ASD-STAN PREN 4706-2017 Aerospace series LED colour and brightness ranking (Edition P 2).pdf

1、ASD-STAN STANDARD NORME ASD-STAN ASD-STAN NORM ASD-STAN prEN 4706 Edition P 2 April 2017 PUBLISHED BY THE AEROSPACE AND DEFENCE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION OF EUROPE - STANDARDIZATION Rue Montoyer 10 - 1000 Brussels - Tel. 32 2 775 8126 - Fax. 32 2 775 8131 - www.asd-stan.org ICS: 49.060 Supersedes editi

2、on P 1 of March 2015 Descriptors: ENGLISH VERSION Aerospace series LED colour and brightness ranking Luft- und Raumfahrt LED Farb- und Helligkeitsklassifizierung Srie arospatiale Classement de couleur et brillance des LED This “Aerospace Series“ Prestandard has been drawn up under the responsibility

3、 of ASD-STAN (The AeroSpace and Defence Industries Association of Europe - Standardization). It is published for the needs of the European Aerospace Industry. It has been technically approved by the experts of the concerned Domain following member comments. Subsequent to the publication of this Pres

4、tandard, the technical content shall not be changed to an extent that interchangeability is affected, physically or functionally, without re-identification of the standard. After examination and review by users and formal agreement of ASD-STAN, the ASD-STAN prEN will be submitted as a draft European

5、 Standard (prEN) to CEN (European Committee for Standardization) for formal vote and transformation to full European Standard (EN). The CEN national members have then to implement the EN at national level by giving the EN the status of a national standard and by withdrawing any national standards co

6、nflicting with the EN. ASD-STAN Technical Committee approves that: “This document is published by ASD-STAN for the needs of the European Aerospace Industry. The use of this standard is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement

7、 arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” ASD-STAN reviews each standard and technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized or cancelled. ASD-STAN invites you to send your written comments or any suggestions that may arise. All r

8、ights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of ASD-STAN. Order details: E-mail: salesasd-stan.org Web address:

9、 http:/www.asd-stan.org/ Edition approved for publication 1st April 2017 Comments should be sent within six months after the date of publication to ASD-STAN Electrical Domain Copyright 2017 ASD-STAN prEN 4706:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction 3 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Ter

10、ms, definitions and abbreviations . 4 4 Chromaticity classification 7 5 Brightness classification 10 6 Colour rendering classification 11 Annex A (normative) Chromaticity loci s of the standardized chromatics . 12 A.1 Standardized chromaticity S 6500 13 A.2 Standardized chromaticity S 5700 14 A.3 St

11、andardized chromaticity S 5000 15 A.4 Standardized chromaticity S 4500 16 A.5 Standardized chromaticity S 4000 17 A.6 Standardized chromaticity S 3500 18 A.7 Standardized chromaticity S 3000 19 A.8 Standardized chromaticity S 2700 20 Annex B (informative) Standard evolution form 21 Bibliography 22 F

12、oreword This standard was reviewed by the Domain Technical Coordinator of ASD-STANs Electrical Domain. After inquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of ASD-STAN defined in ASD-STANs General Process Manual, this standard has received approval for Publication. prEN 4706:2017 (E) 3

13、 Introduction The chromaticity coordinates and brightness of LEDs of the same type have variations caused by the manufacturing process; this applies to white LEDs and coloured (monochrome) LEDs. Therefore LEDs have to be selected by the manufacturer into “Colour ranks”. Also the brightness of LEDs h

14、as certain variations, therefore the LEDs are also selected into “Brightness ranks”. The step width of these ranking systems depends on the manufacturer and the LED type. For certain applications, e.g. inside an aircraft cabin, a high quality light is demanded, so a manufacturer independent standard

15、ization is desirable. The purpose of this standard is to provide a simple classification system to enable the end user to define lighting colour accuracy. The decimal sign in this document is a comma. 1 Scope This standard defines selection ranks for LED Luminaires, and LEDs including OLEDs for the

16、use in aircraft lighting. The size of these ranks is defined by the use of grades. This standard is valid for photopic light levels only. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For da

17、ted references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60050-845:1987, International electrotechnical vocabulary Chapter 845: Lighting CIE 013.3:1995, Method of measuring and specifying colour rend

18、ering properties of light sources 1) D. L. MacAdam, Specification of small chromaticity differences 2) 1) Published by International Commission on Illumination (CIE), Kegelgasse 27, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. 2) Published in the Journal of the Optical Society of America, vol 32, No. 5, May 1942, pp 247

