ASA S12 67-2008 American National Standard Pre-Installation Airborne Sound Measurements and Acceptance Criteria of Shipboard Equipment《舰艇设备的预安装空气传声测量和验收标准》.pdf

1、 ANSI/ASA S12.67-2008 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Pre-Installation Airborne Sound Measurements and Acceptance Criteria of Shipboard Equipment Accredited Standards Committee S12, Noise Standards Secretariat Acoustical Society of America 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114 E Melville, NY 11747-3177ANSI/ASA S12

2、.67-2008 Reaffirmed by ANSI November 26, 2013 The American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the national coordinator of voluntary standards development and the clearinghouse in the U.S.A. for information on national and international standards. The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is

3、an organization of scientists and engineers formed in 1929 to increase and diffuse the knowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applications. ANSI/ASA S12.67-2008 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Pre-Installation Airborne Sound Measurements and Acceptance Criteria of Shipboard Equipment Secreta

4、riat: Acoustical Society of America Approved November 20, 2008 by: American National Standards Institute, Inc. Abstract This standard describes instrumentation and procedures for the pre-installation measurement and analysis of airborne noise generated by shipboard equipment. Maximum noise level cri

5、teria are presented for several types of equipment. This standard may be used in the achievement of shipboard noise goals through the timely and affordable airborne noise testing of shipboard equipment before it is delivered and installed. This standard is based on MIL-STD-740-1 “Airborne Sound Meas

6、urements and Acceptance Criteria of Shipboard Equipment” and MIL-STD-1474D (Requirement 5, Shipboard Equipment Noise).AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON ACOUSTICS The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for Accredited Standards Committees S1 on Acoustics, S2 on Mechanical Vibrat

7、ion and Shock, S3 on Bioacoustics, S3/SC 1 on Animal Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These committees have wide representation from the technical community (manufacturers, consumers, trade associations, organizations with a general interest, and government representatives). The standards are publish

8、ed by the Acoustical Society of America as American National Standards after approval by their respective Standards Committees and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). These standards are developed and published as a public service to provide standards useful to the public, industry, an

9、d consumers, and to Federal, State, and local governments. Each of the Accredited Standards Committees (operating in accordance with procedures approved by ANSI) is responsible for developing, voting upon, and maintaining or revising its own Standards. The ASA Standards Secretariat administers Commi

10、ttee organization and activity and provides liaison between the Accredited Standards Committees and ANSI. After the Standards have been produced and adopted by the Accredited Standards Committees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASA Standards Secretariat arranges for their p

11、ublication and distribution. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affec

12、ted interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of an American National Standard is completely voluntary. T

13、heir existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the Standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standards. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at

14、any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard. Acoustical Society of America ASA Secretariat 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114E Melville, New York 11747-3177 Telephone: 1 (631) 390-0215 Fax: 1

15、(631) 390-0217 E-mail: asastdsaip.org 2008 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard may not be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for sale, promotion, or any commercial purpose, or any purpose not falling within the provisions of the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, without prior written p

16、ermission of the publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat of the Acoustical Society of America. 2008 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved iContents 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Measurement procedure 2 4.1 Measurement

17、s 2 4.2 Measurement point locations 4 4.3 Mounting of equipment . 7 4.4 External influences 8 4.5 Equipment operating conditions and background noise. 8 4.6 Calibration of instrumentation . 11 5 Application guidance 11 6 Reporting 12 6.1 Types of reports 12 6.2 General report. 12 6.3 Detailed report

18、. 13 6.4 Drawings and sketches.14 6.5 Test data . 15 Annex A (normative) Airborne sound acceptance criteria. 16 A.1 Introduction . 16 A.2 Recommended acceptance criteria and associated threshold levels. 16 Figures Figure 1 Sound measurement locations for small equipment, in addition to location of o

19、perators head 5 Figure 2 Sound measurement locations for valves 5 Figure 3 Sound measurement locations for medium size equipment, in addition to location of operators head 6 Figure 4 Sound measurement locations for large equipment. 7 Figure 5 Standard test fixture 9 Tables Table A.1 Threshold A-weig

20、hted and C-weighted sound levels in dB re 20 Pa. 17 Table A.2 Acceptable octave-band sound pressure levels in dB re 20 Pa. 19 2008 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved ii Foreword This Foreword is for information only and is not a part of the American National Standard ANSI/ASA S12.67-2

21、008 American National Standard Pre-Installation Airborne Sound Measurements and Acceptance Criteria of Shipboard Equipment. This standard comprises a part of a group of definitions, standards, and specifications for use in noise. It was developed and approved by Accredited Standards Committee S12, N

22、oise, under its approved operating procedures. Those procedures have been accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The Scope of Accredited Standards Committee S12 is as follows: Standards, specifications, and terminology in the field of acoustical noise pertaining to methods o

23、f measurement, evaluation, and control; including biological safety, tolerance, and comfort, and physical acoustics as related to environmental and occupational noise. This standard is not comparable to any existing ISO Standard. At the time this standard was submitted to Accredited Standards Commit

24、tee S12, Noise, for approval, the membership was as follows: R.D. Hellweg, Chair W.J. Murphy, Vice Chair S.B. Blaeser, Secretary Acoustical Society of AmericaB.M. Brooks D. Lubman (Alt.) Aearo Company.E.H. Berger Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute . S. Lind . D. Brown (Alt.) Alcoa Inc. . W

25、.D. Gallagher American Academy of Otolaryngology R.A. Dobie L.A. Michael (Alt.) American Industrial Hygiene Association. D. Driscoll .S.N. Hacker (Alt.) American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers. R.J. Peppin American Speech-Hearing-Language Association .L.A. Wilber .

