1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21140-0 ARP 60479-5:2008 Edition 1 IEC TR 60479-5:2007 Edition 1STANDARDS SOUTH AFRICA Recommended practice Effects of current on human be
4、ings and livestock Part 5: Touch voltage threshold values for physiological effects This recommended practice is the identical implementation of IEC TR 60479-5:2007 and is adopted with the permission of the International Electrotechnical Commission. This document does not have the status of a South
5、African National Standard. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and fr
6、eemailing clients of the SABS.ARP 60479-5:2008 Edition 1 IEC TR 60479-5:2007 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This recommended practice is a technical agreement developed in accordance with SANS 1-1, and agreed to by StanSA TC 68, Security systems. This SANS documen
7、t was published in March 2008. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. IEC/TR 60479-5 Edition 1.0 2007-11 TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE Effects of current on human beings and livestock Part 5: Touch voltage threshold values for ph
8、ysiological effects Effets du courant sur lhomme et les animaux domestiques Partie 5: Valeurs des seuils de tension de contact pour les effets physiologiquesINTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE XA ICS 13.200; 29.020 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 2-8318-934
9、6-1 ARP 60479-5:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 2 TR 60479-5 IEC:2007 CONTENTS FOREWORD.5 INTRODUCTION.7 1 Scope.8 2 Normative references .8 3 Terms and definitions .9 4 Conditions and threshold values.9 4.1 General .9 4.2
10、Physiological effects of touch current 10 4.3 Body impedance14 4.4 Impedance external to the body.15 4.5 Other factors affecting voltage thresholds .15 4.6 Touch voltage thresholds as a function of duration 16 4.7 Touch voltage thresholds for long durations 17 5 Touch voltage thresholds Presentation
11、 of voltage-time curves.19 Annex A (informative) Body impedance30 Annex B (informative) Touch voltage Explanation of a method to derive estimates of touch voltages thresholds for strong muscular reactions and ventricular fibrillation from the body impedance tables and current limits in IEC/TS 60479-
12、136 Annex C (informative) Determination of voltage thresholds under selected conditions53 Annex D (informative) Limits of applicability.54 Bibliography56 Figure 1 Physiological thresholds for a.c. (50/60-Hz) and d.c. flowing hand-to-hand (transversely) through the human body.11 Figure 2 Physiologica
13、l thresholds for a.c. (50/60-Hz) and d.c. flowing from both hands to both feet (longitudinally) through the human body 12 Figure 3 Physiological thresholds for a.c. (50/60-Hz) and d.c. flowing from hand-to seat (longitudinal) through the human body 13 Figure 4 Flow chart to be used for the selection
14、 of the appropriate figure providing the maximum duration for each touch voltage threshold17 Figure 5 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of a.c. current (50/60 Hz) on a person for saltwater-wet condition and large contact area.20 Figure 6 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of a.c. cu
15、rrent (50/60 Hz) on a person for saltwater-wet condition and medium contact area 21 Figure 7 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of a.c. current (50/60 Hz) on a person for saltwater-wet condition and small contact area 21 Figure 8 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of a.c. current (50
16、/60 Hz) on a person for water-wet condition and large contact area 22 Figure 9 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of a.c. current (50/60 Hz) on a person for water-wet condition and medium contact area22 Figure 10 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of a.c. current (50/60 Hz) on a pers
17、on for water-wet condition and small contact area23 ARP 60479-5:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.TR 60479-5 IEC:2007 3 Figure 11 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of a.c. current (50/60 Hz) on a person for dry condit
18、ion and large contact area 23 Figure 12 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of a.c. current (50/60 Hz) on a person for dry condition and medium contact area 24 Figure 13 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of a.c. current (50/60 Hz) on a person for dry condition and small contact area
19、24 Figure 14 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of d.c. current on a person for saltwater-wet condition and large contact area .25 Figure 15 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of d.c. current on a person for saltwater-wet condition and medium contact area .25 Figure 16 Conventional t
20、ime/voltage zones of effects of d.c. current on a person for saltwater-wet condition and small contact area .26 Figure 17 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of d.c. current on a person for water-wet condition and large contact area .26 Figure 18 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of
21、d.c. current on a person for water-wet condition and medium contact area.27 Figure 19 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of d.c. current on a person for water-wet condition and small contact area.27 Figure 20 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of d.c. current on a person for dry cond
22、ition and large contact area .28 Figure 21 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of d.c. current on a person for dry condition and medium contact area.28 Figure 22 Conventional time/voltage zones of effects of d.c. current on a person for dry condition and small contact area.29 Figure A.1 Model
23、 for hand-to-hand contact 33 Figure A.2 Model for both-hands-to-feet contact 34 Figure A.3 Model for hand-to-seat contact .35 Figure B.1 Estimation of the variation of the skin resistance as a function of electric shock duration 38 Figure B.2 Example of extrapolation of the hand-to-hand body impedan
24、ce at 0 V in dry conditions with large contact area.42 Figure B.3 Percentage of internal resistance of the human body for the part of the body concerned 43 Figure B.4 Example of diagram for the estimation of the strong muscular reactions and ventricular fibrillation threshold for a.c. current hand-t
25、o-hand current path, large contact area and dry condition for a current duration of 10 ms 47 Table 1 Current threshold values for each condition and for long duration14 Table 2 Tables providing minimum touch voltage threshold for a.c. and d.c. corresponding to startle reaction, strong muscular react
26、ion and ventricular fibrillation (see Table 1 notes).18 Table 2a Startle reaction for alternating current 50/60 Hz 18 Table 2b Strong muscular reaction for alternating current 50/60 Hz .18 Table 2c Ventricular fibrillation for alternating current 50/60 Hz .18 Table 2d Startle reaction for direct cur
27、rent .19 Table 2e Strong muscular reaction for direct current19 Table 2f Ventricular fibrillation for direct current.19 Table A.1 Total body impedance in ohms for dry, hand-to-hand, 50/60 Hz a.c., large surface area contact (IEC/TS 60479-1 Table 1) 31 ARP 60479-5:2008This standard may only be used a
28、nd printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 4 TR 60479-5 IEC:2007 Table A.2 Total body impedance in ohms for dry, hand-to-hand, d.c., large surface area contact (IEC/TS 60479-1 Table 10).31 Table B.1 Nature and number of the parameters influencing the human body impedanc
29、e which are taken into consideration by IEC/TS 60479-137 Table B.2 Additional parameters influencing the human body impedance.37 Table B.3 Maximum a.c. current threshold corresponding to current flow duration for each current effect considered and for a hand-to-hand current path46 Table B.4 Maximum
30、a.c. current threshold corresponding to current flow duration for each current effect considered for both-hands-to-feet current path47 Table B.5 Maximum a.c. current threshold corresponding to current flow duration for each current effect considered for a hand-to-seat current path48 Table B.6 Maximu
31、m d.c. current threshold corresponding to current flow duration for each current effect considered for the hand-to-hand current path51 Table B.7 Maximum d.c. current threshold corresponding to current flow duration for each current effect considered for the both-hands-to-feet current path52 Table B.
32、8 Maximum d.c. current threshold corresponding to current flow duration for each current effect considered for the hand-to-seat current path.52 Table C.1 Example of touch voltage thresholds for a.c. and d.c. corresponding to muscular effects and ventricular fibrillation for the above specified envir
33、onmental situations 53 ARP 60479-5:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.TR 60479-5 IEC:2007 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ EFFECTS OF CURRENT ON HUMAN BEINGS AND LIVESTOCK Part 5: Touch voltage threshold values for
34、 physiological effects FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning
35、 standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their pre
36、paration is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closel
37、y with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant
38、 subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the tech
39、nical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum ext
40、ent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for a
41、ny equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committee
42、s and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
43、8) Attention is drawn to the normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent ri
44、ghts. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from
45、 that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC/TR 60479-5, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 64: Electrical installations and protection against electric shock. The text of this technical report is based on
46、the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 64/1585/DTS 64/1611/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. ARP 60479-5:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscript
47、ion and freemailing clients of the SABS. 6 TR 60479-5 IEC:2007 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all the parts in the IEC 60479 series, under the general title Effects of current on human beings and livestock, can be found on the IEC websi
48、te. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, repla
49、ced by a revised edition, or amended. ARP 60479-5:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.TR 60479-5 IEC:2007 7 INTRODUCTION This technical report provides a methodology for estimating voltage thresholds which are intended to give guidance to IEC technical committees on the selection and application of voltage limits with regard to protection against electric sh
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