ASHRAE 149-2013 Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans Used to Exhaust Smoke in Smoke Management Systems.pdf

1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 149-2013(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 149-2000 RA 2009)Laboratory Methods ofTesting Fans Used toExhaust Smokein Smoke ManagementSystemsApproved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on January 26, 2013; by the ASHRAE Board of Directors on January 29, 2013;and by the American Nati

2、onal Standards Institute on January 30, 2013.ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the date following the standard number is the year ofASHRAE Board of Directors approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE Web site(www.ashrae.org) or

3、 from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail:ordersashrae.org. Fax: 404-321-5478. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US andCanada). For reprint permission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2013 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-233

4、6 ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus standard developed un

5、der the auspices of ASHRAE.Consensus is defined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved thisstandard as an ANS, as “substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrenceof

6、more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that aneffort be made toward their resolution.” Compliance with this standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliancemandatory through legislati

7、on.ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be

8、members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all ProjectCommittees. The Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted for:a. int

9、erpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the be

10、nefit of the public in light of available information andaccepted industry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components,or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any

11、tests conducted under itsStandards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for ratingpurposes, by suggesting safe pr

12、actices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providingother information that may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them,and conformance to them is completely voluntary

13、.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20122013Kenneth W. Cooper, Chair Julie M. Ferguson Janice C. PetersonWilliam F. Walter,

14、 Vice-Chair Krishnan Gowri Heather L. PlattDouglass S. Abramson Cecily M. Grzywacz Ira G. PostonKarim Amrane Richard L. Hall Douglas T. ReindlCharles S. Barnaby Rita M. Harrold James R. TaubyHoy R. Bohanon, Jr. Adam W. Hinge James K. VallortSteven F. Bruning Debra H. Kennoy Craig P. WrayDavid R. Con

15、over Jay A. Kohler Charles H. Culp, III, BOD ExOSteven J. Emmerich Rick A. Larson Constantinos A. Balaras, COMark P. ModeraStephanie C. Reiniche, Manager of StandardsASHRAE Standing Standard Project Committee 149-2013Co-Cognizant TCs: TC 5.1, Fans, and TC 5.6, Control of Fire and Smoke*Denotes membe

16、rs of voting status when the document was approved for publication.William A. Webb, Chair* Emery W. Neitzel*Paul R. Saxon, Vice-Chair* G. Robert Voelz*Chas E. Magdanz, Secretary* Louis J. BentsenJohn H. Klote* William D. KennedyJohn A. Murphy* Keith T. Lins ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use

17、only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.CONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 149-2013,Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans Used to Exhaust Smoke in Smoke Management SystemsSECTION PAGEForeword. 21 Pu

18、rpose 22 Scope . 23 Definitions. 24 Requirements . 25 Tests. 26 References . 7Informative Annex A . 7NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAE Web site at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2013 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA

19、 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional rep

20、roduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 149-2013(This foreword is not a part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the s

21、tandard. It has not beenprocessed according to the ANSI requirements for astandard and may contain material that has not beensubject to public review or a consensus process.) FOREWORDThis is a revision of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 149-2000(RA 2009). This standard was prepared under the auspicesof ASHRAE.

22、 It may be used, in whole or in part, by an asso-ciation or government agency with due credit to ASHRAE.Adherence is strictly on a voluntary basis and merely in theinterests of obtaining uniform standards throughout theindustry. The changes made for the 2013 revision were: References were updatedMin

23、or editorial changes were made1. PURPOSEThis standard establishes uniform methods of laboratorytesting and test documentation for fans used to exhaust smokein smoke management systems.2. SCOPE2.1 This standard covers fans that are to be permanentlyinstalled in smoke management systems to exhaust smo

24、ke,including fan components and accessories when supplied,mounted, or intended to be mounted to the fan.2.2 This standard establishes test procedures for the follow-ing areas:a. Fan tests:1. Aerodynamic performance2. Operation at specified elevated temperature3. Reversalb. Appurtenance tests: Damper

25、s2.3 This standard does not cover the following types of fans:a. Portable fansb. Mechanical draft fansc. Circulating fansd. Attic fanse. Nonelectrically driven fans3. DEFINITIONSambient temperature: 10C40C (50F104F).design temperature: the temperature at which the criticalclearance(s) of the fan are

26、 identical to the critical clearance(s)of the fan at specified elevated temperature.fan: a device that uses a power-driven rotating impeller tomove air. A fan has at least one inlet opening. The opening(s)may or may not have an element or elements for connection toductwork. For the purpose of this s

27、tandard, fan shall bedeemed to refer to the complete fan assembly as it is intendedto be provided for smoke management.smoke management system: an engineered system thatincludes all methods that can be used singly or in combinationto modify smoke movement.1specified elevated temperature: the tempera

28、ture at which theoperation test shall be conducted.stabilized: a temperature is considered to be stabilized whenthree successive readings, taken at intervals of 10% of thepreviously elapsed duration of the test but not less than five-minute intervals, vary no more than 3C (5F).standard conditions: 2

29、0C, 1.2 kg/m3(68F, 0.075 lbm/ft3).4. REQUIREMENTS4.1 General. The fan and its accessories (when supplied,mounted, or intended to be mounted to the fan) shall be testedas an assembly. Test setups, apparatus, instruments, data to berecorded, and data to be reported shall be in accordance withreference

