ASA S3 2-2009 American National Standard Method for Measuring the Intelligibility of Speech over Communication Systems《通信系统音频清晰度的测量方法》.pdf

1、ANSI/ASA S3.2-2009 (Revision of ANSI S3.2-1989)AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDMethod for Measuring the Intelligibility of Speech over Communication Systems Accredited Standards Committee S3, BioacousticsStandards Secretariat Acoustical Society of America 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114 E Melville, NY 11747-3

2、177ANSI/ASA S3.2-2009 Reaffirmed by ANSI June 2, 2014 The American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the national coordinator of voluntary standards development and the clearinghouse in the U.S.A. for information on national and international standards. The Acoustical Society of America (

3、ASA) is an organization of scientists and engineers formed in 1929 to increase and diffuse the knowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applications. ANSI/ASA S3.2-2009 (Revision of ANSI S3.2-1989 (R 1999) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Method for Measuring the Intelligibility of Speech over

4、Communication Systems Secretariat: Acoustical Society of America Approved May 13, 2009 by: American National Standards Institute, Inc. Abstract This standard is a revision of ANSI S3.2-1989 (R 1999) American National Standard Method for Measuring the Intelligibility of Speech over Communication Syst

5、ems. The standard provides three alternative sets of lists of English words to be spoken by trained talkers over the speech communication system to be evaluated. The selection of the particular set of word lists depends upon the purpose and constraints of the test situation. Trained listeners record

6、 the words they hear. The fraction of the words they identify correctly is the measure of the intelligibility of speech over the system. The system may consist of the air and the room or outdoors in face-to-face communications; the equipment and environments used in telephony, public address systems

7、, or ordinary radio; or complex systems of environment, equipment, and air, wire, fiber, radio, and water paths used in some military, space, remote, or emergency communications. The standard specifies test materials that have been thoroughly validated. The standard also specifies methods for select

8、ing and training the talkers and listeners; for designing, controlling, and reporting the test conditions; and for analyzing and reporting the test results. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON ACOUSTICS The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for Accredited Standards Committees S

9、1 on Acoustics, S2 on Mechanical Vibration and Shock, S3 on Bioacoustics, S3/SC 1 on Animal Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These committees have wide representation from the technical community (manufacturers, consumers, trade associations, organizations with a general interest, and government repr

10、esentatives). The standards are published by the Acoustical Society of America as American National Standards after approval by their respective Standards Committees and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). These standards are developed and published as a public service to provide stand

11、ards useful to the public, industry, and consumers, and to Federal, State, and local governments. Each of the Accredited Standards Committees (operating in accordance with procedures approved by ANSI) is responsible for developing, voting upon, and maintaining or revising its own Standards. The ASA

12、Standards Secretariat administers Committee organization and activity and provides liaison between the Accredited Standards Committees and ANSI. After the Standards have been produced and adopted by the Accredited Standards Committees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASA Sta

13、ndards Secretariat arranges for their publication and distribution. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been r

14、eached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of an American Natio

15、nal Standard is completely voluntary. Their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the Standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standards. NOTICE: This American National S

16、tandard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard. Acoustical Society of America ASA Secretariat 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114E Melville, New York 11747-3

17、177 Telephone: 1 (631) 390-0215 Fax: 1 (631) 390-0217 E-mail: asastdsaip.org 2009 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard may not be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for sale, promotion, or any commercial purpose, or any purpose not falling within the provisions of the U.S. Copyrig

18、ht Act of 1976, without prior written permission of the publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat of the Acoustical Society of America. Acoustical Society of America 2009 All rights reserved iContents 1 Scope 1 1.1 Scope and limitations 1 1.2 Purpose. 1 1.3 Applicatio

19、ns. 2 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms and definitions 2 4 General guidance for testing. 3 5 Selection and training of talkers and listeners 4 5.1 Selecting talkers and listeners 4 5.2 Training of talkers 4 5.3 Training of listeners. 4 6 Selection of test materials. 5 6.1 Criteria for test materials

