ASA S2 73-2014 American National Standard Mechanical Vibration and Shock C Hand-arm Vibration C Measurement and Evaluation of the Vibration Transmissibility of Gloves at the Palm ot.pdf

1、 ANSI/ASA S2.73-2014 / ISO 10819:2013 (Revision of ANSI S2.73-2002 / ISO 10819:1996) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Mechanical Vibration and Shock Hand-arm Vibration Measurement and Evaluation of the Vibration Transmissibility of Gloves at the Palm of the Hand (a nationally adopted international standar

2、d) Accredited Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and Shock Standards Secretariat Acoustical Society of America 1305 Walt Whitman Road Melville, NY 11747ANSI/ASA S2.73-2014 /ISO10819:2013 The American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the national coordinator of voluntary standar

3、ds development and the clearinghouse in the U.S.A. for information on national and international standards. The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is an organization of scientists and engineers formed in 1929 to increase and diffuse the knowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applicatio

4、ns. ANSI/ASA S2.73-2014 / ISO 10819:2013 (Revision of ANSI S2.73-2002 / ISO 10819:1996) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Mechanical vibration and shock Hand-arm vibration Measurement and evaluation of the vibration transmissibility of gloves at the palm of the hand (a nationally adopted international stan

5、dard) Secretariat: Acoustical Society of America Approved on April 16, 2014 by: American National Standards Institute, Inc. Abstract This American National Standard specifies a method for the laboratory measurement, data analysis, and reporting of the vibration transmissibility of a glove with a vib

6、ration-reducing material that covers the palm, fingers, and thumb of the hand. ANSI/ASA S2.73-2014 / ISO 10819:2013 specifies vibration transmissibility in terms of vibration transmitted from a handle through a glove to the palm of the hand in one-third-octave frequency bands with center frequencies

7、 of 25 Hz to 1,250 Hz. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON ACOUSTICS The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for Accredited Standards Committees S1 on Acoustics, S2 on Mechanical Vibration and Shock, S3 on Bioacoustics, S3/SC 1 on Animal Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These comm

8、ittees have wide representation from the technical community (manufacturers, consumers, trade associations, organizations with a general interest, and government representatives). The standards are published by the Acoustical Society of America as American National Standards after approval by their

9、respective Standards Committees and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). These standards are developed and published as a public service to provide standards useful to the public, industry, and consumers, and to Federal, State, and local governments. Each of the Accredited Standards Com

10、mittees (operating in accordance with procedures approved by ANSI) is responsible for developing, voting upon, and maintaining or revising its own Standards. The ASA Standards Secretariat administers Committee organization and activity and provides liaison between the Accredited Standards Committees

11、 and ANSI. After the Standards have been produced and adopted by the Accredited Standards Committees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASA Standards Secretariat arranges for their publication and distribution. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substan

12、tially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessaril

13、y unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of an American National Standard is completely voluntary. Their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the Stan

14、dards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standards. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be ta

15、ken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard. Acoustical Society of America ASA Secretariat 1305 Walt Whitman Road, Suite 300 Melville, New York 11747 Telephone: 1 (631) 390-0215 Fax: 1 (631) 923-2875 E-mail: asastdsaip.org 2014 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard may

16、not be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for sale, promotion, or any commercial purpose, or any purpose not falling within the provisions of the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, without prior written permission of the publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat of t

17、he Acoustical Society of America. These materials are subject to copyright claims of ISO, IEC, and ASA. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the Acoustical Society of America (ASA). All requests p

18、ertaining to this standard should be submitted to the ASA. 2014 Acoustical Society of AmericaAll rights reserved i Contents 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions 2 4 Symbols and abbreviations 2 5 Measuring principle and equipment 3 5.1 General principle and setup .3 5.2 Measuri

19、ng equipment .4 5.3 Vibration excitation system .7 6 Measurement conditions and procedure .8 6.1 Measurement conditions .8 6.2 Vibration signal 10 6.3 Test procedure 12 7 Evaluation of results 14 7.1 Calculation of transmissibility . 14 7.2 Bare palm adaptor vibration transmissibility 15 7.3 Uncorre

