ASCE 24-14-2014 Flood Resistant Design and Construction.pdf

1、 American Society of Civil Engineers Flood Resistant Design and Construction This document uses both the International System of Units (SI) and customary units. ASCE STANDARD ASCE/SEI 24-14 Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Flood

2、resistant design and construction. pages cm “ASCE/SEI 24-14.” ISBN 978-0-7844-1379-1 (print : alk. paper)ISBN 978-0-7844-7872-1 (ebook) 1. Structural designStandards. 2. Flood damage preventionUnited States. 3. Building, StormproofUnited States. I. American Society of Civil Engineers. TA658.2.F56 20

3、15 624.1 76dc23 2014035187 Published by American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, Virginia, 20191-4382 www.asce.org/bookstore | ascelibrary.org This standard was developed by a consensus standards development process that has been accredited by the American National Stand

4、ards Institute (ANSI). Accreditation by ANSI, a voluntary accreditation body representing public and private sector standards development organizations in the United States and abroad, signifi es that the standards development process used by ASCE has met the ANSI requirements for openness, balance,

5、 consensus, and due process. While ASCE s process is designed to promote standards that refl ect a fair and reasoned consensus among all interested participants, while preserving the public health, safety, and welfare that is paramount to its mission, it has not made an independent assessment of and

6、 does not warrant the accuracy, completeness, suitability, or utility of any information, appa-ratus, product, or process discussed herein. ASCE does not intend, nor should anyone interpret, ASCE s standards to replace the sound judgment of a competent professional, having knowledge and experience i

7、n the appropriate fi eld(s) of practice, nor to substitute for the standard of care required of such professionals in interpreting and applying the contents of this standard. ASCE has no authority to enforce compliance with its standards and does not undertake to certify products for compliance or t

8、o render any professional services to any person or entity. ASCE disclaims any and all liability for any personal injury, property damage, fi nancial loss, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, including without limitation any direct, indirect, special, exemplary, or consequential damages, resu

9、lting from any person s use of, or reliance on, this standard. Any individual who relies on this standard assumes full responsibility for such use. ASCE and American Society of Civil EngineersRegistered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Offi ce. Photocopies and permissions. Permission to photocopy or rep

10、roduce material from ASCE publications can be requested by sending an e-mail to permissionsasce.org or by locating a title in ASCE s Civil Engineering Database ( http:/cedb.asce.org ) or ASCE Library ( http:/ascelibrary.org ) and using the “Permissions” link. Errata: Errata, if any, can be found at

11、http:/dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413791 . Copyright 2015 by the American Society of Civil Engineers. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-0-7844-1379-1 (print) ISBN 978-0-7844-7872-1 (PDF) Manufactured in the United States of America. 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 1 2 3 4 5 iiiASCE STANDARDS Standard should not b

12、e used without fi rst securing competent advice with respect to its suitability for any given application. The publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of the American Society of Civil Engineers, or of any other person named herein, tha

13、t this information is suitable for any general or particular use or promises freedom from infringement of any patent or patents. Anyone making use of this information assumes all liability from such use. A complete list of currently available standards is avail-able in the ASCE Library ( http:/ascel

14、ibrary.org/page/books/s-standards ). In 2006, the Board of Direction approved the revision to the ASCE Rules for Standards Committees to govern the writing and maintenance of standards developed by the Society. All such standards are developed by a consensus standards process managed by the Society

15、s Codes and Standards Committee (CSC). The consensus process includes balloting by a balanced standards committee made up of Society members and nonmem-bers, balloting by the membership of the Society as a whole, and balloting by the public. All standards are updated or reaffi rmed by the same proce

16、ss at intervals not exceeding fi ve years. The material presented in this Standard has been prepared in accordance with recognized engineering principles. This This page intentionally left blank Flood Resistant Design and Construction vPREFACEmentary regarding selection of coeffi cient of discharge

17、and for grouping or stacking of fl ood openings. 5. For Flood Design Class 4 buildings, requires the minimum lowest fl oor elevation (or fl oodproofi ng level of protec-tion) to be the higher of the Base Flood Elevation plus freeboard specifi ed in Chapters 2, 4, and 6, the Design Flood Elevation, o

18、r the 500-year fl ood elevation. The 500-year fl ood elevation requirement is new. 6. Clarifi es text pertaining to alluvial fan high risk fl ood hazard areas. 7. In Coastal High Hazard Areas (V Zone) and Coastal A Zones (if delineated),a. Makes explicit that designs must account for local scour and

