ASA S2 71-1983 American National Standard Guide to the Evaluation of Human Exposure to Vibration in Buildings《美国35Pinelawn Road 114 E Melville NY 机械振动标准声学协会人体照射到房屋震动可接受标准S2评估指南》.pdf

1、ANSI/ASA S2.71-1983(Formerly ANSI S3.29-1983) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDGuide to the Evaluation of Human Exposure to Vibration in Buildings Accredited Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and ShockStandards Secretariat Acoustical Society of America 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114 E Melville, NY

2、11747-3177 ANSI/ASA S2.71-1983 (Formerly ANSI S3.29-1983) Reaffirmed by ANSI May 19, 2006 Reaffirmed by ANSI on August 6, 2012 The American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the national coordinator of voluntary standards development and the clearinghouse in the U.S.A. for information on

3、national and international standards. The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is an organization of scientists and engineers formed in 1929 to increase and diffuse the knowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applications. ANSI/ASA S2.71-1983 (Formerly ANSI S3.29-1983) AMERICAN NATIONAL S

4、TANDARD Guide to the Evaluation of Human Exposure to Vibration in Buildings Secretariat Acoustical Society of America Approved by American National Standards Institute, Inc. 4 April 1983 ABSTRACT Reactions of humans to vibrations of 1 to 80 Hz inside buildings are assessed in this Standard by use of

5、 degrees of perception and associated vibration levels and durations. Accelerations or velocities inside buildings may be measured to assess perceptibility and possible adverse reactions from those inside. A variety of building types and situations are covered by the use of multiplying factors appli

6、ed to the basic curves. Responses are related to the event durations, frequencies of vibration, and body orientation with respect to the vibration. Adherence to the vibration magnitudes corresponding to the perceptibility threshold will insure minimum discomfort and annoyance. The “acceptability“ of

7、 a given magnitude of vibration above the perception threshold will be influenced by the interference of the vibrations in the activities of individuals and by the various social, economic, and legal relationships between the source of the vibrations and the receivers. Other related factors are the

8、degree of startle, fear of injury or structural damage, and attitudes about the source including its inevitability, duration, and necessity. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON ACOUSTICS The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for Accredited Standards Committees S1 on Acoustics,

9、S2 on Mechanical Vibration and Shock, S3 on Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These committees have wide representation from the technical community (manufacturers, consumers, trade associations, general interest, and government representatives). The standards are published by the Acoustical Society o

10、f America as American National Standards after approval by their respective Standards Committees and the American National Standards Institute. These standards are developed and published as a public service to provide standards useful to the public, industry, and consumers, and to Federal, State, a

11、nd local governments. Each of the accredited Standards Committees operating in accordance with procedures approved by American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is responsible for developing, voting upon, and maintaining or revising its own Standards. The ASA Standards Secretariat administers Comm

12、ittee organization and activity and provides Liaison between the Accredited Standards Committees and ANSI. After the Standards have been produced and adopted by the Accredited Standards Committees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASA Standards Secretariat arranges for their

13、publication and distribution. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affe

14、cted interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of an American National Standard is completely voluntary.

15、Their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the Standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standards. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at

16、 any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard. Acoustical Society of America ASA Secretariat 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114E Melville, New York 11747-3177 Telephone: 1 (631) 390-0215 Fax: 1

17、 (631) 390-0217 E-mail: asastdsaip.org 1983 and 2006 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard may not be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for sale, promotion, or any commercial purpose, or any purpose not falling within the provisions of the Copyright Act of 1976, without prior writ

18、ten permission of the publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat of the Acoustical Society of America. 1983 and 2006 by Acoustical Society of America. i Contents Introduction 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 References . 1 3 Characteristics of building vibration .

19、2 3.1 Direction of vibration . 2 3.2 Random and multifrequency vibration 2 3.3 Characterization of continuous, intermittent and impulsive vibration with respect to human response 2 3.4 Classification of buildings and building areas . 3 3.5 Measurement and processing of vibration 4 3.6 Measuring equi

20、pment 4 3.7 Location of measurement . 5 4 Vibration evaluation guide 5 4.1 Recommendations for suggested satisfactory vibration magnitude with respect to human response 5 4.2 Response base curve for foot-to-head (z-axis) vibration 6 4.3 Response base curve for back-to-chest or side-to-side (x-axis o