20、cted glove vibration transmissibility . 16 7.4 Corrected glove vibration transmissibility 17 8 Calculation of statistical values . 18 8.1 General . 18 8.2 One-third-octave vibration transmissibility 18 8.3 Frequency-weighted vibration transmissibility 19 9 Criteria for designating gloves as antivibr

21、ation gloves 20 9.1 General . 20 9.2 Vibration transmissibility of the gloves. 20 9.3 Construction of the gloves . 20 10 Test report 23 Annex A (informative) Examples of handles with force and acceleration measuring systems 25 Bibliography 28 Figures Figure 1 Schematic diagram for measurement of glo

22、ve vibration transmissibility .4 Figure 2 Adaptor for holding the accelerometer in the palm of the hand 5 Figure 3 Grip force to be measured 6 Figure 4 Posture of the test subject during measurements 7 Figure 5 Position of hand with handle and adaptor .9 Figure 6 Palm adaptor alignment on top of han

23、dle . 10 ii 2014 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved. Figure 7 Triaxial accelerometer location in palm adaptor . 10 Figure 8 Handle acceleration power spectral density spectrum . 11 Figure 9 One-third-octave band handle acceleration values . 11 Figure 10 Flow diagram for determining th

24、e mean corrected transmissibility values, standard deviations and coefficients of variation 14 Figure 11 Example of a measurement setup for measuring the glove vibration-reducing material thickness 21 Figure A.1 Example 1 of a handle with grip force measuring system 26 Figure A.2 Example 2 of a hand

25、le with feed and grip force measuring systems . 27 Tables Table 1 Required handle acceleration values . 12 Table 2 Frequency weighting factors Whi for hand-transmitted vibration for conversion of one-third-octave band magnitudes to frequency-weighted magnitudes 15 2014 Acoustical Society of America

26、All rights reserved iii Foreword This Foreword is for information only, and is not a part of the American National Standard ANSI/ASA S2.73-2014 / ISO 10819:2013 American National Standard Acoustics Mechanical vibration and shock Hand-arm vibration Measurement and evaluation of the vibration transmis

27、sibility of gloves at the palm of the hand. This nationally adopted international standard specifies a method for the laboratory measurement, data analysis, and reporting of the vibration transmissibility of a glove with a vibration-reducing material that covers the palm, fingers, and thumb of the h

28、and. It was approved by Accredited Standards Committee S2 Mechanical Vibration and Shock, under its approved operating procedures. Those procedures have been accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The Scope of Accredited Standards Committee S2 is as follows: Standards, speci

29、fication, methods of measurement and test, and terminology in the field of mechanical vibration and shock, and condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines, including the effects of exposure to mechanical vibration and shock on humans, including those aspects which pertain to biological safety,

30、tolerance and comfort. This standard is an identical national adoption of ISO 10819:2013 which was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108/SC 4, Human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock. This standard is a revision of ANSI S2.73-2002 (R 2007) / ISO 10819:1996. This revision incorporates s

31、tronger criteria for antivibration gloves and the addition of a method for measuring the material thickness. In conformance with ANSI and ISO rules, the words “American National Standard“ replace the words “International Standard“ where they appear in the ISO document, decimal points were substitute

32、d in place of the decimal commas used in ISO documents, and American English spelling is used in place of British English spelling. The ANSI/ASA equivalent for ISO 2041 referenced in this standard is: ANSI/ASA S2.1-2009 / ISO 2041:2009 American National Standard Mechanical vibration, shock and condi

33、tion monitoring Vocabulary. At the time this American National Standard was submitted to Accredited Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and Shock for approval, the membership was as follows: A.T. Herfat, Chair C.F. Gaumond, Vice-Chair S.B. Blaeser, Secretary Acoustical Society of America C.

