ASA S2 72 PART 1 AMD 1-2010 American National Standard Mechanical vibration and shock C Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration C Part 1 General requirements AMENDMENT.pdf

1、 ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 1 Amd. 1-2010 / ISO 2631-1 Amd. 1:2010 (an Amendment to ANSI S2.72-2002/Part 1 / ISO 2631-1:1997) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDMechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements,AMENDMENT 1(a Nationally Adopted Internati

2、onal Standard - AMENDMENT) Accredited Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and ShockStandards Secretariat Acoustical Society of America 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114 E Melville, NY 11747-3177ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 1 Amd. 1-2010 / ISO 2631-1 Amd. 1:2010Reaffirmed by ANSI August 23, 2012 The Americ

3、an National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the national coordinator of voluntary standards development and the clearinghouse in the U.S.A. for information on national and international standards. The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is an organization of scientists and engineers formed in 19

4、29 to increase and diffuse the knowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applications. ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 1 Amd. 1-2010 / ISO 2631-1 Amd. 1:2010 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements, AME

5、NDMENT 1 A Nationally Adopted International Standard - Amendment Secretariat: Acoustical Society of America (ASA) Approved on December 16, 2010 by: American National Standards Institute, Inc. Abstract This amendment to ANSI S2.72-2002/Part 1 / ISO 2631-1:1997 provides numerous updates and correction

6、s throughout the document. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON ACOUSTICS The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for Accredited Standards Committees S1 on Acoustics, S2 on Mechanical Vibration and Shock, S3 on Bioacoustics, S3/SC 1 on Animal Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These

7、committees have wide representation from the technical community (manufacturers, consumers, trade associations, organizations with a general interest, and government representatives). The standards are published by the Acoustical Society of America as American National Standards after approval by th

8、eir respective Standards Committees and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). These standards are developed and published as a public service to provide standards useful to the public, industry, and consumers, and to Federal, State, and local governments. Each of the Accredited Standards

9、 Committees (operating in accordance with procedures approved by ANSI) is responsible for developing, voting upon, and maintaining or revising its own Standards. The ASA Standards Secretariat administers Committee organization and activity and provides liaison between the Accredited Standards Commit

10、tees and ANSI. After the Standards have been produced and adopted by the Accredited Standards Committees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASA Standards Secretariat arranges for their publication and distribution. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those sub

11、stantially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necess

12、arily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of an American National Standard is completely voluntary. Their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the

13、Standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standards. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action b

14、e taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard. Acoustical Society of America ASA Secretariat 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114E Melville, New York 11747-3177 Telephone: 1 (631) 390-0215 Fax: 1 (631) 390-0217 E-mail: asastdsaip.org 2010 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard

15、may not be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for sale, promotion, or any commercial purpose, or any purpose not falling within the provisions of the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, without prior written permission of the publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat

16、of the Acoustical Society of America. 2010 by Acoustical Society of America i Foreword This Foreword is for information only and is not a part of the American National Standard ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 1 Amd. 1-2010 / ISO 2631-1 Amd. 1:2010 American National Standard Mechanical vibration and shock Evalua

17、tion of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements Amendment 1. This standard comprises a part of a group of definitions, standards, and specifications for use in mechanical vibration and shock. It was developed and approved by Accredited Standards Committee S2 Mechanical Vi

18、bration and Shock, under its approved operating procedures. Those procedures have been accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The Scope of Accredited Standards Committee S2 is as follows: Standards, specification, methods of measurement and test, and terminology in the field

19、 of mechanical vibration and shock, and condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines, including the effects of exposure to mechanical vibration and shock on humans, including those aspects which pertain to biological safety, tolerance and comfort. This standard is an amendment to ANSI S2.72-2002

20、/Part 1 / ISO 2631-1:1997 (R2007). This Standard is identical to International Standard ISO 2631-1 Amd. 1:2010, Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements, Amendment 1, which was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechani

21、cal vibration, shock and condition monitoring, Subcommittee SC 4, Human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock. However, in conformance with ANSI and ISO rules, decimal points were substituted in place of the decimal commas used in ISO documents, and American English spelling is used in place of

22、 British English spelling. The ANSI/ASA equivalents for ISO standards referenced herein include the following: ANSI/ASA S2.1/ISO 2041 is the identical national adoption of ISO 2041. ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 4 / ISO 2631-4 is the identical national adoption of ISO 2631-4. At the time this Standard was sub

23、mitted to Accredited Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and Shock for approval, the membership was as follows: A.T. Herfat, Chair C.F. Gaumond, Vice-Chair S.B. Blaeser, Secretary Acoustical Society of America . C.F. Gaumond B.E. Douglas (Alt.) American Industrial Hygiene Association . J.J.

24、 Earshen D. Driscoll (Alt.) Association of American Railroads . J. Moller . N. Cooperrider (Alt.) ii 2010 by Acoustical Society of America Boeing K.D. Sellers . D.A. Followell (Alt.) BP America W.C. Foiles J. McCraw (Alt.) Calnetix L.A. Hawkins . P. McMullen (Alt.) Caterpillar, Inc. . D.G. Roley Com

25、mercial Vehicle Group . L. Mullinix Duke University Department of Biomedical Engineering . C.R. Bass Eckardt Johanning, MD, P.C. . E. Johanning Emerson Electric Copeland Corporation . A.T. Herfat . M. Mezache (Alt.) Endevco Corp. . B. Yang Florida Atlantic University Department of Ocean Engineering

26、P.P.J. Beaujean G.E. Energy R. Bankert Infrared Training Center G.L. Orlove R. Madding (Alt.) John Deere . L. DeVries Mechanical Solutions, Inc. W.D. Marscher . M. Onari (Alt.) MIMOSA K. Bever A. Johnston (Alt.) NASA Ames Research Center K.F. Goebel National Institute for Occupational Safety and Hea

27、lth (NIOSH) R. Dong T.W. McDowell (Alt.) National Institute of Standards FAX: 631-390-0217; E-mail: asastdsaip.org. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 1 Amd. 1-2010 / ISO 2631-1 Amd. 1:2010 2010 by Acoustical Society of America 1 American National Standard Mechanical vibration and shock

28、Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements AMENDMENT 1 Page iv, Foreword Replace the title of Part 2 with: Part 2: Vibration in buildings (1 Hz to 80 Hz) Add the following parts: Part 4: Guidelines for the evaluation of the effects of vibration and rotational m

29、otion on passenger and crew comfort in fixed-guideway transport systems Part 5: Method for evaluation of vibration containing multiple shocks Page v, Foreword Replace last sentence of 2nd paragraph with the following: Additional or alternative measurement procedures are presented for vibration with

30、occasional but substantial peaks and particularly for crest factors greater than 9. ISO 2631-5 provides an alternative assessment method for exposures dominated by multiple shocks in relation to health of the lumbar spine. Page 1, Clause 2 Replace this clause with the following: The following refere

31、nced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring Vocabu

32、lary ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 1 Amd. 1-2010 / ISO 2631-1 Amd. 1:2010 2 2010 by Acoustical Society of America ISO 5805, Mechanical vibration and shock Human exposure Vocabulary ISO 8041, Human response to vibration Measuring instrumentation IEC 61260, Electroacoustics Octave-band and fractional-octave-ban

33、d filters Page 2, 4.1 Add, as the first item in the list, the following: A(8) Daily vibration exposure normalized to a reference period of 8 h Page 3, Figure 1 a) To correct the direction of pitch, replace this figure with the following: Key 1 seat-back rxroll 2 seat-surface rypitch 3 feet rzyaw a)

34、Seated position ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 1 Amd. 1-2010 / ISO 2631-1 Amd. 1:2010 2010 by Acoustical Society of America 3 Page 6, 6.2.1 Number the Note as Note 1 and add after it: NOTE 2 Experience has shown that the crest factor can increase with measurement duration for stationary signals, as the probabi

35、lity of measuring a larger peak is greater. Page 6, 6.3 Add the following sentence to the end of the paragraph: In addition, when the vibration contains multiple shocks and the concern is the health of the lumbar spine, the evaluation method described in ISO 2631-5 may be considered. Page 7, Table 3

36、 In the 5th column, on the row headed “Frequency 10 Hz”, replace “212” by “202”. In footnote 1), replace “IEC 1260” by “IEC 61260”. Delete Note 2. Page 8, Table 4 In footnote 1), replace “IEC 1260” by “IEC 61260”. Delete Note 2. Page 10, 6.3.3 Replace the 1st paragraph by: It has been shown that use

37、 of the additional evaluation methods is important for the judgment of the effects of vibration on human beings when the following approximate ratios are exceeded (depending on which additional method is being used) for evaluating health or comfort: Add the following Note after Equation (8): NOTE Th

38、ese ratios do not indicate the severity of vibration. The ratios are designed to indicate the degree of impulsiveness in the measured vibration signal. Page 10, 6.4.1 Modify the end of the 3rd paragraph to read “ for horizontal recumbent directions.” ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 1 Amd. 1-2010 / ISO 2631-1 Am

39、d. 1:2010 4 2010 by Acoustical Society of America Page 11, Figures 2 and 3 Add at the end of the figure captions “(schematic)”. Page 12, 6.4.1.2 Replace the paragraph by the following: For tolerances, see ISO 8041. Page 12, 6.4.2 At the end of the 1st paragraph, replace “IEC 1260” by “IEC 61260”. In

40、 Equation (9) and its explanation, replace Wiby wi. Page 13, 7.1 Add the following Note after paragraph 1: NOTE Assessment of the effects of vibration on the health of those exposed while standing, reclining or recumbent is usually carried out using the same evaluation method as for seated persons.

41、Delete the existing Note after paragraph 2. Pages 13 and 14, 7.2.2 and 7.2.3 Replace 7.2.2 and 7.2.3 with the following: 7.2.2 The frequency weightings shall be applied for seated persons as follows with the factors k as indicated x-axis: Wd, k 1,4 y-axis: Wd, k 1,4 z-axis: Wk, k 1 NOTE Measurements

42、 in the x-axis on the backrest using frequency weighting Wcwith k 0,8 are encouraged. However, considering the shortage of evidence showing the effect of this motion on health, it is not included in the assessment of the vibration severity given in Annex B. 7.2.3 Assessment of the exposure to vibrat

43、ion can be based on the calculation of daily vibration exposure A(8), expressed as equivalent continuous acceleration over a period of 8 h. ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 1 Amd. 1-2010 / ISO 2631-1 Amd. 1:2010 2010 by Acoustical Society of America 5 The daily vibration exposure, Al(8), in meters per second squ

44、ared, for each direction l is defined as: 2w018ll liiA kaTTwhere awliis the frequency-weighted r.m.s. value of the acceleration, determined over the time period Ti; l x, y, z; kx ky 1,4 for the x- and y-directions; kz 1 for the z-direction; T0is the reference duration of 8 h (28,800 s). If an operat

45、or is exposed to vibration from more than one source, or vibration which varies in magnitude throughout the day, exposures for each separate axis shall be calculated by combining the accelerations from each exposure axis by axis. NOTE For measurement and calculation of the daily vibration exposure,

46、A(8), in a working environment, see, for example, EN 14253. The results are compared to legal limit values as given, for example, in the European Directive 2002/44/EC. 7.2.4 The assessment of the effect of a vibration on health shall be made independently along each axis. The assessment of the vibra

47、tion shall be made with respect to the highest frequency-weighted acceleration determined in any axis on the seat pan. NOTE When vibration in two or more axes is comparable, the vibration total value (root-sum-of-squares) is sometimes used as an additional estimate of health risk. Page 14, 8.2.2.1 I

48、n Note 2 on page 15, replace “A further part to this International Standard (currently in preparation)” by “ISO 2631-4”. Pages 21 to 23, B.3.1 After the 2nd paragraph, insert the following paragraph: The dashed lines are defined as having values of 3 m/s2and 6 m/s2for exposures less than 10 min and

49、values of 0.25 m/s2and 0.5 m/s2at 24 h. In the 3rd paragraph, replace the last sentence by the following: The validity of the results outside the range 4 h to 8 h is uncertain as the two zones diverge. Short durations should be treated with extreme caution. ANSI/ASA S2.72/Part 1 Amd. 1-2010 / ISO 2631-1 Amd. 1:2010 6 2010 by Acoustical Society of America In the 5th paragraph, replace “dotted” by “solid”. Replace Figure B.1 with the following: Key aw(t) weighted acceleration, common logarithmic scale 1 Equation