21、r y-axis) vibration . 6 4.4 Combined-response base curve for undefined axis of human vibration . 7 Annex A Multiplying factors for determining vibration response magnitudes for humans in buildings 9 A.1 Use of multiplying factors 9 A.2 Site multiplying factors 9 A.3 Frequency of occurrence multiplyi

22、ng factor 9 A.4 Event duration multiplying factor . 10 Tables Table 1 Acceleration/frequency and velocity/frequency base-response curve values at the one-third octave points for the three biodynamic vibration axes. 7 Table .1 Weighting factors for satisfactory magnitudes of building vibration with r

23、espect to human response. 10 Figures Figure 1 Directions of coordinate systems for mechanical vibrations influencing humans. . 3 Figure 2 Building vibration z-axis-response curve. This represents the foot (or buttock)-to head vibration and is described in Sec. 4.2 and Table 1. . 6 Figure 3 Building

24、vibration x-, y-axis base-response curve. This represents the back-to-chest or side-to-side vibration and is described in Sec. 4.3 and Table 1. 6 Figure 4 Building vibration combined axis base-response curve. This represents a combination of the worst case for all three axes as explained in Sec. 4.4

25、. 8 Figure 5 Frequency response of low-pass filter, attenuation dB = 10 log1 + (f/5.6)2. 8 Bibliography ii 1983 and 2006 by Acoustical Society of America. Foreword This Foreword is not a part of ANSI S2.71-1983 (R 2006) American National Standard Guide to the Evaluation of Human Exposure to Vibratio

26、n in Buildings (formerly ANSI S3.29-1983). This American National Standard Guide to the Evaluation of Human Exposure to Vibration in Buildings was developed under the American National Standard Committee method of procedure under the secretariat of the Acoustical Society of America. This American Na

27、tional Standard was developed and approved in 1983 by the Accredited Standards Committee on Bioacoustics S3, which had the following scope at that time: Standards, specifications, methods of measurement and test, and terminology in the fields of psychological and physiological acoustics, including a

28、spects of general acoustics, shock and vibration which pertain to biological safety, tolerance, and comfort. In 2004, work related to human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock was transferred to Accredited Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and Shock. Five approved S3 standards were

29、 transferred to S2 at that time and will be redesignated and republished as they each come up for reaffirmation in the normal standards cycle. This redesignation of ANSI S3.29-1983 (R2001) is taking place under this process. No substantive changes have been made to the approved 1983 text with the ex

30、ception of correcting errors in Table 1 that were identified in an erratum published in 1998. The current document has also been reformatted to conform to the Sixth Edition of the ASA Committee on Standards Editorial (ASACOS) Rules for Preparation of American National Standards in Acoustics, Mechani

31、cal Vibration and Shock, Bioacoustics, and Noise (2003), including substitution of the term Annex for the term Appendix throughout. At the time this standard was submitted to Standards Committee S3 for approval, the membership was as follows: W. A. Yost, Chairman J. Goldstein, Vice-Chairman A. Breni

32、g, Secretary Acoustical Society of America W. A. Yost, J. Goldstein American Academy of Opthalmology and Otolaryngology R. F. Naunton, L. A. Michael (Alt) American Association of Physicists in Medicine P. L. Carson, J. Zagzebski (Alt) Academy of Dispensing Audiologists D. P. Goldstein Air-Conditioni

33、ng and Refrigeration Institute A. C. Potter, R. J. Evans (Alt) Alliance of American Insurers A.L. Cudworth American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists D. C. Gasaway American Mining Congress G. R. Coonan, H. B. Johnson (Alt) American Industrial Hygiene Association C. D. Bohl, T. B. Bonn

34、ey (Alt) American Iron and Steel Institute E. H. Toothman, J. B. Masaitis (Alt) American Otological Society, Incorporated J. Tonndorf American Petroleum Institute W. R. Thornton, W. Ward (Alt) 1983 and 2006 by Acoustical Society of America. iii American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Cond

35、itioning Engineers M. W. Blanck American Society of Mechanical Engineers (Vacant) American Speech and Hearing Association R. M. Cox American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine R. C. Eggleton, F. Kremkau (Alt) Audio Engineering Society, Incorporated R. H. Campbell, M. R. Chial (Alt) Canadian Standar

36、ds Association T. D. Northwood, G. Michael (Alt) (Liaison w/o vote) Committee on Hearing, Bioacoustics and Biomechanics (CHABA) D. McFadden Electric Light and Power Group C. E. Hickman, J. P. Markey (Alt) Electronic Industries Association F. X. Worden, W. W. Lang (Alt) Environmental Protection Agenc