19、 erosion b. Provides for shallow foundations in Coastal A Zones under certain circumstances c. Requires fl ood openings in breakaway walls d. Eliminates orientation of the lowest horizontal struc-tural member as a factor to determine elevation for lowest fl oors, equipment, and fl ood damage-resista

20、nt materialse. Requires exterior doors at the top of stairways that are located inside enclosed areas with breakaway walls f. Consolidates requirements for all nonstructural con-crete slabs g. Allows substantial improvement of existing buildings seaward of the reach of mean high tide in V zones (mak

21、es ASCE 24 consistent with National Flood Insurance Program and Coastal A Zones. 8. Updates fl ood damage-resistant material requirements. 9. Clarifi es emergency escape and rescue opening require-ments for dry fl oodproofed buildings. 10. Clarifi es requirements for garages, carports, and acces-sor

22、y storage structures. Adds new section for multistory parking structures. 11. Consolidates requirements for tanks and more clearly dis-tinguishes between requirements based on fl ood hazard area. The material presented in this standard has been prepared in accordance with recognized engineering prin

23、ciples. This stan-dard should not be used without fi rst securing competent advice with respect to its suitability for any given application. The publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of the American Society of Civil Engineers, or of

24、 any other person named herein, that this information is suitable for any general or particular use or prom-ises freedom from infringement of any patent or patents. Anyone making use of this information assumes all liability from such use. The 2014 edition has a number of signifi cant technical revi

25、-sions from the 2005 edition, including1 . D e fi nes Flood Design Class rather than using Risk/Occupancy Classifi cation assigned under ASCE 7 and requires each building or structure governed by the stan-dard to be assigned to Flood Design Class 1, 2, 3, or 4. Uses the assigned Flood Design Class t

26、o apply elevation requirements specifi ed in Chapters 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Flood Design Class 4 buildings and facilities are equivalent to Occupancy Category/Risk Category IV buildings, which ASCE 7 identifi es are essential facilities. 2. Adds defi nitions for Mixed Use and Residential Portions of Mi

27、xed Use in commentary to clarify limitations on use of dry fl oodproofi ng measures. 3. Changes the Coastal A Zone determination requirement from the designer s responsibility to one depending on either: (1) delineation of a Limit of Moderate Wave Action (LiMWA) on a Flood Insurance Rate Map, or (2)

28、 designa-tion by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. 4. Separates specifi cations for fl ood openings from the installation requirements. Requires the presence of louvers, blades, screens, faceplates, or other covers and devices to be accounted for in determining net open area for non-engineered open

29、ings and in determining the per-formance of engineered openings. Revises coeffi cient of discharge table for engineered fl ood openings. Adds com-This page intentionally left blank Flood Resistant Design and Construction viiACKNOWLEDGMENTSCarol Friedland, Ph.D., P.E., CFM Michael J. Graham, CFM John

30、 L. Ingargiola, EI, CBO, CFM Catherine M. Kaake, P.E., M.ASCE Philip Line, P.E., M.ASCE E. Michael McCarthy, P.E., M.ASCE Joseph J. Messersmith, Jr., P.E., M.ASCE Kimberly Paarlberg, P.A. John Squerciati, P.E., CFM, M.ASCE Terri L. Turner, AICP, CFM Robert A. Wessel, Ph.D., F.ASTM Thomas G. Williams

31、on, P.E., F.ASCE, F.SEI Garland Wilson, P.E., M.ASCE ASCE would like to thank each member of the committee for his or her dedication and hard work during completion of ASCE 24-14.ASCE would like to acknowledge the long-standing contribu-tions of previous Committee Chair, Harry B. Thomas, and of thos

32、e current members who have served the committee since the development of the 1998 edition: William L. Coulbourne, Shou-Shan Fan, Christopher P. Jones, Joseph J. Messersmith, Jr., and Kimberly Paarlberg. The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) acknowledges the work of the Flood Resistant Desig

33、n and Construction Standard Committee of the Codes and Standards Activities Division of the Structural Engineering Institute. This group com-prises individuals from many backgrounds including consulting engineering, research, construction, education, government, design, and private practice. This st

34、andard was prepared through the consensus standards process by balloting in compliance with procedures of ASCE s Codes and Standards Activities Committee. Those individuals who served on the ASCE 24-14 Standard Committee includeChristopher P. Jones, P.E., M.ASCE, Chair Larry Buss, P.E., D.WRE, M.ASC