30、d standards except as indicated in this standard.4.2 Test Parameters Required (Relevant Test). Prior tothe test, the following items shall be specified by a party ordocument other than this standard. For parameters (g) and (h),see Section 5.4.3.2.a. Elevated temperature (aerodynamic performance ando

31、peration at specified elevated temperature tests)b. Number of restarts and running time between restarts ifmore than one restart is required (operation at specifiedelevated temperature test)c. Duration (operation at specified elevated temperaturetest)d. Number of reversals (reversal test)e. Time del

32、ay (reversal test)f. Run time (reversal test)g. Wind load (damper test)h. Snow load (damper test)5. TESTS5.1 Test of Aerodynamic Performance5.1.1 General5.1.1.1 The performance of a fan is affected by temper-ature in two ways: first, since a fan is basically a constant- vol-ume device, the decrease

33、in density accompanying anincrease in the temperature of the gas passing through the fanwill cause a decrease in the mass flow. This first effect is ade-quately accounted for by making a density correction asdefined in ANSI/ASHRAE 51: ANSI/AMCA 210, Labora-tory Methods of Testing Fans for Aerodynami

34、c PerformanceRating,2ignoring the density correction limitations (see Infor-mative Annex A). Second, the fan components will changesize as the temperature of these components increases and, ifthis change in size is not the same for all components, theresulting changes in clearances may cause a diffe

35、rence in fanperformance. The change in performance is due to a change insome critical clearance when expressed as a percentage of ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs pr

36、ior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 149-2013 3some nominal dimension rather than a change in the nominaldimension itself. This effect, if present, is not taken intoaccount when the density correction is made and requireseither an aerodynamic performance test at the specified ele-vated temper

37、ature or an aerodynamic performance test of afan with the geometry set to the configuration expected at thespecified elevated temperature.5.1.1.2 The calculation of the geometry expected at thespecified elevated temperature can be determined using theassumption that each material has a constant coef

38、ficient of lin-ear expansion. The prediction of size change of any compo-nent requires a knowledge of the temperature of thatcomponent and the coefficient of linear expansion of thematerial from which the component is constructed. Geometricchanges that will affect performance will occur when the cri

39、t-ical components do not expand at identical rates due to differ-ences in rates of expansion of dissimilar materials ordifferences in operating temperatures of the components orboth. It is assumed that the temperature of all components hasstabilized.5.1.1.3 Some examples of critical clearances thatc

40、hange with temperature are:a. The tip clearance of an axial fan with the impeller andhousing constructed of different materials, e.g., an alumi-num impeller and a steel housing.b. The inlet clearance of a centrifugal fan constructed of asingle material when the inlet support and impeller sup-port ar

41、e separated by material that has a different operat-ing temperature than does the impeller.5.1.2 Instruments. Instruments used in performance testsshall comply with ANSI/ASHRAE 51: ANSI/AMCA 210.25.1.3 Apparatus. Apparatus used and the test setup(s)shall comply with ANSI/ASHRAE 51: ANSI/AMCA 210.25.

42、1.4 Method of Test5.1.4.1 Performance test(s) shall be conducted in accor-dance with ANSI/ASHRAE 51: ANSI/AMCA 210.25.1.4.2 The performance of a reversible fan, a fan that isexpected to operate in either direction of rotation, shall bedetermined in each direction by a test in that direction of rota-

43、tion. A statement that the performance is identical in twodirections is not acceptable.5.1.5 Test Procedure5.1.5.1 General. Aerodynamic performance shall bedetermined for both ambient temperature and specified ele-vated temperatures in accordance with Sections 5.1.5.2 and5.1.5.3.5.1.5.2 Performance

44、at Ambient Temperature. Theperformance of the fan at ambient temperature shall be deter-mined by an aerodynamic performance test in accordance withANSI/ASHRAE 51: ANSI/AMCA 210.2The fan for this testshall be representative of the typical production fan and shallbe geometrically identical to the fan

45、used for the operationaltests at specified elevated temperature (Section 5.2). This testshall be conducted at ambient temperatures 10C40C(50F104F), and corrected to standard conditions of 20C,1.2 kg/m3(68F, 0.075 lbm/ft3).5.1.5.3 Performance at the Specified Elevated Tem-perature. The performance of

46、 the fan at the specified elevatedtemperature shall be determined by either (a) conducting thetest at the specified elevated temperature or (b) conducting thetest at ambient temperature, using a modified fan if tempera-ture affects critical clearances, and correcting the results toaccount for the ef

47、fect of density.5.1.5.3.1 Tests Performed at the Specified Ele-vated Temperature. This test shall be conducted in accor-dance with ANSI/ASHRAE 51: ANSI/AMCA 210.2Theactual test temperature shall be within 6C (10F) of thespecified elevated temperature. This test shall be conductedonly after the fan h

48、as operated at the test temperature for aperiod of time not less than the specified duration of the oper-ational tests at specified elevated temperature (Section 5.2).No correction for the density difference between the actualtest temperature and the specified elevated temperature shallbe made.5.1.5

49、.3.2 Tests performed at ambient tempera-ture. This test shall be conducted at ambient temperature inaccordance with ANSI/ASHRAE 51: ANSI/AMCA 210.2The fan shall be constructed so that the value(s) of criticalclearances at the design test temperature are identical to theexpected value(s) of these critical clearances at the specifiedelevated temperature. The actual test temperature shall bewithin 3C (5F) of the design test temperature. For fanswith critical clearances that change with temperature, thismay require some special fabrication te