ASCE MOP 124-2012 Inland Navigation Channel Training Works.pdf

1、 ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 124Inland NavigationChannel Training WorksPrepared by the Task Committee on Inland Navigation of the Waterways Committee of the Coasts, Oceans, Ports, and Rivers Institute of the American Society of Civil EngineersEdited byThomas J. Pokrefke, P.E

2、.fmatter.indd i 12/19/2012 2:15:45 PMLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataInland navigation : channel training works / prepared by the Task Committee on Inland Navigation of the Waterways Committee of the Coasts, Oceans, Ports, and Rivers Institute of the American Society of Civil Engin

3、eers ; edited by Thomas J. Pokrefke, P.E.pages cm. (ASCE manuals and reports on engineering practice ; no. 124)Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 978-0-7844-1253-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-7844-7701-4 (e-book)1. Stream channelizationUnited States. 2. Inland navigationUnited Sta

4、tes. I. Pokrefke, Thomas J. II. Coasts, Oceans, Ports and Rivers Institute (American Society of Civil Engineers). Task Committee on InlandNavigation.TC529.I55 2013627.12dc232012032073Published by American Society of Civil Engineers1801 Alexander Bell DriveReston, Virginia 20191www.asce.org/pubsAny s

5、tatements expressed in these materials are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of ASCE, which takes no responsibility for any statement made herein. No reference made in this publication to any specifi c method, product, process, or service constitutes or impli

6、es an endorsement, recommendation, or warranty thereof by ASCE. The materials are for general information only and do not represent a standard of ASCE, nor are they intended as a reference in purchase specifi cations, contracts, regulations, statutes, or any other legal document.ASCE makes no repres

7、entation or warranty of any kind, whether express or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, suitability, or utility of any information, apparatus, product, or process discussed in this publication, and assumes no liability therefor. This information should not be used without fi rst securin

8、g competent advice with respect to its suitability for any general or specifi c application. Anyone utilizing this information assumes all liability arising from such use, including but not limited to infringement of any patent or patents.ASCE and American Society of Civil EngineersRegistered in U.S

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10、.Copyright 2012 by the American Society of Civil Engineers.All Rights Reserved.ISBN 978-0-7844-1253-4 (paper)ISBN 978-0-7844-7701-4 (PDF e-book)Manufactured in the United States of America.18 17 16 15 14 13 12 1 2 3 4 5fmatter.indd ii 12/19/2012 2:15:45 PMMANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICE(

11、As developed by the ASCE Technical Procedures Committee, July 1930, and revised March 1935, February 1962, and April 1982)A manual or report in this series consists of an orderly presentation of facts on a particular subject, supplemented by an analysis of limitations and applications of these facts

12、. It contains information useful to the average engineer in his or her everyday work, rather than fi ndings that may be useful only occasionally or rarely. It is not in any sense a “stan-dard,” however; nor is it so elementary or so conclusive as to provide a “rule of thumb” for nonengineers.Further

13、more, material in this series, in distinction from a paper (which expresses only one persons observations or opinions), is the work of a committee or group selected to assemble and express information on a specifi c topic. As often as practicable, the committee is under the direction of one or more

14、of the Technical Divisions and Councils, and the product evolved has been subjected to review by the Executive Committee of the Division or Council. As a step in the process of this review, proposed manuscripts are often brought before the members of the Technical Divisions and Councils for comment,

15、 which may serve as the basis for improvement. When published, each work shows the names of the com-mittees by which it was compiled and indicates clearly the several pro-cesses through which it has passed in review in order that its merit may be defi nitely understood.In February 1962 (and revised

16、in April 1982) the Board of Direction voted to establish a series titled, “Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice,” to include the Manuals published and authorized to date, future Manuals of Professional Practice, and Reports on Engineering Practice. All such Manual or Report material of the So

17、ciety would have been ref-ereed in a manner approved by the Board Committee on Publications and would be bound, with applicable discussion, in books similar to past Manuals. Numbering would be consecutive and would be a continuation of present Manual numbers. In some cases of reports of joint commit

18、tees, bypassing of Journal publications may be authorized.fmatter.indd iii 12/19/2012 2:15:45 PMMANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICE CURRENTLY AVAILABLENo. Title28 Hydrology Handbook, Second Edition45 How to Select and Work Effectively with Consulting Engineers: Getting the Best Project, 2012

19、 Edition50 Planning and Design Guidelines for Small Craft Harbors, Revised Edition54 Sedimentation Engineering, Classic Edition60 Gravity Sanitary Sewer Design and Construction, Second Edition62 Existing Sewer Evaluation and Reha-bilitation, Third Edition66 Structural Plastics Selection Manual67 Win

20、d Tunnel Studies of Buildings and Structures71 Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management, Second Edition73 Quality in the Constructed Project: A Guide for Owners, Designers, and Constructors, Third Edition74 Guidelines for Electrical Transmission Line Structural Loading, Third Edition77 Design