19、-274, and in vol 1, No. 1, Jan. 1943, pp 18-26. prEN 4706:2017 (E) 4 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations For the purposes of this standard, the following terms, definitions and abbreviations apply. 3.1 Light Emitting Diode LED solid state device embodying a p-n junction, emitting optical radiatio

20、n when excited by an electric current 3.2 Organic Light Emitting Diode OLED organic solid state device embodying a p-n junction, emitting optical radiation when excited by an electric current 3.3 colour space description model to define colours in a two-dimensional (colour without intensity, e.g. xy

21、 space CIE 1931) or three-dimensional space, (colour and intensity, e.g. Yxy CIE 1931) 3.4 LED luminaire device based on LEDs as light source including optics, electronics and cooling equipment enclosed in a housing 3.5 CIE 1931 colour space description of a two-dimensional colour space for light co

22、lours Note 1 to entry: In the CIE 1931 diagram the colour coordinates x and y describe the chromaticity locus in the diagram. For this standard the CIE 1931 2 observer is applicable. Note 2 to entry: CIE 015 provides more information about the CIE 1931 colour space. 3.6 chromaticity coordinate two-d

23、imensional data representation of the colour in the corresponding colour space, e.g. x and y for the CIE 1931 3.7 MacAdam ellipses area in the corresponding colour space (e.g. CIE 1931) in which all colours have the same visual impression to an observer as the colour in the centre of this area Note

24、1 to entry: The borderline of the ellipse represents the just noticeable colour difference. Based on experimental data, originally 25 MacAdam ellipses were defined in the CIE 1931 colour space. In the experiment an observer had a given colour and was able to modify the chromaticity locus of a second

25、 colour. The chromaticity loci, where the observer determined a difference between the two colours were recorded. When all these points were plotted in the CIE 1931 diagram, they created an ellipse around the chromaticity locus of the given colour. The size and the orientation of the ellipses are di

26、fferent for different colours. SOURCE: D. L. MacAdam prEN 4706:2017 (E) 5 3.8 Standard Deviation of Colour Matching SDCM metric of the distance between light colours at photopic light level, that describes approximately the perceptual distance between two chromaticity loci as a multiple of the MacAd

27、am ellipses for these chromaticity loci Note 1 to entry: n SDCM means that the distance between the two chromaticity loci is n-times the radius of the appropriate MacAdam ellipse in that direction. The centre of the ellipse is given by the chromaticity locus of the reference colour. Two chromaticity

28、 loci on opposite points of the MacAdam ellipse have a distance of (2 n) SDCM. The SDCM calculation between two chromaticity loci may be non-linear, dependent on the selected colour space. Therefore distances are limited to less than 10 SDCM. Note 2 to entry: For this document the calculated data fr

29、om the MacAdam ellipses has been used. 3.9 chromaticity coordinate distance R perceived chromaticity coordinate distance between any chromaticity loci and the target chromaticity locus in the corresponding colour space which is expressed in SDCM values Note 1 to entry: The maximum chromaticity coord

30、inate distance between any two chromaticity loci is the full diameter 2 R of the corresponding n-times scaled MacAdam ellipse: R is the function which describes the radius of an n-times scaled MacAdam ellipse: R n SDCM Figure 1 shows the chromaticity coordinate distance in a n SDCM ellipse. prEN 470

31、6:2017 (E) 6 Key 1 Target chromaticity locus 2 Colour 1 3 Colour 2 4 Colour 3 5 Limit R n SDCM Figure 1 Chromaticity coordinate distance in a n SDCM ellipse 3.10 Colour Temperature CT temperature of a Planckian radiator whose radiation has the same chromaticity as that of a given stimulus (unit: K)

32、SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987 3.11 Correlated Colour Temperature CCT temperature of the Planckian radiator whose perceived colour most closely resembles that of a given stimulus at the same brightness and under specified viewing conditions (unit: K) SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987 3.12 Colour Rendering Inde

33、x CRI quantitative measure of the ability of a light source to reproduce the colours of a specified set of eight test colour samples in comparison with an ideal or natural light source as described in CIE 013.3:1995 Note 1 to entry: The average colour rendering index for R1 to R8 is described with R

34、a. 3.13 colour R9 additional red test colour sample complementing CRI value prEN 4706:2017 (E) 7 4 Chromaticity classification 4.1 Chromaticity loci coordinates of white LEDs The notation of a chromaticity consists of the letter “S” (for Solid State Lighting) and the value of the adjacent colour tem

35、perature, e.g. “S 4000”. The chromaticity loci are derived from the intersection between the Judds isotemperature lines (colour temperature line) and the black body curve. The standardized chromaticities for white LEDs have the colour coordinates x and y from CIE 1931, see Table 1. In IEC 60081:2002