35、E, CFM Russell J. Coco, P.E., M.ASCE James P. Colgate, RA, Esq., CFM William L. Coulbourne, P.E., M.ASCE, F.SEI James B. Destefano, P.E., AIA, F.SEI Gary J. Ehrlich, P.E., M.ASCE Shou-Shan Fan, Ph.D. Kenneth J. Filarski, FAIA, AICP, LEED-AP BD + C, CFM, SAP+ AEER, NCARB Daryle L. Fontenot, P.E., CFM

36、 This page intentionally left blank Flood Resistant Design and Construction ixUNIT CONVERSIONS Measurement S.I. Units Customary UnitsAbbreviations m = meter (S.I. base unit of length) yd = yardcm = centimeter in. = inchkm = kilometer mi = mileha = hectare acreL = liter (S.I. base unit of volume) gal

37、 = gallonmL = milliliter qt = quartkg = kilogram (S.I. base unit of mass) lb = poundg = gram oz = ounceN = Newton (mkgs 2) lbf = pound-force (lb/ft)Pa = Pascal (N/m 2) psi = pounds per square inchkPa = kilopascal atm = atmosphereJ = Joule ftlbf = feet per pound-forceW = watt Btu = British thermal un

38、itkW = kilowatt hp = horsepowers = second (S.I. base unit of time) s = secondmin = minute min = minuteh = hour h = hourday dayC = degrees Celsius F = degrees Fahrenheitppm = parts per million ppm = parts per millionLength 1 m = 3.2808 ft = 1.0936 yd 1 ft = 0.333 yd = 0.3048 m1 cm = 0.3937 in. 1 in.

39、= 2.54 cm1 km = 0.6214 mile 1 mile = 0.869 nautical mile = 1.6093 kmArea 1 m 2= 10.7643 ft 21 ft 2= 0.0929 m 21 km 2= 0.3861 mi 2mi 2= 2.59 km 21 ha = 2.4710 acre 1 acre = 43,560 ft 2= 0.4047 haVolume 1 L = 0.2642 gal 1 gal = 4 qt = 3.7854 L1 ml = 1 cm 31 ft 3= 7.481 gal = 28.32 LMass 1 g = 0.0353 o

40、z 1 oz = 28.3495 g1 kg = 2.2046 lb 1 lb = 0.4536 kgForce 1 N = 0.2248 lb/ft 1 lbf = 4.4482 NDensity 1 kg/m 2= 0.2048 lb/ft 21 lb/ft 2= 4.882 kg/m 21 kg/m 3= 6.2427 lb/ft 3lb/ft 3= 16.018 kg/m 3Pressure 1 kPa = 0.145 psi 1 psi = 6.8948 kPa1 atm = 14.7 psi = 101.35 kPaEnergy and Power 1 J = 1.00 Ws =

41、0.7376 ftlbf 1 ftlbf = 1.3558 J1 kJ = 0.2778 Wh = 0.948 Btu 1 Btu = 1.0551 kJ1 W = 0.7376 ftlbf/s = 3.4122 Btu/h 1 ftlbf/s = 1.3558 W1 kW = 1,3410 hp 1 hp = 550 ftlb/s = 0.7457 kWFlow 1 L/s = 15.85 gal/min = 2.119 ft 3/min 1 gal/min = 0.1337 ft 3/min = 0.0631 L/sConcentration mg/L = ppm m(in dilute

42、solutions)Temperature C = (F 32) 5/9 F = (C 9/5) + 32Fundamental Constants and Relationships Acceleration of gravity 32.2 ft/s 2= 9.81 m/s 2Density of freshwater (at 4 C) = 1,000 kg/m 3= 1 g/cm 3Density of saltwater (at 15 C, 35 ppt) =Specifi c weight of freshwater (15 C) =1,025 kg/m 3= 1.025 g/cm 3

43、62.4 lb/ft 3= 9,810 N/m 3Specifi c weight of saltwater Weight of freshwater Weight of saltwater64.0 lb/ft 3= 10,062 N/m 31 gal = 8.345 lb = 3.7854 kg 1 gal = 8.559 lb = 3.8825 kgThis page intentionally left blank Flood Resistant Design and Construction xiCONTENTSASCE STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . .

44、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiPREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiUNIT CONVERSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix1.0 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Scope

46、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Defi nitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Identifi cation of fl ood hazard areas . . . . . . . . . . . .

47、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.4 Identifi cation of fl ood-prone structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.4.2 Cons

48、ideration for fl ood protective works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.4.3 Assignment of Flood Design Class to buildings and structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.4.3.1 Multiple fl ood design classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

49、 . . . . 61.5 Basic design and construction requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.5.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.5.2 Elevation requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.5.3 Foundation require