ASCE 36-15-2015 Standard Design and Construction Guidelines for Microtunneling.pdf

1、 A S C E S TA N DA R D ASCE/CI 36-15American Society of Civil EngineersStandard Design and Construction Guidelines for MicrotunnelingThis document uses both the International System of Units (SI) and customary units.Published by the American Society of Civil EngineersLibrary of Congress Cataloging-i

2、n-Publication DataStandard design and construction guidelines for microtunneling / American Society of Civil Engineers.pages cm“This document uses both the International System of Units (SInulland customary units.null“ASCE/CI nullnullnullnullIncludes bibliographical references and indenullISnull nul

3、lnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull(print nullalnull papernullISnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull(eboonull null nullcrotunnelingnulltandards. null Underground pipelinesnullesign and constructionnullStandardsnullnited States. null Trenchless constructionnulltandardsnullnited States. I. American

4、 Society of Civil Engineers.TAnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnull nullnulldcnullnullnullnullnullnullnullblished by American Society of Civil Engineersnullnull Alenullnder nullll nullivenullstonnullnullirginia nullnullnullnullnullnullnull.asce.org/boonulltore nullascelibrary.orgThis standard nu

5、lls developed by a consensus standards development process that has been accredited by the American nulltional Standards Institute (AnullInull Accreditation by AnullInulla voluntary accreditation body representing public and private sector standards development organinulltions in the United States a

6、nd abroadnullsigninulls that the standards development process used by ASCE has met the AnullI renullirements for opennessnullbalancenullconsensusnulland due process.nullile ASCEnulls process is designed to promote standards that renullct a fair and reasoned consensus among all interested participan

7、tsnullnullile preserving the public healthnullsafetynulland nulllfare that is paramount to its missionnullit has not made an independent assessment of and does not nullrrant the accuracynullcompletenessnullsuitabilitynullor utility of any informationnullappa nullratusnull productnull or process disc

8、ussed herein. ASCE does not intendnull nor should anyone interpretnullASCEnulls standards to replace the sound nulldgment of a competent professionalnullhaving nullonulledge and enullerience in the appropriate nullld(snullof practicenullnor to substitute for the standard of care renullired of such p

9、rofessionals in interpreting and applying the contents of this standard.ASCE has no authority to enforce compliance nullth its standards and does not undertanull to certify products for compliance or to render any professional services to any person or entity.ASCE disclaims any and all liability for

10、 any personal innullrynullproperty damagenullnullancial lossnullor other damages of any nature nullatsoevernullincluding nullthout limitation any directnullindirectnullspecialnullenullmplarynullor consenullential damagesnullresulting from any personnulls use ofnullor reliance onnullthis standard. An

11、y individual nullo relies on this standard assumes full responsibility for such use.ASCE and American Society of Civil Engineersnullegistered in U.S. nulltent and Trademarnullnullnulle.Photocopies and permissions. nullrmission to photocopy or reproduce material from ASCE publications can be renulles

12、ted by sending an enullail to permissionsnullsce.org or by locating a title in ASCEnulls Civil Engineering nulltabase (httpnull/cedb.asce.orgnullor ASCE nullbrary (httpnull/ascelibrary.orgnulland using the “nullrmissionsnulllinnullErrata: Erratanullif anynullcan be found at httpnull/dnulldoi.org/nul

13、l.nullnull/nullnullnullnullnullnullnullCopyright nullnullnull by the American Society of Civil Engineers.All nullghts nullserved.ISnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull(printnullISnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull(nullnullnullnufactured in the United States of America.null null null null

14、 null null null null null null null null nulliiiASCE STANDARDS This standard has been prepared in accordance with recog-nized engineering principles and should not be used without the user s competent knowledge for a given application. The publi-cation of this standard by ASCE is not intended to war

15、rant that the information contained therein is suitable for any general or specifi c use, and ASCE takes no position respecting the validity of patent rights. The user is advised that the determination of patent rights or risk of infringement is entirely his or her own responsibility. A complete lis

16、t of currently available standards is avail-able in the ASCE Library ( http:/ascelibrary.org/page/books/s-standards ). In 2014, the Board of Direction approved revisions to the ASCE Rules for Standards Committees to govern the writing and main-tenance of standards developed by ASCE. All such standar

17、ds are developed by a consensus standards process managed by the ASCE Codes and Standards Committee (CSC). The consensus process includes balloting by a balanced standards committee and reviewing during a public comment period. All standards are updated or reaffi rmed by the same process every fi ve

18、 to ten years. Requests for formal interpretations shall be processed in accordance with Section 7 of ASCE Rules for Standards Com-mittees, which are available at www.asce.org . Errata, addenda, supplements, and interpretations, if any, for this standard can also be found at www.asce.org . This page

19、 intentionally left blank Standard Design and Construction Guidelines for Microtunneling vPREFACEincluding drawings, technical specifications, and contractual specifications, have been updated. The qualifications of contrac-tors who construct a microtunneling project as well as those of the engineer