36、 and NEMA ANSI C78.377:2015 similar values are defined for x and y, but these standards do not include coordinates for all chromaticities listed in Table 1. A short code is proposed for product labelling. Table 1 Chromaticity loci of white LEDs Standardized chromaticity and short code CCT Kelvin x y

37、 Name S 6500 6 500 0,314 0,324 daylight S 5700 5 700 0,329 0,342 S 5000 5 000 0,345 0,352 neutral white S 4500 4 500 0,361 0,364 S 4000 4 000 0,380 0,377 warm white S 3500 3 500 0,405 0,391 S 3000 3 000 0,437 0,404 S 2700 2 700 0,460 0,411 incandescent 4.2 Colour tolerances of monochromatic LEDs The

38、 chromaticity of monochromatic LEDs in lighting units may be application specific and the chromaticity of multi-colour applications is usually adjustable, so in some applications the exact chromaticity is less important than the chromaticity coordinate distance between different lighting units. In s

39、pecial applications it is necessary that different lighting units always produce a specific colour. The names of these colours and their wavelength intervals are listed in Table 2. The provided tolerances apply for any specific dominant wavelength within the defined intervals. prEN 4706:2017 (E) 8 T

40、able 2 Monochromatic LED tolerance classification Dominant wavelength tolerance nm Colour Wavelength interval nm n 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 6 6 Short code C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 blue 420 to 490 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 12 cyan 490 to 510 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 12 green 510 to 565 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 12 yellow 565 to 590 0,5 1 1

41、,5 2 2,5 3 6 6 amber 590 to 615 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 12 red 615 to 700 1,5 3 4,5 6 7,5 9 18 18 4.3 Chromaticity coordinate distance The chromaticity coordinate distance is stated in R. The chromaticity coordinate distance is divided into grades, which are listed in Table 3. A short code is proposed for pr

42、oduct labelling. Table 3 Colour locus tolerance classification SDCM R 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 6 6 Short code C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 Figure 2 shows some chromaticity coordinate distances for S 4000 as examples. Figure 3 shows the relation between 3 SDCM and F 6. The SDCM value corresponds to the radius of

43、 the ellipse, while the F value corresponds to the diameter of the ellipse. In the Annex A all F ellipses of the white chromaticity loci listed in Table 1 are shown. F 2 R where R is the chromaticity coordinate. prEN 4706:2017 (E) 9 Key 1 S 4000 with F 6 ( 3 SDCM) 2 S 4000 with F 4 ( 2 SDCM) 3 S 400

44、0 with F 2 ( 1 SDCM) Figure 2 Example of some chromaticity coordinate for S 4000 prEN 4706:2017 (E) 10 Key 1 S 4000 with F 6 ( 3 SDCM) 2 Example for F 6 3 Example for 3 SDCM Figure 3 S 4000 with F 6 5 Brightness classification The brightness tolerance is stated in percent of the photometrical light

45、output at maximum brightness settings (e.g. luminous flux or luminous intensity). The brightness tolerance is divided into grades, which are listed in Table 4. A short code for product labelling is proposed. Table 4 Brightness tolerance grades Tolerance % Short code 1 B1 2 B2 5 B3 10 B4 20 B5 50 B6

46、prEN 4706:2017 (E) 11 6 Colour rendering classification The colour rendering is stated as a CRI value and is applicable for white light as described in 4.1. The quality of the colour rendering has six grades, which are listed in Table 5. A short code for product labelling is proposed. For CRI 90 the

47、 R9 colour (red) value shall be reported as well. Table 5 Colour rendering grades CRI R9 Short code 95 60 R1 90 R2 85 R3 80 R4 70 R5 70 R6 prEN 4706:2017 (E) 12 Annex A (normative) Chromaticity loci s of the standardized chromatics The Annex A shows the chromaticity loci of the standardized chromati

48、cs in Figure A.1 to Figure A.8. The parameters of the MacAdam ellipses are according to D. L. MacAdam, Specification of small chromaticity differences. prEN 4706:2017 (E) 13 A.1 Standardized chromaticity S 6500 Key 1 S 6500 with 0,5 SDCM 2 S 6500 with 1,0 SDCM 3 S 6500 with 1,5 SDCM 4 S 6500 with 2,0 SDCM 5 S 6500 with 2,5 SDCM 6 S 6500 with 3,0 SDCM Figure A.1 S 6500 prEN 4706:2017 (E) 14 A.2 Standardized chromaticity S 5700 Key 1 S 5700 with 0,5 SDCM 2 S 5700 with 1,0 SDCM 3 S 5700 with 1,5 SDCM 4 S 5700 with 2,0 SDCM 5 S 5700 with 2,5 SDCM 6 S 5700 with 3,0 SDCM Figure A.2 S 570