ASHRAE 145 2-2011 Laboratory Test Method for Assessing the Performance of Gas-Phase Air-Cleaning Systems Air-Cleaning Devices.pdf

1、ASHRAE STANDARDANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.2-2011Laboratory Test Method for Assessing the Performance of Gas-Phase Air-Cleaning Systems: Air-Cleaning DevicesApproved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on June 25, 2011; by the ASHRAE Board of Directors onJune 29, 2011; and by the American National Standa

2、rds Institute on July 27, 2011. This standard is under continuous maintenance by a Standing Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for whichthe Standards Committee has established a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revi-sions, including procedures for timely, documented, consensus

3、 action on requests for change to any part ofthe standard. The change submittal form, instructions, and deadlines may be obtained in electronic form fromthe ASHRAE Web site (www.ashrae.org) or in paper form from the Manager of Standards. The latest edition ofan ASHRAE Standard may be purchased from

4、the ASHRAE Web site (www.ashrae.org) or from ASHRAECustomer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 404-321-5478. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada).For reprint permission, go to www.ashrae.or

5、g/permissions. 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ISSN 1041-2336American Society of Heating, Refrigeratingand Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 30329www.ashrae.orgSPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a

6、national voluntary consensus standard developed under the auspices of the AmericanSociety of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Consensus is defined by the American National StandardsInstitute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this standard as an

7、 ANS, as “substantial agreement reached bydirectly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity.Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolut

8、ion.” Compliance with thisstandard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation.ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Pr

9、oject Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is m

10、ade to balance the concerned interests on all ProjectCommittees. The Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted for:a. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permi

11、ssion to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information andaccepted industry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of

12、any products, components,or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under itsStandards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines a

13、re established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for ratingpurposes, by suggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providingother information that may serve to guide the industry.

14、The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them,and conformance to them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been app

15、roved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 145Cognizant TC: TC 2.3, Gaseous Air Contaminants and Gas-Contaminant Removal EquipmentSPLS Liaison: Craig P. WrayChristopher O. Muller, Chair* Robert Hendry Thad PtakNick H. Agopian* Carolyn M. Kerr* Jeff RoseberryCharlene Bayer Brian C. Krafthefer

16、Brad StanleyH.E. Barney Burroughs Rea T. Liu Mark B. Stutman*Monroe A. Britt* Chang-Seo Lee Christine Q. Sun*Wenhao Chen Paula Levasseur Dean T. Tompkins*Kyung-Ju Choi* William P. Lull* Paolo M. Tronville*Johnnie H. Copley Matt Middlebrooks* Eugene L. ValerioMichael D. Corbat Paul R. Nelson Douglas

17、W. VanOsdellChristopher Flaherty Francis J. Offermann, III Jensen ZhangRakesh Goel* Kathleen Owen*Lara A. Gundel*ASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20102011Stephanie C. Reiniche, Manager of StandardsH. Michael Newman, Chair Krishnan Gowri Janice C. PetersonCarol E. Marriott, Vice-Chair Maureen Grasso Dougla

18、s T. ReindlDouglass S. Abramson Cecily M. Grzywacz Boggarm S. SettyKarim Amrane Richard L. Hall James R. TaubyRobert G. Baker Nadar R. Jayaraman James K. VallortHoy R. Bohanon, Jr. Byron W. Jones William F. WalterSteven F. Bruning Jay A. Kohler Michael W. WoodfordKenneth W. Cooper Frank Myers Craig

19、P. WrayMartin Dieryckx Hugh F. Crowther, BOD ExOAllan B. Fraser William P. Bahnfleth, COCONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.2-2011Laboratory Test Method for Assessing the Performance of Gas-Phase Air-Cleaning Systems: Air-Cleaning DevicesSECTION PAGEForeword. 21 Purpose 32 Scope . 33 Definitions. 34 Te

20、st Apparatus . 55 Apparatus Qualification Testing 96 Test Conditions and Materials 167 Preparation of the Test Device . 178 Test Procedures . 179 Measurement of Resistance vs. Airflow . 1910 Determination of Performance 1911 Reporting Results . 2212 Safety and Environmental Impact. 2213 References .

21、 27Normative Appendix A: Large-Scale Test Duct: Leak Characterization and Control 27Informative Annex B: Commentary on the ASHRAE Standard 145.2 Test Method 33Informative Annex C: Gas-Phase Air-Cleaner Performance Theory . 37Informative Annex D: How to Read a Test Report. 38Informative Annex E: Appl

22、ication Guidelines. 41Informative Annex F: Bibliography. 44NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAE Web site at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2011 American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.179

23、1 Tullie Circle NEAtlanta, GA 30329www.ashrae.orgAll rights reserved. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted witho

24、ut ASHRAEs prior written permission.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.2-2011(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not beenprocessed according to the ANSI requirements for astandard and may cont

25、ain material that has not beensubject to public review or a consensus process.Unresolved objectors on informative material are notoffered the right to appeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDThe air processed by building HVAC systems typicallycontains a variety of contaminants in gaseous form. The con-cen

26、trations of these contaminants may vary from traceamounts in most cases to the toxic levels that can be encoun-tered near a spill or some other extraordinary event. When-ever gaseous contaminants reach unacceptable levelsormay be expected to reach such levelsair-cleaning may beused to improve the us

27、ability of the space or to protect thebuilding occupants, the HVAC system components, or thecontents of the building. These concerns exist not only forcommercial buildings but for industrial workspaces as well.Gaseous air contaminants can be removed by variousair-cleaning processes. This standard pr

