provided to support not less than 500 angle measurements and provide no less than eight hours of measuring time at 20 C. 3.2.9.3 Auxiliary power. When specified (see 7.3), type I theodolites shall also operate from external 12-volt DC batteries,

27、 providing the same operating capability as with the internal power source. An external power cable shall be provided with the system that shall not be less than 6 meters in length and shall terminate in automotive type battery clamps which are identified by a + and -. 3.2.9.4 Battery charger. Syste

28、m batteries shall be rechargeable using a 110/220 volt, 50/60 Hz charger that shall be supplied with the system. The battery charger shall be capable of concurrently charging at least two battery packs or a built-in battery charger shall be furnished with each battery pack. The battery shall not be

29、damaged nor lose capacity when charged continuously from the charger. 3.2.10 Cases and covers. 3.2.10.1 Theodolite cover. A lightweight, flexible, waterproof cover shall be furnished to protect the theodolite from rain and dust. The cover shall withstand the environmental conditions specified herein

30、 without damage. 3.2.10.2 Carrying case. A carrying case to protect the theodolite from damage shall be provided. The case shall contain a desiccant adequate to the size of the container and provide for storage of ancillary items. The theodolite shall be fastened within the case to prevent it fallin

31、g out when the case is opened. The weight of the carrying case with ancillary items shall not exceed 5.9 kg. 3.2.10.3 Transport case. When specified (see 7.3), a reusable transport case that will house and protect the theodolite in its carrying case, during transport, shipment, and storage shall be

32、provided. The case shall be of rigid, sturdy construction, and shall weigh not more than 6.8 kg. The case shall have removable inserts contoured to fit snugly around the carrying case. The case shall have carrying handle(s) and lock(s) or clamp(s). All hardware shall be corrosion resistant or treate

33、d to resist corrosion. 3.2.10.4 Backpack. When specified (see 7.3), a backpack shall be provided for transporting the theodolite in its carrying case. Shoulder straps shall be cushioned or padded. The backpack shall be fitted with pockets for carrying accessories. A cover shall fit snugly over the t

34、op of the backpack to prevent penetration of rain. The color of the backpack shall be army green. 3.2.11 Winterization kit. Unless otherwise specified (see 7.3), a winterization kit shall be furnished for operation in temperatures below -20C. The winterization kit at a minimum shall include covers f

35、or all control knobs, as required, and leveling screws, as well as shields for any telescope, microscope, and optical plummet eyepieces. A winterization kit for type II theodolites shall be capable of warming the instrument to operating temperature from -32C within 25 minutes and from -43C within 45

36、 minutes. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-A-A-52574A 5 3.2.12 Treatment and painting. Unless otherwise specified, (see 7.3), the color shall be lustreless army green. Untreated, exposed, exterior surfaces of the theodolite, cases, and

37、 accessories shall be treated and painted the same as those items the manufacturer offers for sale commercially. 3.2.13 Tripod. When specified (see 7.3), a collapsible type telescoping leg tripod conforming to A-A-52298 shall be furnished with each theodolite. 3.2.14 Tools and accessories. When spec

38、ified (see 7.3), the following items shall be furnished with each theodolite: Item Quantity Lens brush 1 Chamois skin (20 x 20 cm) 1 Container of lubricant 1 Recommended tools 1 set Lens tissue 1 pkg Orangewood sticks (commercial grade) 1 pkg Manual, theodolite instruction, with protective cover, (c

39、ontractors standard) 1 The contractor may add items to this list as required for field maintenance and adjustments. All tools and accessories shall be contained in a case. 3.3 Environmental requirements. 3.3.1 Operating temperature range. The instruments shall determine azimuths required for second

40、order accuracy within an ambient temperature range of -40C to 52C. 3.3.2 Storage temperature range. The instrument shall not be damaged by storage at temperatures as low as -46C for 6 hours and as high as 68C for 4 hours, after stabilization (see 7.5.3), and without solar radiation. 3.3.3 Solar radi

41、ation. The instruments shall operate as specified herein and shall not be damaged by the full impact of solar radiation of 355 British Thermal Units (BTU) per square foot per hour (BTU/ft2/hr) at an air temperature of 52C for 4 hours. 3.3.4 Humidity. The instruments shall operate as specified herein

42、 and shall not be damaged when subjected to relative humidity of at least 95 percent at air temperatures from -32C to 43C. The instrument shall be exposed for not less than 24 hours after temperature stabilization. 3.3.5 Fungus and moisture resistance. Electrical circuitry and components that are su

43、sceptible to fungus and moisture damage shall be hermetically sealed or otherwise coated for protection. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-A-A-52574A 6 3.3.5 Rainfall. 3.3.5.1 Assembled instrument. When assembled and in the normal opera

44、ting position, the instrument shall not be damaged or show any signs of moisture penetration after exposure to wind driven rainfall of 8 2 cm per hour, from any direction, and at any angle from vertical to 45 degrees from vertical, for a period of not less than 5 minutes. 3.3.5.2 Cases. The carrying

45、 case and transport case shall each meet the rainfall requirements of 3.3.5.1 for a period of not less than one hour. 3.3.6 Blowing dust. The instruments shall endure a blowing dust environment in the storage mode with the following criteria: a. The air velocities shall be 1.5 to 8.9 m/s. b. The dus

46、t composition shall be consistent with red china clay or silicon flour. c. The dust concentration shall be maintained at 10.6 7 g/m3. d. The instrument shall be oriented so that all surfaces shall face the blowing dust for 90 minutes per surface. e. The air temperature shall be 23C for 6 hours , and

47、 50C for 6 hours. 3.3.7 Blowing sand. The instruments shall endure a blowing sand environment in the storage mode with the following criteria: a. The air velocities used shall be 18 to 29 m/s. b. The suggested sand composition (at least 95% silicate oxide by weight) is as follows: 1.00% shall be ret

48、ained by a 20 mesh screen. 2.00% shall be retained by a 30 mesh screen. 15.00% shall be retained by a 40 mesh screen. 37.00% shall be retained by a 50 mesh screen. 30.00% shall be retained by a 70 mesh screen. 15.00% shall be retained by a 100 mesh screen. c. The sand concentration for natural condi

49、tions shall be 2.2 0.50 g/m3. d. The instruments shall be oriented so that all surfaces shall face the blowing sand for 90 minutes per surface. e. The air temperature shall be conducted at 50C. 3.3.8 Vibration. The instrument shall be constructed so that parts do not become loose, permanent settings do not shift, and no degradation in performance is caused when stored in transport cases and subjected to 45 minutes of vibration in each of the three axes. The test