26、V. Gladstone (Alt.) Bruel FAX: 631-390-0217; E-mail: asastdsaip.org. 2008 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved vIntroduction The installation of machinery and operating equipment onboard ship often leads to a degradation in the acoustic environment in occupied spaces. Measurements taken

27、 according to standardized procedures and compared with acceptance criteria will provide requisite information to the shipbuilder for the proper selection and installation of equipment and for adequate acoustic design of shipboard spaces and areas. This standard may be used in ship acquisition progr

28、ams for the following purposes: To separate individual equipment noise from other compartment sources To avoid expensive and time-consuming rework of noisy equipment To provide early confirmation of the ships acoustical design To assist in compartment noise predictions The measurement procedures del

29、ineated herein primarily measure steady-state sound pressure levels due to equipment and near the equipment. Impact noise measurements are also included. These levels serve well in predicting sound pressure levels from the subject equipment to which crew members are exposed in ship spaces or compart

30、ments which have typical acoustic characteristics. To that end, when using this standard it is the intent that the sound pressure levels measured at each location near the equipment be compared to specified acceptance criteria and that an excess at any frequency or any location be considered a failu

31、re; averaging methods are not utilized. Sound power procedures and criteria, although useful under certain circumstances, are not covered in this standard. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/ASA S12.67-2008 2008 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved 1American National Standard Pre-Installat

32、ion Airborne Sound Measurements and Acceptance Criteria of Shipboard Equipment 1 Scope This standard specifies procedures and instrumentation for the sound pressure measurement of airborne sound generated by shipboard equipment. Exceptions or additions to the requirements of this standard may be gra

33、nted or added by the purchaser of equipment being tested in accordance with this standard. Overall noise in ship compartments is a combination of noise generated from all equipment installed in or near that compartment as well as other possible sources. Noise in ship compartments is not addressed in

34、 this standard. Airborne acceptance criteria for several grades of equipment are presented in Annex A. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. ANSI S1.1-1994 (R 2004) Ameri

35、can National Standard Acoustical Terminology ANSI S1.4-1983 (R 2006) American National Standard Specification for Sound Level Meters ANSI S1.11-2004 American National Standard Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digital Filters ANSI S1.40-2006 American National Standa

36、rd Specifications and Verification Procedures for Sound Calibrators 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in ANSI S1.1-1994 (R 2004) and the following apply: 3.1 equipment. Refers to any machine system, subsystem, or part thereof, which is being m

37、easured to determine compliance with the airborne acceptance criteria. 3.2 Mounts and equipment mounting 3.2.1 resilient mount. Device with elastic properties used to reduce transmission of structure-borne noise. Typically a shaped block of rubber or similar elastic material and used at discrete loc

38、ations at the components attachment points for the purpose of supporting the component and providing acoustic isolation between the component and the support foundation or structure, and which approximates a free-free condition. ANSI/ASA S12.67-2008 2008 Acoustical Society of America All rights rese

39、rved 2 3.2.2 distributed isolation material (DIM). Material, such as rubber or similar substance, with elastic properties used to reduce transmission of structure-borne noise. DIM is typically manufactured in sheet form which can be cut into sizes and shapes as required for particular loading and ap

40、plications, and used for the purpose of supporting the component and providing acoustic isolation between the component and the support foundation or structure. DIM is generally stiffer than resilient mounts and provides less acoustic isolation. 3.2.3 resiliently mounted equipment. Equipment which i

41、s isolated from a support structure by resilient mounts. For the purposes of this standard, Distributed Isolation Material (DIM) equipment is considered to be solidly mounted equipment. 3.2.4 solidly mounted equipment. Equipment which is directly attached or DIM mounted to the supporting structure.

42、3.2.5 subbase. Support structure which is required for shipboard installations and which is necessary for purposes such as to hold one or more components in alignment or to provide a means of attachment to the ship. 3.2.6 foundation. Support structure which is used below the resilient mounts and whi

43、ch may or may not resemble the shipboard structure. 3.2.7 mounting fixture. Structure which is used solely for the purpose of resiliently mounting equipment for noise testing, not for shipboard installations, and is used above the resilient mounts. 4 Measurement procedure 4.1 Measurements 4.1.1 Micr

44、ophone mounting and orientation The measurements required by this standard shall be made by using a microphone connected to a sound level meter (ANSI S1.4). No obstruction, including the instrument operator, shall stand between the equipment being measured and the microphone. It is desirable but not

45、 required that the microphone for these measurements be mounted on a rigid frame or stand (e.g., a tripod), and that it be connected to the sound level meter by a cable at least two metres in length. If the microphone has the random incidence calibration specified in ANSI S1.4, the microphone shall

46、be clamped so that the principal sound arrives at the diaphragm at near-grazing incidence. The instructions for the sound level meter which is being used shall be reviewed to assure that the microphone is properly oriented if other than random incidence calibration has been performed. If it is neces

47、sary to have the microphone attached directly to the sound level meter which is held in the hand of an observer, the microphone orientation shall still be the same as appropriate to the microphone on a cable. 4.1.2 Required measurements 4.1.2.1 A-weighted sound pressure level measurements Unless oth

48、erwise specified, A-weighted, slow sound pressure level (LA) measurements shall be obtained for all equipment in accordance with 4.1.3.1 and shall be made at the locations specified in 4.2. These measurements will be used to determine the locations at which the octave-band and peak ANSI/ASA S12.67-2

49、008 2008 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved 3A-weighted sound pressure measurements will be made in accordance with 4.1.3.2 and 4.1.3.3, respectively. 4.1.2.2 C-weighted sound pressure level measurements Unless otherwise specified, C-weighted, slow sound pressure level (LC) measurements shall be obtained for all equipment in accordance with 4.1.3.1 and shall be made at the locations specified in 4.2. These measurements will be used to determine the locations at which the octave-band sound pressure level measurements will