ASHRAE 55 ADD C-2017 Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy.pdf

1、ANSI/ASHRAE Addendum c toANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2013Thermal EnvironmentalConditions forHuman OccupancyApproved by ASHRAE on April 3, 2017; and by the American National Standards Institute on May 1, 2017.This addendum was approved by a Standing Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for which the Standar

2、ds Committee has estab-lished a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revisions, including procedures for timely, documented, con-sensus action on requests for change to any part of the standard. The change submittal form, instructions, and deadlines may beobtained in electronic f

3、orm from the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or in paper form from the Senior Manager of Standards. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or from ASHRAE Cus-tomer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.

4、org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprint permission, go towww.ashrae.org/permissions. 2017 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Condit

5、ioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute.SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Consensus is definedby the American National Standards Institute (ANS

6、I), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority,but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and

7、 objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, as

8、sociated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be t

9、echnically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the

10、Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information and acceptedindustry practices. Ho

11、wever, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systemstested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standards or Guidelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.

12、ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this e

13、quipment, and by providing other informationthat may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformanceto them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertisi

14、ng, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standing Standard Project Committee 55Cognizant TC: 2.1, Physiology and Human EnvironmentSPLS Liaison: John F. DunlapAbhijeet Pande*, Chair Michael A. Humphreys Zaccary A. Poots*Josh Eddy*, Secre

15、tary Daniel Int-Hout, III Julian Rimmer*Peter F. Alspach* Kristof Irwin Lawrence J. Schoen*Edward A. Arens* Essam E. Khalil* Peter SimmondsRobert Bean* Thomas Lesser* Aaron R. SmithRichard de Dear Baizhan Li Michael Tillou*Philip Farese* Rodrigo Mora* Stephen C. Turner*Thomas B. Hartman* Francis J.

16、Offermann* John G. Williams*David Heinzerling* Gwelen Paliaga* Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20162017Rita M. Harrold, Chair Michael W. Gallagher Cyrus H. NasseriSteven J. Emmerich, Vice-Chair Walter T. Grondzik David RobinJa

17、mes D. Aswegan Vinod P. Gupta Peter SimmondsNiels Bidstrup Susanna S. Hanson Dennis A. StankeDonald M. Brundage Roger L. Hedrick Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Drury B. Crawley Rick M. Heiden Jack H. ZarourJohn F. Dunlap, Srinivas Katipamula William F. Walter, BOD ExOJames W. Earley, Jr. Cesar L. Lim Patr

18、icia Graef, COKeith I. Emerson Arsen K. MelikovJulie M. Ferguson R. Lee Millies, Jr.Stephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manager of Standards ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRA

19、Es prior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Addendum c to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2013 1(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merely informative and does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a s

20、tandard and may contain material that has not been subject to public review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material are not offered the right to appeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDThis addendum simplifies Normative Appendix A, “Methods for Determining Operative Temperatu

21、re,” to be a single proce-dure for calculating operative temperature. Case 1 is removed because it is overly permissive, and Case 3 is removed because it is redundant with Case 2.Note: In this addendum, changes to the current standard are indicated in the text by underlining (for additions) and stri

22、kethrough (for deletions) unless the instructions specifi-cally mention some other means of indicating the changes.Addendum c to Standard 55-2013Revise Normative Appendix A as follows.(This is a normative appendix and is part of this stan-dard.)NORMATIVE APPENDIX AMETHODS FOR DETERMININGOPERATIVE TE

23、MPERATUREDetermine operative temperature (to) in accordance with one of using the following casesmethod or Chapter 9 of ASHRAE HandbookFundamentals.3Note: Average air speed and average air temperaturehave precise definitions in this standard. See Section 3 for all defined terms.Case 1: Average air t

24、emperature (ta) is permitted to be used in place of operative temperature (to) when these three conditions are met:a. There is no radiant and/or radiant panel heating or radiant panel cooling system.b. The area weighted average U-factor of the outside win-dow/wall satisfies the following inequality:

25、UW50td ,itd ,e- (SI)UW15.8td ,itd ,e- (IP)whereUw= average U-factor of window/wall, W/m2K (Btu/h ft2 F)td,i= internal design temperature, C (F)td,e= external design temperature, C (F)c. Window solar heat gain coefficients (SHGC) are less than 0.48.Case 2: Calculation of the operative temperature (to

26、) is based on average air temperature (ta) and mean-radiant tem-perature.Operative temperature (to) is permitted to be calculated per the following formula: toAta1 Atr+=whereto= operative temperatureta= average air temperaturetr= mean radiant temperature (For detailed calculation procedures see the

27、“Thermal Comfort” chapter of most current edition of ASHRAE HandbookFundamentals3.)A can be selected from the following values as a function of the relativeaverage air speed vr(Va).vrVa0.2 m/s(40 fpm)0.2 to 0.6 m/s(40 to 120 fpm)0.6 to 1.0 m/s(120 to 200 fpm)A 0.5 0.6 0.7Case 3: For representative o

28、ccupants with metabolic rates between 1.0 and 1.3 met, not in direct sunlight, when the average air speed (Va) is 0.2 m/s (40 fpm) and where the dif-ference between mean radiant temperature (tr) and average air temperature (ta) is 4C (7F), the operative temperature (to) is permitted to be calculated

29、 as the mean of the average air temperature and mean radiant temperature. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For per

30、sonal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.POLICY STATEMENT DEFINING ASHRAES CONCERNFOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF ITS ACTIVITIESASHRAE is concerned with the impact of its members a

31、ctivities on both the indoor and outdoor environment.ASHRAEs members will strive to minimize any possible deleterious effect on the indoor and outdoor environment ofthe systems and components in their responsibility while maximizing the beneficial effects these systems provide,consistent with accept

32、ed Standards and the practical state of the art.ASHRAEs short-range goal is to ensure that the systems and components within its scope do not impact theindoor and outdoor environment to a greater extent than specified by the Standards and Guidelines as established byitself and other responsible bodi

33、es.As an ongoing goal, ASHRAE will, through its Standards Committee and extensive Technical Committee structure,continue to generate up-to-date Standards and Guidelines where appropriate and adopt, recommend, and promotethose new and revised Standards developed by other responsible organizations.Thr

34、ough its Handbook, appropriate chapters will contain up-to-date Standards and design considerations as thematerial is systematically revised.ASHRAE will take the lead with respect to dissemination of environmental information of its primary interest andwill seek out and disseminate information from

35、other responsible organizations that is pertinent, as guides to updatingStandards and Guidelines.The effects of the design and selection of equipment and systems will be considered within the scope of thesystems intended use and expected misuse. The disposal of hazardous materials, if any, will also

36、 be considered.ASHRAEs primary concern for environmental impact will be at the site where equipment within ASHRAEs scopeoperates. However, energy source selection and the possible environmental impact due to the energy source andenergy transportation will be considered where possible. Recommendation

37、s concerning energy source selectionshould be made by its members. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ASHRAE 1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA

38、 30329 www.ashrae.org About ASHRAEASHRAE, founded in 1894, is a global society advancing human well-being through sustainable technology for thebuilt environment. The Society and its members focus on building systems, energy efficiency, indoor air quality,refrigeration, and sustainability. Through r

39、esearch, Standards writing, publishing, certification and continuingeducation, ASHRAE shapes tomorrows built environment today. For more information or to become a member of ASHRAE, visit www.ashrae.org.To stay current with this and other ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines, visit www.ashrae.org/standar

40、ds.Visit the ASHRAE BookstoreASHRAE offers its Standards and Guidelines in print, as immediately downloadable PDFs, on CD-ROM, and viaASHRAE Digital Collections, which provides online access with automatic updates as well as historical versions ofpublications. Selected Standards and Guidelines are a

41、lso offered in redline versions that indicate the changes madebetween the active Standard or Guideline and its previous version. For more information, visit the Standards andGuidelines section of the ASHRAE Bookstore at www.ashrae.org/bookstore.IMPORTANT NOTICES ABOUT THIS STANDARDTo ensure that you

42、 have all of the approved addenda, errata, and interpretations for thisStandard, visit www.ashrae.org/standards to download them free of charge.Addenda, errata, and interpretations for ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are no longerdistributed with copies of the Standards and Guidelines. ASHRAE provides these addenda,errata, and interpretations only in electronic form to promote more sustainable use ofresources.5/17