21、 and Construction of Urban Stormwater Management Systems81 Guidelines for Cloud Seeding to Augment Precipitation, Second Edition85 Quality of Ground Water: Guidelines for Selection and Application of Fre-quently Used Models91 Design of Guyed Electrical Transmis-sion Structures92 Manhole Inspection a

22、nd Rehabilita-tion, Second Edition94 Inland Navigation: Locks, Dams, and Channels96 Guide to Improved Earthquake Perfor-mance of Electric Power Systems97 Hydraulic Modeling: Concepts and Practice98 Conveyance of Residuals from Water and Wastewater Treatment99 Environmental Site Characterization and

23、Remediation Design Guidance100 Groundwater Contamination by Organic Pollutants: Analysis and RemediationNo. Title101 Underwater Investigation: Standard Practice Manual102 Design Guide for FRP Composite Connections103 Guide to Hiring and Retaining Great Civil Engineers104 Recommended Practice for Fib

24、er-Reinforced Polymer Products for Overhead Utility Line Structures105 Animal Waste Containment in Lagoons106 Horizontal Auger Boring Projects107 Ship Channel Design and Operation, Revised Edition108 Pipeline Design for Installation by Horizontal Directional Drilling109 Biological Nutrient Removal (

25、BNR) Operation in Wastewater Treatment Plants110 Sedimentation Engineering: Processes, Measurements, Modeling, and Practice111 Reliability-Based Design of Utility Pole Structures112 Pipe Bursting Projects113 Substation Structure Design Guide114 Performance-Based Design of Struc-tural Steel for Fire

26、Conditions: A Cal-culation Methodology115 Pipe Ramming Projects116 Navigation Engineering Practice and Ethical Standards117 Inspecting Pipeline Installation118 Belowground Pipeline Networks for Utility Cables119 Buried Flexible Steel Pipe: Design and Structural Analysis120 Trenchless Renewal of Culv

27、erts and Storm Sewers121 Safe Operation and Maintenance of Dry Dock Facilities122 Sediment Dynamics upon Dam Removal123 Prestressed Concrete Transmission Pole Structures: Recommended Practice for Design and Installation124 Inland Navigation: Channel Training Worksfmatter.indd iv 12/19/2012 2:15:45 P

28、MWATERWAYS COMMITTEE TASK COMMITTEE ON INLAND NAVIGATIONChair Bruce L. McCartney, P.E., D.NE, M.ASCEEditor Thomas J. Pokrefke, P.E., D.NE, LM.ASCEMembers Michael D. Cox, Dist.D.NE, Aff.M.ASCEStephen W. Ellis, P.E.David C. Gordon, P.E.William H. McAnally, Ph.D., P.E., D.NE, F.ASCEFreddie Pinkard, P.E

29、.ReviewersDoug Kamien, P.E. Retired deputy district engineer for Programs and Project Management for the Vicksburg District, U.S. Army Corps of EngineersMark F. Lindgren, P.E., M.ASCE. Hydraulic engineer, chief of Hydrology and Hydraulics Branch, Walla Walla District, U.S. Army Corps of EngineersTho

30、mas Wakeman III, Engr.Sc.D., F.PIANC, Dist.D.PE, Dist.D.NE., M.ASCE. Research professor, deputy director of the Center for Maritime Systems of the Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJvfmatter.indd v 12/19/2012 2:15:45 PMThis page intentionally left blank BLUE RIBBON REVIEW PANELDavid S. Bied

31、enharn, P.E., Ph.D., M.ASCE. Retired hydraulic engineer, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; principal investigator with Biedenharn Group, LLCPierre Y. Julien, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE. Professor of civil and environmental engineering at Colorado State UniversityWarren J. Mellema, MSCE, P.E. (inactive), LM.ASC

32、E. Retired; previously assistant chief of Engineering Division in the Missouri River DivisionClaude N. Strauser, P.E., P.LS., F.ASCE, M.PIANC. Retired supervisory hydraulic engineer (chief of Hydrology and Hydraulics Branch), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, St. Louis Districtviifmatter.indd vii 12/19/

33、2012 2:15:45 PMThis page intentionally left blank CONTENTSPREFACE . xiii1 INTRODUCTION 11.1 Purpose 11.2 Navigation Engineering 11.3 Scope 21.4 Training Works on Major River Systems . 31.5 Inland Waterways: Value to the Nation . 51.6 Organization of This Manual . 5References . 62 SEDIMENTATION AND S

34、EDIMENT MANAGEMENT IN RIVER CHANNELS 72.1 General . 72.2 Sediment Transport . 92.3 Sedimentation Problems . 102.4 Sediment Management . 142.5 Sedimentation Studies . 162.6 Sediment Data Needs 17References . 173 HISTORY . 19References . 234 TRAINING STRUCTURE TYPES AND LAYOUT. 254.1 General . 254.2 R

35、edirective Structures . 254.3 Resistive Structures 274.4 Channel Alignment and Contraction . 274.5 Channel Realignments (Cutoffs) . 304.6 Contraction Width . 38ixfmatter.indd ix 12/19/2012 2:15:45 PMx CONTENTS4.7 General Channel Plan . 394.8 Low-Water Reference Plane . 42References . 425 DIKES . 455

36、.1 Stone Spur Dike Design Parameters . 455.2 Other Types of Stone Dikes 565.3 Timber-Pile Dikes . 645.4 Inventory of Training Dikes on U.S. Rivers 69References . 746 REVETMENTS . 756.1 Revetment Structures 756.2 Stone Revetments . 756.3 Other Revetment Types 78References . 837 OTHER TYPES OF TRAININ

37、G STRUCTURES. 857.1 Bendway Weirs . 857.2 Blunt-Nosed Chevrons 877.3 Bullnose Structures 877.4 Hard Points . 89References . 908 CASE STUDIES . 918.1 Scope 918.2 Missouri River 918.3 Upper Mississippi River . 968.4 J. Bennett Johnston (Red River) Waterway, Louisiana . 1008.5 Tennessee-Tombigbee Water

38、way, Alabama and Mississippi. 1028.6 Lower Columbia River, Oregon 104References . 1119 COST 113References . 11510 ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN 11710.1 General . 11710.2 Notched Dike 11710.3 Rootless Dike 11810.4 Trail Dike . 11910.5 W-Dike . 11910.6 Dike Extensions (Offset) . 11910.7 Sloping Crest Dike . 11

39、910.8 Off-Bankline Revetments 12010.9 Multiple Roundpoint Structures . 120fmatter.indd x 12/19/2012 2:15:45 PMCONTENTS xi10.10 Environmental Guidelines and Design Guidance 120References . 12311 MODEL STUDIES . 12511.1 General . 12511.2 Physical Movable-Bed Models. 12611.3 Physical Fixed-Bed or Semif

40、i xed-Bed Navigation Models . 12811.4 Numerical Model Studies . 12911.5 Hydraulic Sediment Response Models 12911.6 Tow Simulation Studies 132References . 13512 PERFORMANCE, EVALUATION, AND INSPECTION . 13712.1 General . 13712.2 Hydrographic Surveys 13712.3 Above Water Inspections 14112.4 Aerial Insp

41、ections 14112.5 Evaluation . 142References . 14413 REPAIR TECHNIQUES 14513.1 General . 14513.2 Examples of Repairs and Repair Techniques 146References . 150APPENDIX I: TERMINOLOGY . 151APPENDIX II: DEVELOPMENT OF CHANNEL CONTRACTION WIDTHS . 155INDEX 167fmatter.indd xi 12/19/2012 2:15:45 PMThis page

42、 intentionally left blank PREFACEThis manual was produced by the Task Committee on Inland Naviga-tion of the Waterways Committee of the Coasts, Oceans, Ports, and Rivers Institute (COPRI), American Society of Civil Engineers. Members of the Task Committee were: Bruce L. McCartney, P.E., D.NE, M.ASCE

43、. Retired hydraulic expert for navigation project design, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Headquarters (Offi ce, Chief of Engineers) and North Pacifi c Divi-sion; Task Committee chair. Thomas J. Pokrefke, MSCE, P.E., D.NE, LM.ASCE. Retired research hydraulic engineer for River Studies, U.S. Army Corps

44、of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center (formerly Waterways Experiment Station); Task Committee editor. Michael D. Cox, Dist.D.NE, Aff.M.ASCE. Member and former chair of COPRI Waterways Committee, currently president of COPRI Governing Board. Also experienced in river operations and ch

45、annel maintenance activities through employment with U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Task Committee member. Stephen W. Ellis, P.E. Retired civil engineer and Mississippi River channel improvement coordinator for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Mississippi Valley Division; Task Committee member. David

46、 C. Gordon, P.E. Chief of hydraulic design, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, St. Louis District; Task Committee member. William H. McAnally, Ph.D., P.E., D.NE, F.ASCE. Research professor of civil and environmental engineering, Mississippi State University, and co-director, Northern Gulf Institute; Task

47、 Committee member. Freddie Pinkard, P.E., Hydraulic engineer, Chief of the River Engineering Section, and Mississippi River Channel Improvement coordinator, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg District; Task Committee member.xiiifmatter.indd xiii 12/19/2012 2:15:45 PMxiv PREFACEEleven of the 13

48、chapters were assembled by Bruce McCartney and Tom Pokrefke with input and critical reviews from the other committee members, several U.S. Army Corps of Engineers offi ces, and existing publications. Bruce McCartney is the principal author of Chapter 1; William McAnally is the principal author of Ch

49、apter 2; Bruce McCartney, Tom Pokrefke, and Freddie Pinkard are the principal authors of Chapter 4; Freddie Pinkard and Dave Gordon added signifi cantly to Chapter 5; and Freddie Pinkard and Steve Ellis are the principal authors of Chapter 6. Dave Gordon added signifi cantly to Chapter 7, Mike Cox and Freddie Pinkard contributed signifi cantly to Chapter 8, and Tom Pokrefke is the principal author of Chapter 11 with the assistance of Dave Gordon. Tom Pokrefke is the principa