20、. 5 6.2 Phonetically balanced word lists. 6 6.3 Modified rhyme test. 6 6.4 Diagnostic rhyme test 6 7 Conduct of the intelligibility tests. 13 8 Measurements and analysis of results 17 8.1 Reducing extraneous variability 17 8.2 Evaluation of results 17 8.3 Comparing listeners responses with talkers s

21、peech . 18 9 Reporting results. 18 Annex A (informative) Test materials . 20 Bibliography. 22 Tables Table 1 The 1000 Stimulus Words Used in the Phonetically Balanced (PB) Monosyllabic Word Test (Users should present the words in each list in a new random order each time the list is used. Randomizat

22、ion of presentation can only be done within the 50 word lists not between lists and not random selection from the 300 words.) (From Egan, 1948) 7 Table 2 The 300 Stimulus Words Used in the Modified Rhyme Test (MRT) Arranged According to Response Ensembles (Each of the six words in a response ensembl

23、e can serve as the stimulus word for that ensemble. The 50 response ensembles can be randomized to provide different test lists, and various word arrangements within ensembles can be used to prevent possible spatial biases in response.) (From House et al., 1965). 12 Acoustical Society of America 200

24、9 All rights reserved ii Table 3 The 192 stimulus words used in the Diagnostic Rhyme Test (DRT) (From Voiers, 1977) . 13 Figures Figure 1 Simplified block diagram of a speech communication system. 3 Figure 2 Block diagram of a speech communication system showing the location of many of the factors a

25、ffecting the intelligibility of speech 14 Acoustical Society of America 2009 All rights reserved iiiForeword This Foreword is for information only, and is not a part of the American National Standard ANSI/ASA S3.2-2009 American National Standard Method for Measuring the Intelligibility of Speech ove

26、r Communication Systems. This standard comprises a part of a group of definitions, standards, and specifications for use in bioacoustics. It was developed and approved by Accredited Standards Committee S3, Bioacoustics, under its approved operating procedures. Those procedures have been accredited b

27、y the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The Scope of Accredited Standards Committee S3 is as follows: Standards, specifications, methods of measurement and test, and terminology in the fields of psychological and physiological acoustics, including aspects of general acoustics which perta

28、in to biological safety, tolerance and comfort. This standard is a revision of ANSI S3.2-1989, which has been technically revised. The previous version cited the draft of an ANSI standard for the calibration of speech that was never approved or published. A section was added to Clause 7 that provide

29、s guidelines for calibration. The section on calibration discusses documentation of speaking levels, listening levels, and signal-to-noise ratios for field applications and for measurements obtained under laboratory conditions. This standard is not comparable to any existing International Standard O

30、rganization (ISO) Standard. At the time this Standard was submitted to Accredited Standards Committee S3, Bioacoustics, for approval, the membership was as follows: C.A. Champlin, Chair D.A. Preves, Vice-Chair S.B. Blaeser, Secretary Acoustical Society of America C.A. Champlin . M.D. Burkhard (Alt.)

31、 American Academy of Audiology .Y. Szymko-Bennett D. Ostergren (Alt.) American Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inc. .R.A. Dobie .L.A. Michael (Alt.) American Industrial Hygiene Association . T.K. Madison D. Driscoll (Alt.) American Speech-Hearing-Language Association)L.A. Wilber V.