20、s who design them have been updated.The committee that worked on these guidelines acknowledges that there have been significant improvements in best prac-tices and technology since 200null null document, including this one, can encompass all of the issues on a particular microtun-neling project. nul

21、l addition, improvements in best practices and technology continue to evolve so quickly that consideration of these guidelines in connection with any project must take into account not only the specific characteristics of the particular project but also further improvements in best practices and tec

22、hnology.These design and construction guidelines for microtunneling have been created by a group of engineers, owners, contractors, suppliers, and manufacturers working over the past several years. The changes to these microtunneling guidelines take into account many of the advances that have occurr

23、ed since their original publication in 200null null number of new sections have been added. nullny of the enullsting sections have been updated because of changes in technology as well as changes in construc-tion that make microtunneling a more acceptable means of construction.nullctions have also b

24、een enullanded and modified so that those reviewing the guidelines can best understand what is needed in detail in order to undertake a microtunneling project. null addi -tion, the methods for preparing construction contract documents, This page intentionally left blank Standard Design and Construct

25、ion Guidelines for Microtunneling viiACKNOWLEDGMENTSJoseph P. Castronovo, P.E.Daniel J. Dobbels, P.E.D. Thomas Iseley, Ph.D., P.E.James K. Kwong, Ph.D., P.E.Steve S. LeiusRobert Lys Jr., P.E.nullnullael P. nullrphy, P.E.nullhammanullnullnullnull Ph.D., P.E.nullberto null Solana, P.E.Cal TerrasasRinu

26、llarnullThomasson, P.E.nullennulln D. Tippetsnullnullael null nullitale, P.E.Thannullyou to Julie nullCullough annullnullvier Callahan nullr pro nullvinullng tenullninulll enullting.The nullmmittee woulnull linull to anullnowlenulle the nullannullal support provinullnullby the nullllowing nullmpanie

27、s annullassonullationsnullnullnullllen Janullbs nullsonullatesnullrth nullerinulln nullnullotunneling nullsonullation nullnullnullnullrth nullerinulln Sonullety nullr Trennullless Tenullnology nullnullTTnullThe nullerinulln Sonullety onullCivil Engineers nullSCEnull the nullrth nullerinulln Sonullet

28、y nullr Trennullless Tenullnology nullnullTTnull annullthe nullrth nullerinulln nullnullotunneling nullsonullation nullnullnull anullnowl nullenulle the wornullonullthe nullnullotunneling Stannullrnull Committee. This group nullmprises innullvinullals nullom many banullgrounnull, innullunullng nulln

29、sulting engineering, the nullnstrunullion innullstry, enullipment annullpipe manunullnulluring, enullnulltion, government, nullsign, annullprivate pranullinull.Prinnullpal authors onullthe stannullrnullarenullenn null nullynull, Ph.D., P.E., ChairRobert D. nullnnett, Ph.D., P.E.Lester null nullanull

30、haw Jr.D. Craig CampRalph R. CarpenterDennis J. Doherty, P.E.nullrnullnull. nulltnullinson, P.E.RinullarnullC. Turnullpp, P.E.nullher innullvinullals who servenullannullnullntributenullon the Stan nullnullrnull Committee are the nullllowingnullnullnullael null nullyle, P.E. nullnanullivenullnullrnul

31、lnull nullunullThis page intentionally left blank Standard Design and Construction Guidelines for Microtunneling ixCONTENTSASCE STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiPREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiPART I GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33、 . . . . . . . . . . 11 SCOPE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.1 American Society of Civil Enginee

34、rs (ASCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 American Water Works Association (AWWA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、62.4 American Petroleum Institute (API) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 European Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.6 North American Society for Trenchless Technology (NASTT) .

36、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.7 Other Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 ACRONYM

37、S, ABBREVIATIONS, AND INITIALISMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 SUMMARY OF PRACTICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17PART II PLANNING ASPECTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 INITIAL CRITERIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.1 Pipe Diameter and Grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.2 Depth . . . . .

39、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.3 Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.4 Shafts and Working Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.5 Sustainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.6 Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 SITE CONDI

41、TIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.1 Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.2 Easements and Rights-of-Way . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.3 Underground Utilities and Other Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.4 Buried Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267.5 In-Line

43、 Microtunneling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267.6 Contaminated Ground and Groundwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277.7 Special Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 PRELIMINARY GEOTECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 PROJECT LAYOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319.1 Layout for Effi cient Micr

45、otunneling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319.2 Horizontal and Vertical Alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31x CONTENTS9.3 Service Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329.4 Effects on Adjacent Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3210 COST CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3510.1 Direct Cost of

47、Microtunneling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3510.2 Indirect Social Effect Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3710.3 Environmental Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

48、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3810.4 Risk Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3810.5 Contingency Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39PART III DES

49、IGN ASPECTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4111 DETAILED SITE INVESTIGATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4311.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4311.2 Geotechnical Investigation Approach and Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .