ARMY P-D-245 F-1990 DETERGENT GENERAL PURPOSE LAUNDRY AND HAND DISHWASHING (GRANULAR)《(粒状)干洗和洗涤的一般用途的洗涤剂》.pdf

1、P-D-245F 77 7777774 005bbL5 3 P-D-245F July 11, 1990 SUPERSEDING P-D-245E November 24, 1981 FEDERAL SPECIFICATION DETERGENT, GENERAL PURPOSE, LAUNDRY AND HAND DISHWASHING (GRANULAR) This specification is approved by the Commissioner, Federal Supply Service, General Services Administration, for the u

2、se of all Federal agencies, 1. SCOPE AND CLASSIFICATION 1.1 Scope. This specification covers built synthetic detergents suitable for laundering cotton, synthetic, and woolen fabrics, and for hand dishwashing and general cleaning purposes (see 6.1). 1.2 Classification. The detergents shall be of the

3、following types, as specified (see U.2). Type I - Controlled sudsing and low phosphate Type II - Controlled sudsing and nonphosphate Type III - High sudsing and low phosphate 2, APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 Government documents. Unless otherwise specified, the following documents of the issue in effect

4、on date of invitation for bids or request for proposal form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be used in improving this document should be addressed to: U.S. Army Natick Research,

5、Development, and Engineering Center, Natick, MA 01760-5014 by using the Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this document or by letter. AMSC N/A FSC 7930 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Licensed by Inf

6、ormation Handling ServicesP-D-245F e Federal Specifications: L-P-378 - Plastic Sheet and Strip, Thin Gauge, Polyolef in PPP-R-566 - Boxes, Folding, Paperboard PPP-B-636 - Boxes, Shipping, Fiberboard PPP-D-723 - Drums, Fiber Federal Standards: FED-STD-123 - Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) FED-S

7、TD-536 Soap and Soap-Products (Including Synthetic- Detergents); Sampling and Testing (Activities outside the Federal Government may obtain copies of Federal specifications, standards, and commercial item descriptions as outlined under General Information in the Index of Federal Specifications, Stan

8、dards and Commercial Item Descriptions. The Index, which includes cumulative bimonthly supplements as issued, is for sale on a subscription basis by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. ) (Single copies -of this specification, and other Federal spec

9、ifications and commercial item descriptions required by activities outside the Federal Government for bidding purposes are available without charge from General Services Administration Business Service Centers in Boston, MA; New York, NY; Philodelphia, PA; Washington, DC; Atlanta, GA; Chicago, IL; K

10、ansas City, MO; Fort Worth, TX; Houston, TX; Denver, CO; San Francisco, CA; Los Angeles, CA; and Seattle, WA.) (Federal Government activities may obtain copies of Federal Standardization documents, standards, and commercial item descriptions, and the Index of Federal Specifications, from established

11、 distribution points in their agencies.) Military Specification: MIL-Ll35078 - Load, Unit : Preparation of Semiper ishable Subs tance Items; Clothing, Personal Equipment and Equipage Military Standards: MIL-STD-105 - Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes MIL-STD-129 - Marking f

12、or Shipment and Storage MIL-STD-147 - Palletized Unit Loads MIL-STD-731 - Quality of Wood Members For Containers and Pallets (Copies of Military specifications and standards required by contractors in connection with specific procurement functions should be obtained from the procuring activity or as

13、 directed by the contracting activity.) 2 Licensed by Information Handling ServicesP-D-245F 77 7747774 005bbL7 7 Federal Regulations: 16 CFR PART 1500 - Federal Hazardous Substances Act Regulations 29 CFR PART 1910 - Occupational Safety and Health Standards (The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and

14、 the Federal Register (FR) are for sale on a subscription basis by the Superintendent of Documents, U,S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-0001. When indicated, reprints of certain regulations may be obtained from the Federal agency responsible for issuance thereof.) 2.2 Other publ.ic

15、ations, The following documents form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein, Unless a specific issue is identified, the issue in effect on date of invitation for bids or request for proposal shall apply. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D 460 - Sampling and Chem

16、ical Analysis of Soaps and Soap Products D 501 - Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents D 502 - Particle Size of Soaps and Other Detergents D 515 - Phosphorus in Water D 3951 - Standard Practice for Commercial Packaging I (Applications for copies should be addressed to the American So

17、ciety for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Phiadelphia, PA 19103-1187.) (Technical society and technical association specifications and standards are generally available for reference from libraries, They are also distributed among technical groups and using Federal agencies.) 2.3 Order of p

18、recedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of this specification and the references cited herein, the text of this specification shall take precedence. Nothing in this specification, however, shall supersede applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 3

19、. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Material. 3.1.1 Type I. Typ I 1-aundry d tergent shall contain a contr lled sudsing, synthetic organic surfactant, (low) poiyphosphates, silicates, and an antiredeposition agent. It may contain carbonates, foam controlling agents, mild perfume and tinting agents. 3 Licensed by Inf

