1、ASCE 28-00 American Society of Civil Engineers Standard Practice for Direct Design of Precast Concrete Box Sections for Jacking in Trenchless Construction ASCE STDOASCE 28-ENGL 2000 0759b00 0034LILIb 743 ASCE 28-00 American Society of Civil Engineers Standard Practice for Direct Design of Precast Co
2、ncrete Box Sections for Jacking in Trenchless Construction This document uses both Systme International (SI) units and customary units. Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, Virginia 201 91 -4400 STD.ASCE 28-ENGL 2000 0759b00 003Li447 b8T - ABSTRACT S
3、tandard Practice for Direct Design of Precast Concrete Box Sections for Jacking in Trenchless Construction discusses design and recommended installation procedures for precast concrete box sections for jacking in trenchless construction intended for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, storm
4、 water, and drainage and for utilities and access ways. Manufacturing of same is also discussed. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Standard practice for direct design of precast concrete box sections for jacking in trenchless construction /Amencan Societv of Civil Enaineers. p. cm.-
5、 (sCE Standard) “ASCE 28-00.” ISBN 0-7844-0497-6 Includes bibliographical references and index. I. Reinforced concrete construction. 2. Boxes-De- sign. 3. Precast concrete. 4. Soil-structure interaction. 5. Trenchless construction. I. American Society of Civil Engineers. TA683.7. S73 2000 624.1 -dc2
6、1 00-040590 Photocopies. Authorization to photocopy material for internal or personal use under circumstances not falling within the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act is granted by ASCE to libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clear- ance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting
7、 Service, pro- vided that the base fee of $8.00 per article plus $.50 per page is paid directly to CCC, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. The identification for ASCE Books is O-7844-0497-6/ 00/$8.00 + $50 per page. Requests for special permission or bulk copying should be addressed to Permissio
8、ns 8 Copy- right Dept., ASCE. Copyright O 2001 by the American Society of Civil Engineers. All Riahts Received. Libra6 of Congress Catalog Card No: 00-040590 Manufactured in the United States of America. ISBN 0-7844-0497-6 STD*ASCE 28-ENGL 2000 0759b00 0034448 5Lb m STANDARDS In April 1980, the Boar
9、d of Direction approved ASCE Rules for Standards Committees to govern the writing and maintenance of standards developed by the Society. All such standards are developed by a consensus standards process managed by the Man- agement Group F (MGF), Codes and Standards. The consensus process includes ba
10、lloting by the balanced standards committee made up of Society members and nonmembers, balloting by the membership of ASCE as a whole, and balloting by the public. All standards are updated or reaffirmed by the same pro- cess at intervals not exceeding 5 years. The following Standards have been issu
11、ed. ANSVASCE 1-82 N-725 Guideline for Design and Analysis of Nuclear Safety Related Earth Structures ANSVASCE 2-9 1 Measurement of Oxygen Transfer in Clean Water ANSVASCE 3-91 Standard for the Structural Design of Composite Slabs and ANSVASCE 9-91 Stan- dard Practice for the Construction and Inspect
12、ion of Composite Slabs ASCE 4-98 Seismic Analysis of Safety-Related Nu- clear Structures Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (AC1 530-99/ASCE 5-99/TMS 402-99) and Specifications for Masonry Structures (AC1 ASCE 7-98 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings ANSVASCE 8-90 Standard Specificatio
13、n for the 530.1-99/ASCE 6-99mMS 602-99) and Other Structures Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members ANSUASCE 9-91 listed with ASCE 3-91 ASCE 10-97 Design of Latticed Steel Transmission SEVASCE 11 -99 Guideline for Structural Condition Structures Assessment of Existing Buildings ANS
14、VASCE 12-91 Guideline for the Design of Urban Subsurface Drainage ASCE 13-93 Standard Guidelines for Installation of Urban Subsurface Drainage ASCE 14-93 Standard Guidelines for Operation and Maintenance of Urban Subsurface Drainage ASCE 15-98 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Buried Precast Co
15、ncrete Pipe Using Standard Installations (SIDD) Factor Design (LRFD) of Engineered Wood Construction ASCE 16-95 Standard for Load and Resistance ASCE 17-96 Air-Supported Structures ASCE 18-96 Standard Guidelines for In-Process Oxygen Transfer Testing ASCE 19-96 Structural Applications of Steel Cable
16、s for Buildings ASCE 20-96 Standard Guidelines for the Design and Installation of Pile Foundations ASCE 21-96 Automated People Mover Standards- Part 1 ASCE 21-98 Automated People Mover Standards- Part 2 SEVASCE 23-97 Specification for Structural Steel Beams with Web Openings SEVASCE 24-98 Flood Resi
17、stant Design and Construction ASCE 25-97 Earthquake-Actuated Automatic Gas Shut-Off Devices ASCE 26-97 Standard Practice for Design of Buried Precast Concrete Box Sections ASCE 27-00 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Precast Concrete Pipe for Jacking in Trenchless Construction ASCE 28-00 Standa