32、 Gladstone (Alt.) Beltone/GN ResoundS. Petrovic Council for Accreditation in Occupational Hearing ConservationL.D. Hager .J.A. Mann (Alt.) ETS Lindgren Acoustic Systems . B. Hill .S. Dunlap (Alt.) Acoustical Society of America 2009 All rights reserved iv Etymotic Research, Inc. M.C. Killion .R. Scic

33、luna (Alt.) Food and Drug Administration .J.K. Kane Frye Electronics, Inc. G.J. Frye K.E. Frye (Alt.) G.R.A.S. Sound FAX: 631-390-0217; E-mail: asastdsaip.org. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/ASA S3.2-2009 Acoustical Society of America 2009 All rights reserved 1American National Standard Method for

34、Measuring the Intelligibility of Speech over Communication Systems 1 Scope 1.1 Scope and limitations The scope of this standard includes the measurement of the intelligibility of speech over entire communication systems and the evaluation of the contributions of elements of speech communication syst

35、ems. The scope also includes evaluation of the factors that affect the intelligibility of speech. In this standard the intelligibility of speech over a speech communication system is measured by comparing the monosyllabic words trained listeners receive and identify with the words trained talkers or

36、 speech coders speak into a communication system that connects the talkers (or speech coders) with the listeners. The standard requires the intelligibility measurements to be made with talkers and listeners who are native speakers of English and who have no speech or hearing defects. Limitations. Th

37、is standard specifies what should be measured and reported to assess a communication system, but it does not specify the test conditions. This limitation prohibits comparisons between evaluations done under different test conditions. This standard is not intended for use in evaluating automatic spee

38、ch recognition devices; the sets of speech materials specified in this standard have not been shown to be appropriate or valid for testing systems that include such devices. This standard is not intended for use in evaluating the intelligibility of text-to-speech systems; the sets of speech material

39、s specified in this standard have not been shown to be appropriate or valid for testing such systems. This standard is not intended for use in evaluating the articulatory abilities of talkers with speech disorders or for use in evaluating the speech discrimination abilities of listeners with hearing

40、 deficiencies. This standard is not intended for use in evaluating listeners abilities to identify talkers or their emotional state. Neither is the standard intended for use in evaluating the overall quality of a speech communication system. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of this standard is to establish u

41、niform methods for measuring the intelligibility of speech over communication systems. The measurement process involves talkers, in their environment, who speak test words into a transmission path to listeners, who receive and identify the speech in their environment. Figure 1 shows a simple block d

42、iagram of such a measurement system. This standard is intended to be particularly useful to the following groups: Preparers of specifications for the performance of speech communication systems, equipment, and facilities; Architects and consulting engineers who design spaces and equipment for speech

43、 communication; ANSI/ASA S3.2-2009 Acoustical Society of America 2009 All rights reserved 2 Developers, designers, and manufacturers who wish to describe the performance of speech communication equipment; and Evaluators of the performance of different talkers, environments, transmission paths (inclu

44、ding communication equipment), listeners, or usage procedures for speech communication systems. Others who may find portions of the standard helpful include users of speech communication systems, people who select and train such users, designers, or selectors of the environments in which the systems

45、 and equipment will be used, and people who wish to adopt or to modify parts of the standard to suit purposes which are outside its scope. 1.3 Applications The standard is intended for use in measuring the intelligibility of English speech in either indoor or outdoor spaces over a communication syst

46、em. Examples of the spaces are offices, vehicles, enclosures, auditoriums, and amphitheaters. In large spaces, where intelligibility is not uniform across the space, multiple measurements or a single measurement in a “typical” location should be made. Examples of the equipment are public address sys

47、tems, telephones, intercommunication systems, radiotelephones, underwater telephones, broadcast systems, and special systems for speech communication. The standard also is intended for use in evaluating the contribution of the individual components of the communication systems, such as microphones,

48、loudspeakers, headsets, and electronic equipmentand the contribution of the methods of using the componentsto the intelligibility of speech over the communication systems. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated refe

49、rences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ANSI S1.13-2005, American National Standard Methods for the Measurement of Sound Pressure Levels in Air ANSI S3.6-2004, American National Standard Specification for Audiometers 3 Terms and definitions 3.1 speech communication system. A combination of environment and, usually, equipment which transmits speech from a talker to a listener. In some cases the talker may be replaced by a device wh