20、ormation Handling ServicesP-D-245F 77 m 7777774 005bbL 7 , P-D-245F 3.1.2 Type II. Type II laundry detergent shall contain a controlled sudsing, synthetic organic surfactant, an antiredeposition agent, and builders other than phosphates. It may contain carbonates, and additional material for absorbi

21、ng liquid nonionics such as urea, foam controlling agents, mild perfume and tinting agents. It shall not contain phosph,ates (see 4.2.1.1). . 3.J.3 Type III. Type III laundry and general cleaning detergent shall contain a high sudsing, synthetic organic surfactant, (low) polyphosphates, silicates, a

22、nd an antiredeposition agent. It may contain carbonate, foam stabilizer, tarnish inhibitors, tinting agents and mild perfume. 3.2 - Form. The detergents shall be uniform in appearance in granular or pressed tablet form. Any caking or lumping of the granular form which occurs during normal storage sh

23、all Se capable of being broken up by hand. 3.3 W. The detergents shall not have a kerosene-like, rancid, fishy, or acrid odor, and shall not impart such odors to fabrics washed in solutions of the detergent. 3.4 Composition, chemical and physical requirements. The detergents.shal1 conform to the req

24、uirements shown in table I when tested as specified in 4.2.4. 4 Licensed by Information Handling ServicesP-D-2Ll5F 77 W 9977974 0056639 O 00 O 4 *III *VI 44 5 O O *I I VI ON N O00 O00 VI .).I. I O N *I I440 m-4 cio N rlril ril i O0 I * eo 00- U C al 0 bl O 1 I$ i O . 4 ai a u CE alo al vcv LiaLi alv

25、al ar, ar alc -a -a v) mo o -O LI NuiNal Polyphosphates = total phosphates- or tho-pho s pha te s . 4.3.6 Silicates (as Si02). Determination shall be in accordance with the Silica Present in Alkaline Silicates method of ASTM D 460. 4.3.7 Carbonate (as Na2GO3). Determination shall be in accordance wi

26、th the Carbonate as Sodium Carbonate (Na2C03) procedure in ASTM D 501. 4.3.8 pH determination. 4.3.8.1 Apparatus. A pH meter having a sensitivity and readability of 0.05 pH units shall be used, The meter equipped with a glass electrode shall be standardized with a standard buffer solution of pH 10.0

27、. 4.3.8.2 Procedure, Prepare a 0.1-percent solution of the detergent in freshly boiled distilled of deionized water which has been cooled to room temperature (25 2 1%). Measure the pH of the detergent solution at room temperature and report the hydrogen (ion) concentration of the solution to the nea

28、rest 0.1 pH. Do not correct the results for sodium ion concentration. 15 Licensed by Information Handling Services- P-B- - ,245 P-D-2 4.3.9 Sudsing. Determine the sudsing property of the detergents in accordance with Method 2001 of FED-STD-536, with the following modifications: Dissolve 2.0 4 0.01 g

29、 of detergent in 1 L of distilled or deionized water at 6Q 2 4OC taking care not to generate a foam. Immerse (for 10 minutes) a 250- mL unstoppered graduated cylinder up to the 150-mL graduation mark in a water bath maintained at 38 2 2OC. into the preheated graduated cylinder and allow to remain in

30、 the bath for 10 minutes prior to shaking. Stopper the graduated cylinder and hold the stopper to prevent the stopper from loosening due to internal pressure build- up, and proceed as directed in Method 2001. Carefully pour 50 mL of the detergent solution 4.3.10 Bulk density, Weigh 50.0 2 0.01 g of

31、detergent into a 250-mL graduated cylinder from which the lip has been removed. Stopper the graduate and pass a closely fitting glass or metal sleeve, about 3 inches long, over it. Clamp the.sleeve to a ringstand. Place a large rubber stopper under the cylinder and adjust the sleeve so that the grad

32、uate will be 10 cm above the rubber stopper when the base of the graduate touches the lower edge of the sleeve, then release. Continue raising and dropping the graduate until 20 cycles are complete. Read the volume of the detergent to the nearest milliliter and calculate the bulk density in grams pe

33、r milliliter, 4.3.10.1 Calculation. Calculation of the bulk density: Bulk density, grams per milliliter = 50.0 volume 4.3;il Particle size. Cetermine particle size according with ASTM D 502. 4.3.12 Solubility. To 1.0 g of detergent, add sufficient distilled water to make 100 mL of solution. This sol

34、ution shall be maintained at room temperature (25 2 2OC), and stirred vigorously for 5 minutes. shall be inspected immediately for undissolved material. Presence of undissolved material will constitute a failure. The solution 5. PACKAGING 5.1 Preservation. Preservation shall be 5.1.1 Level A preserv