18、rd Practice for Direct Design of Precast Concrete Box Sections for Jacking in Trenchless Construction . 111 STD-ASCE 28-ENGL 2000 0759b00 0034449 Li52 The material presented in this publication has been prepared in accordance with recognized engi- neering principles. This Standard and Commentary sho
19、uld not be used without first securing competent advice with respect to their suitability for any given application. The publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of the American Society of Civil Engi- neers, or of any other person named
20、 herein, that this information is suitable for any general or particular use or promises freedom from infringement of any patent or patents. Anyone making use of this infor- mation assumes all liability from such use. V STD-ASCE 28-ENGL 2000 0757b00 O034450 L7Li The American Society of Civil Enginee
21、rs private practice. The Standard was prepared through the consen- sus standards process by balloting in compliance with procedures of ASCEs Management Group F, Codes and Standards. Those individuais who serve on the Standards Committee are: (ASCE) acknowledges the work of the Direct Design of Burie
22、d Concrete Pipe Standards Committee of the Management Group F, Codes and Standards. This group comprises individuals from many backgrounds including: consulting engineering, research, construc- tion industry, education, government, design and Richard P. Baldewin Josiah W. Beakley Mike Bealey Matthew
23、 J. Binder Joseph A. Bohinsky Thomas K. Breitfuss Leo Brooks Dennis L. Bunke Eric A. Carleton Oliver Delery, Jr. Jeffrey I. Enyart R. Hartley Field Fouad H. Fouad Frank J. Heger James J. Hill Iraj I. Kaspar Kenneth K. Kienow Leonard L. Klein John M. Kurdziel John O. Lane Kelley Lloyd J. Wayne MacLea
24、n Michael C. McVay Kenneth F. Miller Wallace J. Munden Michael Murphy Masanori Nagami, Chair Charles R. Nelson John L. Niklaus David Nishimura James A. Nystrom Gerald R. Price Mark W. Schumacher Ernest T. Selig Daniel N. Short Balaram K. Singh Robert F, Spiekerman Lee E. Stockton, Vice Chair Richard
25、 A. Swenson Charles M. Taylor Albert T. Tung Adnanus VanKampen, Secretary Jack C. Williams James L. Withiam Shig Yonaminea Joseph P. Zicaro vii STD-ASCE ZB-ENGL zooo rn 075wo 0034453 o00 m CONTENTS PART I . GENERAL 1.0 Scope . 2.0 Applicable Documents 3.0 Definitions 4.0 Notations 5.0 Summary of Pra
26、ctice PART II . DIRECT DESIGN METHOD FOR JACKED PRECAST CONCRETE BOX SECTION INSTALLATIONS 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 General General Design Requirements Design Requirements By Owner Design Requirements By Jacking Contractor Design Requirements By Box Section Manufacture
27、r Materials Transverse Loads . Pressure Distribution for Transverse Loads Stress Analysis for Effects of Transverse Loads Transverse Reinforcement . Design for Axial Forces from Jacking . Box Section Designation . APPENDIX A: MANUFACTURING SPECIFICATION FOR PRECAST CONCRETE BOX SECTIONS FOR JACKING
28、IN TRENCHLESS CONSTRUCTION A1.O Scope . A2.0 Reference Documents . A3.0 Terminology A4.0 Permissible Variations . A5.0 Marking . APPENDIX B: GUIDELINES FOR JACKING OPERATIONS B1.O General B2.0 Jacking Pit B3.0 Shields . B4.0 Joints . B5.0 Excavation B6.0 Jacking . B7.0 Intermediate Jacking Stations
29、. B8.0 Lubrication and Coatings B9.0 Reception Pit APPENDIX C: GUIDELINES FOR ESTIMATING REQUIRED JACKING FORCE C1.0 General C2.0 Jacking Resistance . C3.0 Lubrication . C4.0 Jacking Operation 6 6 6 7 7 9 9 11 14 14 18 21 22 22 22 22 22 23 24 24 25 25 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 26 ix PRECAST CONCRETE BOX
30、SECTIONS IN TRENCHLESS CONSTRUCTION APPENDIX D: SI UMTS FOR NOTATION AND EQUATIONS . 27 COMMENTARY 38 INDEX 49 X STD-ASCE 28-ENGL 2000 9 0757b00 003qLi53 783 m Standard Practice for Direct Design of Precast Concrete Box Sections for Jacking in Trenchless Construction PART I. GENERAL 1.0 SCOPE 1.1 Th
31、is Practice covers design and recommended in- stallation procedures for precast concrete box sections for jacking in trenchless construction intended for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, storm water and drainage and for utilities and access ways. 1.2 TRENCHLESS CONSTRUCTION Trenchless co
32、nstruction is a method of installing box sections without excavating an open trench. 1.2.1 Jacking which prefabricated box sections are installed by pushing (jacking) them longitudinally into position, usually from a pit. The spoil material is removed ei- ther manually or mechanically through the bo
33、x sec- tion being installed. Jacking is a trenchless construction technique in 1.2.2 Microtunneling Microtunneling is a method of installing box sec- tions by trenchless construction techniques behind a remotely controlled, steerable, guided, articulated bor- ing machine which is connected to and fo
34、llowed by the box section which is being installed by jacking. Excess spoil material is removed mechanically through the box section being installed. 1.3 The exterior surface of the box section shall not contain projections such as enlarged bells, unless spe- cial provisions are made. 1.4 The succes
35、sful performance of concrete box sec- tions installed using jacking techniques requires proper design by the engineer for loading conditions during and after installation. It requires skillful place- ment by the installing contractor utilizing methods which maintain jacking loads to acceptable level
36、s and which maintain acceptable levels of variance from es- tablished line and grade. It requires precise fabrica- tion of the box sections by the manufacturer to the standards and tolerance levels specified. 1.5 Part II of this Standard Practice presents a direct design method for jacked box sectio
37、n installations. This design and analysis method considers the inter- action between the box section and surrounding soil and/or grout envelope in determining longitudinal loads developed during jacking, as well as transverse pressure distributions, and circumferential moment, thrust and shear in th
38、e box section wall. A procedure for calculating the required reinforcement in the box section wall is included. 1.6 Appendix A of this Standard Practice presents manufacturing requirements for precast concrete box sections intended for use in trenchless construction installed by jacking methods. 1.7
39、 Appendix B of this Standard Practice presents guidelines for jacking operations. 1.8 Appendix C of this Standard Practice presents guidelines for estimating required jacking force. .1.9 This Standard Practice may be used as a refer- ence by the owner and the owners engineer in pre- paring project s
40、pecifications. 1.10 The design procedures given in this Standard Practice are intended for use by engineers who are familiar with the installation, box section characteris- tics that affect the structural behavior of jacked con- crete box section installations, and the significance of the installati
41、on requirements. Before applying the de- sign procedures given in Parts II and III, the engineer should review the guidance and requirements given in other sections of this Standard Practice and its ac- companying Commentary. 1.11 The values of dimensions and quantities are ex- pressed in inch-pound
42、 (English) units, which are to be regarded as standard. Where English unit values are converted to SI unit values, they are presented in parentheses or a section following the English units. For clarity, Appendix D repeats the notation and con- tains the full translation of equations to SI units. Th
43、e use of SI units is in accord with ASTM Practice E 380. SI units expressed in parentheses and in Ap- pendix D are supplied for information only and are not a part of this Standard Practice. 1 STD-ASCE 28-ENGL 2000 0757b00 003irir5ir LT PRECAST CONCRETE BOX SECTIONS IN TRENCHLESS CONSTRUCTION Note 1
44、: Some of the applicable standards referenced may have a double designation (AxxxlAxxxM) or separate inch-pound (English) and SI (metric) unit editions. Only the inch-pound unit edition of a stan- dard is listed in this Practice. 2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 ASTM (AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MA
45、TERIALS) 2.1.1 A 82 Specification for Steel Wire, Plain for Concrete Reinforcement 2.1.2 A 185 Specification for Steel Welded Wire Fab- ric, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement 2.1.3 A 496 Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement 2.2 AASHTO (AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGH
46、WAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS) 2.2.1 Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges and Structures 2.2.2 M 259 Standard Specification for Precast Rein- forced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers 2.2.3 M 273 Standard Specification for Precast Rein- forced Concrete Box Section
47、s for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers with less than 2 ft of Cover Sub- jected to Highway Loading 2.3 AC1 (AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE) 2.3.1 AC1 318 Building Code Requirements for Rein- forced Concrete and Commentary 2.1.4 A 497 Specification for Steel Welded Wire Fab- ric, Deformed, for Concret
48、e Reinforcement 3.0 DEFINITIONS 2.1.5 A 615 Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement 2.1.6 C 789 Standard Specification for Precast Rein- forced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers 2.1.7 C 850 Standard Specification for Precast Rein-
49、forced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Stotm Drains, and Sewers with less than 2 ft of Cover Sub- jected to Highway Loading 2.1.8 C 822 Definitions of Concrete Pipe and Related Products 2.1.9 D 2487 Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System) 2.1.10 D 2488 Practice for Description and Identifica- tion of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedures) 2.1.11 E 380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units (SI) the Modernized Metric System 3.1 For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see ASTM Definitions C 822 and Fig. 3.1 - 1. 3.2
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