1、- STD-ASCE 27-ENGL 2000 I 0759b00 003VbL2 122 m SPECIAL NOTICE The material presented in this publication has been prepared in accordance with recognized engineering principles. This Standard and Commentary should not be used without first securing competent advice with respect to their suitability
2、for any given application. The publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of the American Society of Civil Engineers, or of any other person named herein, that this information is suitable for any general or particular use or promises fre
3、edom from infringement of any patent or patents. Anyone making use of this information assumes all liability from such use. /STD ASCE 27-ENGL 2000 075b00 0034b13q - ASCE 27-00 American Society of Civil Engineers ASCE 27-00 American Society of Civil Engineers Standard Practice for Direct Design of Pr
4、ecast Concrete Pipe for Jacking in Trenchless Construction This document uses both Systme International (SI) units and customary units. Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, Virginia 201 91 -4400 STD-ASCE 27-ENGL 2000 0 0759b00 0039bL5 931 ABSTRACT Th
5、is publication, Standard Practice for Direct Design of Pre- cast Concrefe Pipe for Jacking in Trenchless Construction, (ASCE 27-98), is applicable to precast concrete pipe of cir- cular shape for jacking in trenchless construction of projects intended for the conveyance of sewage, industrial waste,
6、storm water, and drainage. The standard covers the direct design method, manufacturing specification, jacking operation guidelines, and jacking force guidelines. The direct design method is based on research and testing over several de- cades to develop more rational design procedures for the di- re
7、ct design of buried concrete pipe based on engineering principles followed for the direct design of other reinforced concrete members and structures. The direct design method provides coefficients based on soil-pipe interaction, which en- able the determination of pressure distributions on buried co
8、ncrete pipe installations. The limits state design procedure specified for the design of pipe is consistent with the proce- dures outline in Section 17 of the AASHTO Standard Speci- fication for Highway Bridges. The jacking forces and design procedures are consistent with industry practice. The com-
9、 mentary provides Supporting background data. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Standard practice for direct design of precast concrete American Society of Civil Engineers. pipe for jacking in trenchless construction / American Society of Civil Engineers. p. cm.- (ASCE Standard) Inc
10、ludes bibliographical references and index. 1. Pipe, Concrete-Design and construction. 2. Precast concrete. 3. Trenchless construction. I. Title. ISBN 0-7844-0496-8 TA447 .A52 2000 621.8672-dc21 00-033177 Photocopies. Authorization to photocopy material for intemal or personal use under circumstance
11、s not falling within the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act is granted by ASCE to libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clear- ance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, pro- vided that the base fee of $8.00 per article plus $.50 per page is paid directly to CCC, 222
12、Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA O1 923. The identification for ASCE Books is O-7844-0496-8/ /$8.00 + $50 per page. Requests for special permission or bulk copying should be addressed to Permissions 8. Copy- right Dept., ASCE. Copyright O 2000 by the American Society of Civil Engineers. All Rights Reserv
13、ed. Library of Congress Catalog Card No: 00-033177 Manufactured in the United States of America. ISBN 0-7844-0496-8 STDOASCE 27-ENGL 2000 W 0759b00 0034blb 878 STANDARDS In April 1980, the Board of Direction approved ASCE Rules for Standards Committees to govern the writing and maintenance of standa
14、rds developed by the Society. All such standards are developed by a consensus standards process managed by the Man- agement Group F (MGF), Codes and Standards. The consensus process includes balloting by the balanced standards committee made up of Society members and nonmembers, balloting by the mem
15、bership of ASCE as a whole, and balloting by the public. All standards are updated or reaffirmed by the same pro- cess at intervals not exceeding 5 years. The following Standards have been issued. ANSVASCE 1-82 N-725 Guideline for Design and Analysis of Nuclear Safety Related Earth Structures ANSVAS
16、CE 2-91 Measurement of Oxygen Transfer in Clean Water ANSVASCE 3-91 Standard for the Structural Design of Composite Slabs and ANSVASCE 9-91 Stan- dard Practice for the Construction and Inspection of Composite Slabs ASCE 4-98 Seismic Analysis of Safety-Related Nu- clear Structures Building Code Requi
17、rements for Masonry Structures (AC1 530-99/ASCE 5-99/TMS 402-99) and Specifications for Masonry Structures (AC1 ASCE 7-98 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings ANSVASCE 8-90 Standard Specification for the 530.1-99/ASCE 6-99KMS 602-99) and Other Structures Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structura
18、l Members ANSVASCE 9-91 listed with ASCE 3-91 ASCE 10-97 Design of Latticed Steel Transmission SEVASCE 11-99 Guideline for Structural Condition Structures Assessment of Existing Buildings ANSVASCE 12-91 Guideline for the Design of Urban Subsurface Drainage ASCE 13-93 Standard Guidelines for Installa
19、tion of Urban Subsurface Drainage ASCE 14-93 Standard Guidelines for Operation and Maintenance of Urban Subsurface Drainage ASCE 15-98 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Buried Precast Concrete Pipe Using Standard Installations (SIDD) Factor Design (LRFD) of Engineered Wood Construction ASCE 16-
20、95 Standard for Load and Resistance ASCE 17-96 Air-Supported Structures ASCE 18-96 Standard Guidelines for In-Process Oxygen Transfer Testing ASCE 19-96 Structural Applications of Steel Cables for Buildings ASCE 20-96 Standard Guidelines for the Design and Installation of Pile Foundations ASCE 21-96
21、 Automated People Mover Standards- Part 1 ASCE 21-98 Automated People Mover Standards- Part 2 SEVASCE 23-97 Specification for Structural Steel Beams with Web Openings SEVASCE 24-98 Flood Resistant Design and Construction ASCE 25-97 Earthquake-Actuated Automatic Gas Shut-Off Devices ASCE 26-97 Standa
22、rd Practice for Design of Buried Precast Concrete Box Sections ASCE 27-00 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Precast Concrete Pipe for Jacking in Trenchless Construction ASCE 28-00 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Precast Concrete Box Sections for Jacking in Trenchless Construction . 111 S
23、TD=ASCE 27-ENGL 2000 0757b00 0034bL7 704 FOREWORD The material presented in this publication has been prepared in accordance with recognized engi- neering principles. This Standard and Commentary should not be used without first securing competent advice with respect to their suitability for any giv
24、en application. The publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of the American Society of Civil Engi- neers, or of any other person named herein, that this information is suitable for any general or particular use or promises freedom from
25、 infringement of any patent or patents. Anyone making use of this infor- mation assumes all liability from such use. V STD*ASCE 27-ENGL 2000 0757b00 003qbLB by0 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The American Society of Civil Engineers private practice. The Standard was prepared through the consen- sus standards proce
26、ss by balloting in compliance with procedures of ASCEs Management Group F, Codes and Standards. Those individuals who serve on the Standards Committee are: (ASCE) acknowledges the work of the Direct Design of Buried Concrete Pipe Standards Committee of the Management Group F, Codes and Standards. Th
27、is group comprises individuals from many backgrounds including: consulting engineering, research, construc- tion industry, education, government, design and Richard P. Baldewin Josiah W. Beakley Mike Bealey Matthew J. Binder Joseph A. Bohinsky Thomas K. Breitfuss Leo Brooks Dennis L. Bunke Eric A. C
28、arleton Oliver Delery, Jr. Jeffrey I. Enyart R. Hartley Field Fouad H.Fouad Frank J. Heger James J. Hill Iraj I. Kaspar Kenneth K. Kienow Leonard L. Klein John M. Kurdziel John O. Lane Kelley Lloyd J. Wayne MacLean Michael C. McVay Kenneth F. Miller Wallace J. Munden Michael Murphy Masanori Nagami,
29、Chair Charles R. Nelson John L. Niklaus David Nishimura James A. Nystrom Gerald R. Price Mark W. Schumacher Ernest T. Selig Daniel N. Short Balaram K. Singh Robert E Spiekerman Lee E. Stockton, Vice Chair Richard A. Swenson Charles M. Taylor Albert T. Tung Adrianus VanKampen, Secrerary Jack C. Willi
30、ams James L. Withiam Shig Yonaminea Joseph P. Zicaro vii STD=ASCE 27-ENGL 2000 0759b00 0031ibL9 587 m CONTENTS PART I . GENERAL 1.0 Scope . 2.0 Applicable Documents 3.0 Definitions 4.0 Notations 5.0 Summary of Practice PART II . DIRECT DESIGN METHOD FOR JACKED PRECAST CONCRETE 6.0 General 8.0 Design
31、 Requirements By Owner 9.0 Design Requirements By Jacking Contractor 10.0 Design Requirements By Pipe Manufacturer 11.0 Materials 12.0 Transverse Loads . 13.0 Pressure Distribution for Transverse Loads 14.0 Stress Analysis for Effects of Transverse Loads 15.0 Transverse Reinforcement . 16.0 Design f
32、or Axial Forces from Jacking . 17.0 Nonreinforced Concrete Pipe . 18.0 Pipe Designation PIPE INSTALLATIONS 7.0 General Design Requirements APPENDIX A: MANUFACTURING SPECIFICATION FOR PRECAST CONCRETE PIPE FOR A1.O Scope . A2.0 Reference Documents . A4.0 Permissible Variations . A5.0 Marking . JACKIN
33、G IN TRENCHLESS CONSTRUCTION A3.0 Terminology APPENDIX B: GUIDELINES FOR JACKING OPERATIONS B1.O General B3.0 Shields . B4.0 Joints . B5.0 Excavation B2.0 Jacking Pit B6.0 Jacking . B7.0 Intermediate Jacking Stations . B8.0 Lubrication and Coatings B9.0 Reception Pit APPENDIX C: GUIDELINES FOR ESTIM
34、ATING REQUIRED JACKING FORCE C1.0 General C2.0 Jacking Resistance . C3.0 Lubrication . C4.0 Jacking Operation 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 10 15 15 20 23 23 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 27 27 21 27 27 28 28 ix PRECAST CONCRETE PIPE FOR JACKING IN TRENCHLESS CONSTRUCTION APPENDIX D: SI UNITS FOR NOTATION AND EQ
