ARP 062-7-2008 Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 7 Generators《乡村电气化的小型更新能源和混合系统推荐标准 第7部分 发电机》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22161-4 ARP 062-7:2008 Edition 1 IEC/TS 62257-7:2008 Edition 1SABS STANDARDS DIVISION Recommended practice Recommendations for small renew

4、able energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 7: Generators This recommended practice is the identical implementation of IEC/TS 62257-7:2008 and is adopted with the permission of the International Electrotechnical Commission. WARNING Can only be used in conjunction with the ARP 062 s

5、eries. This document is not a South African National Standard Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemai

6、ling clients of the SABS. ARP 062-7:2008 Edition 1 IEC/TS 62257-7:2008 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This recommended practice is a technical agreement developed in accordance with SANS 1-1, and agreed to by SABS TC 69, Power electronics and alternative energy co

7、nversion. This document was published in December 2008. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. IEC/TS 62257-7 Edition 1.0 2008-04 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONRecommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrifi

8、cation Part 7: Generators INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION M ICS 27.160; 27.180 PRICE CODE ISBN 2-8318-9671-1 ARP 062-7:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 2 TS 62257-7 IEC:2008(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.3 INTRODUCTION.5 1

9、Scope.6 2 Normative References 6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 General 8 5 Generator boundaries.8 6 Generators requirements9 6.1 General requirements9 6.2 Specific requirements for the different technologies.9 6.2.1 Input requirements 9 6.2.2 Output requirements11 6.2.3 Specific requirements for diff

10、erent generator technologies.11 7 Generator design and sizing.12 8 Hybrid generation.12 Bibliography13 Figure 1 General electrical configuration of a collective electrification system8 Table 1 General inputs and outputs to be considered for generator specification .9 Table 2 Input requirements relat

11、ive to the generator technology 9 Table 3 Output requirements relative to the generator technology11 Table 4 Specific generators requirements considered in the IEC 62257 series.12 ARP 062-7:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.TS

12、 62257-7 IEC:2008(E) 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SMALL RENEWABLE ENERGY AND HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION Part 7: Generators FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all

13、 national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Tec

14、hnical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory wo

15、rk. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.

16、2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recomme

17、ndations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any

18、end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publi

19、cation shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.

20、7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for c

21、osts (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct appl

22、ication of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare Intern

23、ational Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical specification when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts, or the subject is still under technical development

24、 or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard. Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. IEC 62257-7, which

25、is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy systems. This document is based on IEC/PAS 62111; it cancels and replaces the relevant parts of IEC/PAS 62111. ARP 062-7:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription an

26、d freemailing clients of the SABS. 4 TS 62257-7 IEC:2008(E) This technical specification is to be used in conjunction with the future parts of this series as and when they are published. The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 82/4

27、92/DTS 82/507/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts of IEC 62257 series, under the

28、 general title: Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:

29、/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be transformed into an International standard; reconfirmed; withdrawn; replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. ARP 062-7:200

30、8This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.TS 62257-7 IEC:2008(E) 5 INTRODUCTION The IEC 62257 series of documents intends to provide to different players involved in rural electrification projects (such as project implementers, project c

31、ontractors, project supervisors, installers, etc.) documents for the setting-up of renewable energy and hybrid systems with a.c. voltage below 500 V, d.c. voltage below 750 V and power below 100 kVA. These documents are recommendations to choose the right system for the right place; to design the sy

32、stem; to operate and maintain the system. These documents are focused only on rural electrification, concentrating on but not specific to, developing countries. They must not be considered as all-inclusive to rural electrification. The documents try to promote the use of renewable energies in rural

33、electrification; they do not deal with clean development mechanisms at this time (CO 2emission, carbon credit, etc.). Further developments in this field could be introduced in future steps. This consistent set of documents is best considered as a whole with different parts corresponding to items for

34、 safety, sustainability of systems and at the lowest life-cycle cost as possible. One of the main objectives is to provide the minimum sufficient requirements, relevant to the field of application, that is, small renewable energy and hybrid off-grid systems. The purpose of this part of IEC 62257 is

35、to provide project implementers with general information about generators and to highlight the main characteristics relative to the different technologies that can be used. ARP 062-7:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 6 TS 622

36、57-7 IEC:2008(E) RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SMALL RENEWABLE ENERGY AND HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION Part 7: Generators 1 Scope The purpose of this part of IEC 62257 is to specify the general requirements for generators (maximum power = 100 kVA) in decentralized rural electrification systems. Th

37、e aim is to point out the main items that must be considered when selecting, sizing, installing, operating and maintaining this equipment. This technical specification is a general introduction followed by more specific documents dedicated to the generation technologies which are the most currently

38、used in rural electrification projects. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendme

39、nts) applies. IEC/TS 62257-2:2004, Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 2: From requirements to a range of electrification systems IEC/TS 62257-4, Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 4: S

40、ystem selection and design IEC/TS 62257-5, Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 5: Protection against electric hazards IEC/TS 62257-7-1, Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 7-1: Generator

41、s Photovoltaic arrays IEC/TS 62257-7-3, Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 7-3: Generating set Selection of generating sets for rural electrification systems IEC/TS 62257-9-1 1 , Recommendations for small renewable energy and hybrid systems f

42、or rural electrification Part 9-1: Micropower systems 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. _ 1To be published. ARP 062-7:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.TS 622

43、57-7 IEC:2008(E) 7 3.1 generator apparatus that converts one form of energy into electricity IEC 61836, 3.3.25, modified 3.2 dispatchable power system power system where delivered electricity is available as scheduled (ex: a fossil-fuelled engine-powered generator is dispatchable. A renewable energy

44、 generator is usually a non dispatchable power system) IEC 61836, 3.3.64, modified 3.3 non-dispatchable power system non-dispatchable system is resource dependent; power might not be available at a specified time 3.4 collective electrification system small electric generating system and minigrid tha

45、t supplies electricity to multiple consumption points from a single or multiple energy sources IEC 61836, 3.3.10 3.5 individual electrification system small electric generating system that supplies electricity to one consumption point, such as a household, usually from a single energy source IEC 618

46、36, 3.3.32 3.6 interface boundary between two systems or the equipment facilitating the interconnection of two systems 3.7 genset colloquial term meaning “engine-generator set” consisting of a fossil-fuelled engine coupled to an electric generator IEC 61836, 3.3.26 3.8 microgrid grid that operates a

47、t less than 100 kVA of capacity and is electrified by a micropower system 3.9 micropower system generating system that produces less than 100 kVA through the use of a single source or a multi-source system 3.10 user installation electrical installation located in the users house, powering the users

48、appliances and connected to the interface with the microgrid ARP 062-7:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 8 TS 62257-7 IEC:2008(E) 4 General In an electrification system, a generator is a part of the energy production subsyste

49、m. Different architectures of energy production subsystems are provided in IEC/TS 62257-2 along with some recommendations for selecting the relevant energy production subsystems matching both sources and demand requirements. (IEC/TS 62257-2, Annex D). An energy production subsystem may include one or several generators of the same technology or of different technologies (hybrid production). Recommendations to configure hybrid power systems are provided in IEC/T