28、ovides a perfor-mance test method both for individual filters and for com-plete devices designed to be used for full-scale commercialin-duct gaseous contaminant air-cleaning. Gaseous-contam-inant air-cleaning devices of this type rely on sorptive activeagents such as plain (untreated) or chemically-

29、impregnatedactivated carbons, activated aluminas, other adsorbentmaterials, or catalysts. They typically take the form of granu-lar beds, supported or attached granules or powders, orfibrous mats. Other fabricated forms are possible. These gas-eous contaminant air-cleaning devices are those most oft

30、enselected for use in building HVAC systems.This standard describes a test procedure with quality-control constraints to measure percent removal efficiencyand removal capacity of gaseous-contaminant removaldevices when challenged under steady-state conditions. Thetest is designed to simulate the cap

31、ture performance of com-mercially-available HVAC filters under controlled, represen-tative conditions. The filters to be tested using this standardare intended to remove gaseous contaminants that are pres-ent at low-to-modest levels and nuisance odors, thereby pro-tecting building contents and proce

32、sses and reducingcorrosion. The test end point is chemical breakthrough thatexceeds a minimum removal efficiency. This test may be usedto evaluate filters for use in a building designed and/or oper-ated according to the ASHRAE Standard 62.1 IAQ Proce-dure. This test method is not intended to test fi

33、lters whosefunction is to protect against extraordinary events producinggaseous chemicals that are immediately threatening to thehealth of building occupants.A companion small-scale, low-flow-rate version of thistest procedureANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.1-2008, Labo-ratory Test Method for Assessing the

34、 Performance of Gas-Phase Air-Cleaning Systems: Loose Granular Mediapro-vides comparable sorptive granular media challenges at amuch lower nominal flow rate of 1.7 m3/h (28.32 L/min, or1.0 ft3/min). This smaller scale provides a lower potentialoperator exposure, and with its much smaller footprint,

35、it ismuch more amenable to local exhaust venting and allowsrelatively easy cleanup.The test contaminants used may be hazardous, and sothe safety of those conducting the tests is of paramountimportance. The primary personal hazard associated withthe test method is inadvertent inhalation. This procedu

36、retherefore incorporates a number of steps that are designed toreduce personal inhalation exposures, and these should befollowed carefully. Merely following these steps does not,however, ensure safe operation. Each test organization isresponsible for training, equipping, protecting, and monitor-ing

37、the exposure of its personnel.The laboratory test apparatus, equipment, test protocol,quality control guidelines, and equipment calibration recom-mendations provided are intended to achieve repeatabilitywithin 10% of the measured value. Where possible, themethod specifies the performance required of

38、 hardware andinstrumentation rather than prescribing the specific charac-teristics of these items in detail. Considerable capital isrequired to establish a laboratory with the large-scale testapparatus and instrumentation described. Ideally, test dataproduced by the less complex and less costly comp

39、anionsmall-scale test method (ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.1-2008) will ultimately allow prediction of large-scale results.However, actual large-scale testing requires minimalassumptions and may still be preferred for either criticalapplications or for contaminants for which minimal informa-tion exists

40、in the literature on sorptive media characteristics.While the methods presented in the standard can argu-ably be used to test gaseous-contaminant removal for anyair-cleaning device that can be adapted to fit and operateproperly in the test equipment, its stated scope has beendeliberately limited to

41、sorptive active agents of the kind men-tioned above. All gaseous-contaminant air-cleaning devicespotentially may produce byproduct chemical species. Theestablished sorptive air cleaner active agents (e.g., carbonand alumina with the common impregnation systems, cata-lysts and additives) have been us

42、ed for many years and thepotential byproducts are in large part known. Testing toidentify byproducts is thus not required.Innovative technologies do not have the advantage ofyears of use-testing, and potential chemical byproducts arenot known. Therefore the standard is not suitable for testinginnova

43、tive technologies because testing for byproduct chem-icals is not addressed. The test method is also not intended totest technologies that inject or vaporize chemicals or sorp-tive materials into the air stream in that it does not requiredownstream measurement of unreacted reagent or materialcarryov

44、er. Finally, the test method was not developed toallow accurate test chemical measurement from saturatedair streams, so water scrubbers and similar technologiescannot be tested by this method.The testing under this methodology can be conducted bymodifying (e.g., adding temperature and relative humid

45、itycontrol and instrumentation) some large-scale rigs designedpreviously for testing per ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2,Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devicesfor Removal Efficiency by Particle Size. This adds versatility American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning

46、Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 145.2-2011 3to the apparatus, allows switching back and forth betweenparticle

47、 and gas testing, and increases the overall testingcost-effectiveness. Thus, many of the requirements for Stan-dard 52.2 are retained for this gas cleaner method and arecited by reference to this earlier document, rather thanrepeating them verbatim. Additionally, some characteriza-tion testing such

48、as contaminant dispersal uniformity aheadof the test substrate, if previously conducted for Standard52.2 and found to be acceptable prior to the gas phase test-ing, is accepted as sufficient for the gas testing of this stan-dard as well. The most useful performance data for gaseous-contami-nant air-

49、cleaning devices is that obtained at the design air-flow rate when challenged with the chemical contaminatingthe space and at the use conditions. The results of such a testbest determine the air cleaner lifetime that can be expected.Many applications require control of mixed contaminantspresent at very low levels for extended periods (months), andin this case the test becomes excessively expensive. On theother hand, a test can be conducted according to this stan-dard at a fixed flow rate, temperature, relative humidity, andat an elevated challenge concentration relative to expec