37、y J. Goldstein, J. Shampan (Alt) Food and Drug Administration (liaison w/o vote) Vacant Hearing Aid Industry Conference Incorporated W. C. Fly Home Ventilating Institute J. W. Harper, W. H. Bumpus (Alt) Industrial Medical Association J. Sataloff, . . Schulz (Alt) Industrial Safety Equipment Associat

38、ion F. Lotito, R. Campbell (Alt), F. E. Wilcher, Jr. (2nd Alt) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers H. Silbiger, J. D. Griffiths, (Alt), W. D. OBrien, Jr. (2nd Alt) Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association M. OBrien, T. J. Slavin, (Alt), L. E. Slimak (2nd Alt) National Bureau of Standard

39、s S. L. Yaniv, V. Nedzelnitsky (Alt) National Council of Acoustical Consultants N. R. Dotti, H. J. Saurenman National Electrical Manufacturing Association R. J. Wells, J. B. Moreland (Alt) National Hearing Aid Society W. F. S. Hopmeier, C. A. Murdock (Alt) Naval Biodynamics Laboratory J. C. Guignard

40、, D. J. Thomas (Alt) Society of Automotive Engineers, Incorporated R. K. Hillquist, R. T. Northrup (Alt) Telephone Group S. R. Whitesell Ultrasonics Industry Association J. E. Smallwood U. S. Army Medical Corps R. K. Sedge U. S. Army Human Engineering Laboratories G. R. Price, D. C. Hodge (Alt) U. S

41、. Army Avionics R and D Activity M. S. Mayer, A. W. Lindberg (Alt) U. S. Department of the Air Force H. E. von Gierke, C. Nixon (Alt) U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development G. E. Winzer, R. H. Broun (Alt) U. S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines L. C. Marraccini U. S. Department of L

42、abor-OSHA D. Lee (Liaison w/o vote) U. S. Department of the Navy-Bureau of Medicine and Surgery J. W. Greene U. S. Navy Department Naval Sea Systems Command L. A. Herstein, A. Paladino (Alt) U. S. Department of Transportation J. E. Wesler U. S. Public Health Service D. Wasserman, R. Tubbs (Alt) (Lia

43、ison w/o vote) iv 1983 and 2006 by Acoustical Society of America. Individual members of the S3 Committee were: L. Batchelder W. J. Galloway S. F. Lybarger R. W. Benson R. Guernsey A. H. Marsh R. C. Bilger I. J. Hirsh W. Melnick H. Davis K. D. Kryter H. E. von Gierke . M. Eldred W. W. Lang P. Weissle

44、r R. S. Gales H. Levitt R. W. Young Working Group S3-39(S2) on Vibration Levels, responsible for assisting the committee in drafting this standard, had the following membership: H. E. von Gierke, Chairman R. Bailey J. C. Guignard J. E. Piercy B. Bartholow K. Hedrick V. L. Roberts J. C. Barton A. Hir

45、sch D. E. Siskind R. Chandler R. J. Hornick L. F. Stikeleather G. R. Coonan R. N. Janeway D. Sussman R. A. Crist R. A. Lee . . Ungar G. Frisch J. McElhaney D. Viano D. P. Garg D. Muster C. Y. Warner D. W. Glossbenner E. Noonan D. Wasserman G. E. Winzer Suggestions for improvements in this standard w

46、ill be welcomed. They should be sent to the Standards Secretariat, Acoustical Society of America, 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114E, Melville, NY 11747. 1983 and 2006 by Acoustical Society of America. v Introduction Vibration in buildings can interfere with activities and affect human occupants in many w

47、ays. The quality of life can be reduced as also can working efficiency. This standard provides recommendations on the magnitudes of vibration which are perceptible and regarded as tolerable by building occupants under different circumstances, in the frequency range 1-80 Hz. There are many and comple

48、x factors determining human response to vibration, and a paucity of consistent quantitative data concerning mans perception of vibration and his reaction to it. This standard has been prepared to facilitate the evaluation and comparison of data gained from continuing research in this field, and to g

49、ive provisional recommendations on satisfactory magnitudes with respect to human response to vibration in buildings. The vibration magnitudes proposed in this standard are a compromise between the available data and the need for recommendations which are simple and suitable for general application. These vibration magnitudes are defined explicitly in numerical terms to avoid ambiguity and to encourage precise measurement in pr