34、F. Gaumond . B.E. Douglas (Alt.) American Industrial Hygiene Association J.J. Earshen . D. Driscoll (Alt.) Ariel Corporation T. Stephens . C. Lingel (Alt.) Association of American Railroads . J. Moller N. Cooperrider (Alt.) Bose Corporation .J. Parison BP America . W.C. Foiles J. McCraw (Alt.) iv 20

35、14 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved. Calnetix . L.A. Hawkins . P. McMullen (Alt.) Caterpillar, Inc. D.G. Roley Commercial Vehicle Group . L. Mullinix Condition Analyzing Corporation M. Williams . J. McNeil (Alt.) Duke University - Dept. of Biomedical Engineering C.R. Bass Eckardt Jo

36、hanning, MD, PC E. Johanning Emerson Electric Copeland Corporation A.T. Herfat Endevco Corp. . B. Yang FLIR Systems . G.L. Orlove Florida Atlantic University Dept. of Ocean Engineering P.P.J. Beaujean G.E. Energy . R. Bankert John Deere L. DeVries Marketing Assessment, Inc. P. Chambers Mechanical So

37、lutions, Inc. W.D. Marscher . M. Onari (Alt.) MIMOSA K. Bever . A. Johnston (Alt.) NASA Ames Research Center. K.F. Goebel National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) R. Dong . T.W. McDowell (Alt.) National Institute of Standards FAX: 631 923-2875; E-mail: asastdsaip.org. ANSI/ASA S

38、2.73-2014 / ISO 10819:2013 vi 2014 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved Introduction Because of the growing demand to reduce health risks associated with exposure to hand-transmitted vibration, gloves with vibration-reducing materials are often used to attenuate vibration transmitted to

39、 the hands. These gloves normally provide little reduction in hand-transmitted vibration at frequencies below 150 Hz. Some gloves can increase the vibration transmitted to the hands at these low frequencies. Gloves with vibration-reducing materials that meet the requirements of this American Nationa

40、l Standard to be classified as an antivibration glove can be expected to reduce hand-transmitted vibration at frequencies above 150 Hz. These gloves can reduce but not eliminate health risks associated with hand-transmitted vibration exposure. Field observations indicate that gloves with vibration-r

41、educing materials can result in positive and negative health effects. Positive health effects can occur with gloves that reduce finger tingling and numbness and that keep the hands warm and dry. Negative health effects can occur with gloves that increase the vibration transmitted to the hands at low

42、 frequencies and that increase hand and arm fatigue because they increase the hand grip effort required to control a vibrating machine. Gloves tested in accordance with the requirements of this American National Standard are evaluated in a controlled laboratory environment. The actual vibration atte

43、nuation of a glove in a work environment can differ from that measured in a controlled laboratory environment. Vibration transmissibility measurements made in accordance with the requirements of this American National Standard are performed only at the palm of the hand. The transmission of vibration

44、 to the fingers is not measured. When evaluating the effectiveness of a glove with a vibration-reducing material used to reduce vibration transmitted to the hand, vibration transmission to the fingers should also be assessed. However, research subsequent to the publication of this American National

45、Standard is needed to develop a measurement procedure that can be used to measure the vibration transmissibility of gloves at the fingers. The measurement procedure specified in this American National Standard only addresses glove properties that can reduce health risks associated with hand-transmit

46、ted vibration in work environments. It does not address glove properties necessary to reduce other hand-related health and safety risks in work environments. The measurement procedure specified in this American National Standard can also be used to measure the vibration transmissibility of a materia

47、l that is being evaluated for use to cover a handle of a machine or for potential use in a glove. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/ASA S2.73-2014 / ISO 10819:2013 2014 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved 1 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Mechanical vibration and shock Hand-arm vibration Meas

48、urement and evaluation of the vibration transmissibility of gloves at the palm of the hand (a nationally adopted international standard) WARNING This American National Standard defines a screening test procedure for measuring the vibration transmission through gloves with an embedded vibration-reduc

49、ing material. Many factors not addressed in this American National Standard can influence the transmission of vibration through these gloves. Therefore, use the vibration transmissibility values obtained in accordance with this American National Standard with caution in the assessment of the vibration-reducing effects of gloves. 1 Scope This American National Standard specifies a method for the laboratory measurement, data analysis, and reporting of the vibration transmissibility of a glove with a vibration-reducin