35、UATIONS . 28 COMMENTARY 39 INDEX 49 X STD-ASCE 27-ENGL 2000 = 0757b00 0034b2L 135 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Precast Concrete Pipe for Jacking in Trenchless Construction PART 1. GENERAL 1.0 SCOPE 1.1 This Practice covers design and recommended in- stallation procedures for precast concre
36、te pipe for jacking in trenchless construction intended for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, storm water and drainage and for utilities and access ways. 1.2 TRENCHLESS CONSTRUCTION Trenchless construction is a method of installing pipe without excavating an open trench. 1.2.1 Jacking whi
37、ch prefabricated pipes are installed by pushing (jacking) them longitudinally into position, usually from a pit. The spoil material is removed either man- ually or mechanically through the pipe being installed. Jacking is a trenchless construction technique in 1.2.2 Microtunneling Microtunneling is
38、a method of installing pipe by trenchless construction techniques behind a remotely controlled, sterrable, guided, articulated boring ma- chine which is connected to and followed by the pipe which is being installed by jacking. Excess spoil ma- terial is removed mechanically through the pipe being i
39、nstalled. 1.3 The exterior surface of the pipe shall not contain projections such as enlarged bells, unless special pro- visions are made. 1.4 The successful performance of concrete pipe in- stalled using jacking techniques requires proper de- sign by the engineer for loading conditions during and a
40、fter installation. It requires skillful placement by the installing contractor utilizing methods which maintain jacking loads to acceptable levels and which maintain acceptable levels of variance from estab- lished line and grade. It requires precise fabrication of the pipe by the manufacturer to th
41、e standards and tolerance levels specified. 1.5 Part II of this Standard Practice presents a direct design method for jacked pipe installations. This de- sign and analysis method considers the interaction between the pipe and surrounding soil andor grout envelope in determining longitudinal loads de
42、veloped during jacking, as well as transverse pressure distri- butions, and circumferential moment, thrust and shear in the pipe wall. A procedure for calculating the re- quired reinforcement in the pipe wall is included. 1.6 Appendix A of this Standard Practice presents manufacturing requirements f
43、or precast concrete pipe intended for use in trenchless construction installed by jacking methods. 1.7 Appendix B of this Standard Practice presents guidelines for jacking operations. 1.8 Appendix C of this Standard Practice presents guidelines for estimating required jacking force. 1.9 This Standar
44、d Practice may be used as a refer- ence by the owner and the owners engineer in pre- paring project specifications. 1.10 The design procedures given in this Standard Practice are intended for use by engineers who are familiar with the installation, pipe characteristics that affect the structural beh
45、avior of jacked concrete pipe installations, and the significance of the installation requirements. Before applying the design procedures given in Parts II and III, the engineer should review the guidance and requirements given in other sections of this Standard Practice and its accompanying Comment
46、ary. 1.11 The values of dimensions and quantities are ex- pressed in inch-pound (English) units, which are to be regarded as standard. Where English unit values are converted to SI unit values, they are presented in parentheses or a section following the English units. For clarity, Appendix D repeat
47、s the notation and con- tains the full translation of equations to SI units. The use of SI units is in accord with ASTM Practice E 380. SI units expressed in parentheses and in Ap- pendix D are supplied for information only and are not a part of this Standard Practice. Note 1: Some of the applicable
48、 standards referenced may have a double designation (Axxx/AxxxM) or separate inch-pound (English) and SI (metric) unit editions. Only the inch-pound unit edition of a stan- dard is listed in this Practice. 1 STD*ASCE 27-ENGL 2000 = 0757bDO 0034b22 071 = PRECAST CONCRETE PIPE FOR JACKING IN TRENCHLES
49、S CONSTRUCTION Note 2: SI (metric) unit editions of ASTM Standards on precast concrete pipe use the units of cm2/m to denote steel reinforcement cross-sectional area, which is an acceptable, but not a preferred, SI unit. 2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 ASTM (AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS) 2.1.1 A 82 Specification for Steel Wire, Plain for Concrete Reinforcement 2.3 AC1 (AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE) 2.3.1 AC1 318 Building Code Requirements for Rein- forced Concrete and Commentary 2.4 ASCE (AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS) 2.4.1 ASCE 15-98 Standard Practice for Dire
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