35、ation. level A or Commercial (see 6;2). 5.1.1.1 Twenty and fortyhine ounce quan itites. Twenty (20) or forty-nine (49) ounces of detergent of one type only s all be unit packed in a paperboard box conforming to variety 2, style 1, type A, class b of PPP-B-566. The box shall be closed in accordance w

36、ith the appendix to PPP-B-566. Alternatively, the box shall be the type normally used by the contractor. 5.1.1.2 Twenty-five, fifty, and two hundredypound quantities. Twenty-five (25) fifty (50), and two hundred (200) pounds of detergent are considered bulk quantities and do not require unit packing

37、. 16 Licensed by Information Handling ServicesP-D-245F 77 7777774 0056633 3 5.1.2 Commercial preservation. The detergent shall be preserved in accordance with ASTM D 3951. 5.2 Packing. Packing shall be level A or Commercial as specified (see 6.2). 5.2.1 Level A packing. 5.2.1.1 Twenty ounce and fort

38、y-nine ounce quantities. Twenty-four 20-ounce unit packs or twelve 49-ounce unit packs of detergent of one type only, preserved as specified in 5.1, shall be packed in a shipping container conforming to style RSC, grade V2s of P?P-B-636. The box shall be closed, water-proofed and reinforced in accor

39、dance with the appendix to PPP-B-636, except that the inspection shall be in accordance with 4.2.5. Boxes shall be arranged in unit loads in accordance with MIL-L-35078 for the type and class of load specified (see 6.2). Strapping shall be limited to nonmetallic strapping, except for type II, ciass

40、F loads, 5.2.1.2 Twenty-five, fifty, and two hundred-pound quantities. Unless otherwise specified (see 6.2), twenty-f ive (25) I fifty (50), and two hundred (200) pound quantities shall be packed in a drum conforming to type 1.11, grade A, class 1 of PPP-D-723. The drum shall be fitted with a polyet

41、hylene bag liner not less than 0.002 inch thick conforming to type L, class 1, grade A, finish 1 of L-P-378, and shall be slightly larger than the inside of the drum. A suitable heat seal method shall be used for the seams and closure. The seams and closure shall comply with the heat seal strength o

42、f L-P-378. Alternatively, the polyethylene film bag liner shall be secured and closed to prevent sifting of the product. 5.2.2 Commercial packing. Detergent preserved as specified in 5.1, shall be packed in accordance with ASTM D 3951. 5.3 Palletization. When specified (see 6.2), detergent of one ty

43、pe only, packed as specified in 5.2, shall be palletized in accordance with load type Ia, XIIa, XIIb or XII1 (as applicable) of MIL-STD-147. Pallet types shall be type I (4-way entry), type IV or type V in accordance with MIL-STD-147. Pallets shall be fabricated from wood groups I, II, III or IV of

44、MIL-STD-731. Each prepared load shall be bonded with straps in accordance with bonding means C and D or film bonding means F or G (as applicable), pallet patterns shall be in accordance with the appendix of MIL-STD-147. The load type I 5.4 Marking. 5.4.1 Civil agencies. Unit packs and shipping conta

45、iners shall be marked in accordance with 3.5, 5.4.3 and FED-STD-123 or ASTM D 3951, as applicable. 17 Licensed by Information Handling ServicesP-D-245F 77 m 7777774 005bb32 3 P-D-245F 5.4.2 Military requirements. Unit packs, shipping containers, and palletized unitloads shall be marked in accordance

46、 with 3.5, 5.4.3, and MIL-STD-129 or ASTM D 3951, as applicable. 5.4.3 Additional marking. In addition to the labeling specified in 3.5, the shipping container shall be marked with the following legend: NOT FOR USE IN MECHANICAL DISHWASHERS Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase orde

47、r, the interior package and shipping container shall be labeled in accordance with 16 CFR PART 1500. 6. NOTES 6.1 Intended use. Types I and II detergents are intended for use in institutional type laundry washwheels and household type automatic fabric washing machines where controlled sudsing deterg

48、ents are required. Type I laundry detergent containing alkaline salts and hard water sequestering agent is intended for laundering cottons, synthetic and cotton . and synthetic blends in soft and hard water. Type II laundry detergent, neutral or mildly alkaline, is intended for laundering woolens an

49、d colored durable press fabrics in soft and hard water. Type III detergent, a high sudsing detergent, is intended for the manual washing of dishes and clothing and for use in some top loading fabric washing machines, and for gener,al cleaning purposes. 6.2 Acquisition requirements, Acquisition documents must specify the f o 1 lowing : 6. a. b. d. e. f, f. C. Title, number, and date of this specification. Type of detergent required (see 1.2). Labeling required (see 3.5). Preservation and packing required (see 5.1 and 5.2). Quantity of detergent desired per shipping container (see 5.1